Cách Giới Thiệu Chủ Đề (Concerning Topic Introduction) Trong IELTS – Bí Quyết Ghi Điểm Speaking & Writing Band 8.0

Giới Thiệu

Kỹ năng giới thiệu chủ đề (Concerning Topic Introduction) là một trong những yếu tố quyết định ấn tượng đầu tiên và điểm số trong kỳ thi IELTS. Đây là cấu trúc ngôn ngữ giúp bạn mở đầu một cuộc thảo luận, bài luận hoặc câu trả lời một cách chuyên nghiệp, mạch lạc và học thuật. Đặc biệt hữu ích trong IELTS Speaking Part 2, Part 3 và Writing Task 2, kỹ năng này giúp bạn thể hiện khả năng tổ chức ý tưởng và sử dụng ngôn ngữ học thuật một cách tự nhiên.

Theo phân tích từ các bài thi IELTS thực tế, các cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề xuất hiện với tần suất cao trong:

• Speaking: Part 2 (giới thiệu topic card) và Part 3 (mở đầu câu trả lời dài)
• Writing Task 2: Đoạn mở bài và câu chủ đề của mỗi body paragraph
• Speaking Part 1: Mở rộng câu trả lời với các chủ đề phức tạp

Ví dụ vận dụng trong IELTS:

Speaking Part 2 (Describe a memorable event):
“I’d like to talk about a significant experience that had a profound impact on my life.”
→ Phân tích: Câu mở đầu sử dụng “I’d like to talk about” + noun phrase để giới thiệu chủ đề một cách tự nhiên.

Writing Task 2 (Opinion essay – Introduction):
“When it comes to environmental protection, there are various approaches that governments can adopt.”
→ Phân tích: “When it comes to” + topic + mệnh đề chính – cấu trúc học thuật giới thiệu chủ đề cần thảo luận.

Speaking Part 3 (Discussing education):
“Regarding the issue of online learning, I believe it has both advantages and disadvantages.”
→ Phân tích: “Regarding” + noun phrase + mệnh đề chính – thể hiện sự chuyên nghiệp trong cách tiếp cận chủ đề.

Writing Task 2 (Body paragraph topic sentence):
“With respect to economic development, developing countries face numerous challenges.”
→ Phân tích: “With respect to” + topic – cụm từ học thuật cao cấp để chuyển sang khía cạnh mới.

Speaking Part 3 (Giving opinion on technology):
“As far as technological advancement is concerned, it has revolutionized the way we communicate.”
→ Phân tích: “As far as… is concerned” – cấu trúc formal thể hiện band điểm cao.

Trong bài viết này, bạn sẽ học:

✅ Định nghĩa và tầm quan trọng của kỹ năng giới thiệu chủ đề trong IELTS
✅ 15+ công thức và cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề từ Band 6 đến Band 9
✅ Cách vận dụng vào 4 kỹ năng IELTS với phân tích chi tiết
✅ 30+ câu ví dụ thực tế từ đề thi IELTS
✅ Các biến thể nâng cao và cụm từ học thuật cho Band 8+
✅ Lỗi thường gặp của học viên Việt Nam và cách khắc phục
✅ Bài tập thực hành có đáp án chi tiết

Giới Thiệu Chủ Đề Là Gì?

Định Nghĩa

Concerning Topic Introduction (Giới thiệu chủ đề) là kỹ năng sử dụng các cấu trúc ngôn ngữ chuyên biệt để mở đầu, dẫn dắt hoặc chuyển sang một chủ đề mới trong giao tiếp hoặc viết học thuật. Đây không chỉ là cách bắt đầu câu đơn thuần mà còn thể hiện khả năng tổ chức ý tưởng, kiểm soát luồng thông tin và sử dụng ngôn ngữ formal một cách thành thạo.

Chức năng chính:

• Tạo sự chuyển tiếp mượt mà giữa các ý tưởng và đoạn văn
• Thể hiện sự chuyên nghiệp và học thuật trong cách trình bày
• Giúp người nghe/đọc hiểu rõ chủ đề sắp được thảo luận
• Tạo ấn tượng tích cực về năng lực ngôn ngữ của người nói/viết
• Tăng điểm Coherence and Cohesion trong Writing và Fluency trong Speaking

Khi nào dùng trong IELTS:

• Speaking Part 1: Mở rộng câu trả lời về các chủ đề quen thuộc một cách học thuật hơn
• Speaking Part 2: Bắt đầu phần mô tả topic card một cách ấn tượng trong 10-15 giây đầu tiên
• Speaking Part 3: Giới thiệu ý kiến về các vấn đề xã hội, giáo dục, môi trường một cách có cấu trúc
• Writing Task 2: Viết câu mở đầu (hook/thesis statement) và topic sentence cho mỗi đoạn thân bài
• Writing Task 1 (Academic): Giới thiệu biểu đồ/bảng số liệu trước khi phân tích chi tiết

Tần Suất Xuất Hiện Trong IELTS

Theo phân tích từ Cambridge IELTS 10-19:

Speaking:

• Part 1: Tần suất thấp – Chủ yếu câu trả lời trực tiếp, nhưng có thể dùng để nâng band từ 6.0 lên 7.0
  • Typical questions: “Do you like reading?” → “When it comes to reading, I’m quite passionate about fiction.”
• Part 2: Tần suất rất cao – 90% thí sinh band 7+ sử dụng cấu trúc giới thiệu chuyên nghiệp
  • Typical topics: Describe a person/place/event → Câu đầu tiên quyết định 30% ấn tượng về fluency
• Part 3: Tần suất cao – Xuất hiện ở mỗi câu trả lời dài về abstract topics
  • Typical questions: “How has education changed?” → “Regarding educational reforms, there have been significant developments…”

Writing:

• Task 1: Tần suất trung bình – Chủ yếu trong câu overview và khi giới thiệu từng giai đoạn
  • When needed: “Concerning the period from 2000 to 2010, there was a dramatic increase…”
• Task 2: Tần suất rất cao – Bắt buộc trong introduction và mỗi topic sentence
  • Essay types: Tất cả các dạng bài (Opinion, Discussion, Advantage/Disadvantage, Problem/Solution, Two-part questions)
  • Xuất hiện ít nhất 4-5 lần trong một bài essay 250-280 từ

Listening/Reading:

• Xuất hiện thường xuyên trong academic lectures và articles
• Cần nhận diện để nắm bắt cấu trúc bài và main ideas
• Giúp dự đoán thông tin sắp xuất hiện

Band Score Impact:

• Band 5-6: Sử dụng các cách giới thiệu đơn giản như “I want to talk about…” hoặc “This essay is about…”
• Band 7: Sử dụng chính xác các cấu trúc như “Regarding…”, “When it comes to…”, “As for…”
• Band 8-9: Sử dụng linh hoạt và đa dạng các cấu trúc formal như “With respect to…”, “As far as… is concerned”, “In terms of…”, tích hợp tự nhiên vào câu phức

Cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề trong IELTS và tác động đến band điểm Speaking Writing

Công Thức & Cấu Trúc

Công Thức Cơ Bản

📌 CÔNG THỨC CHÍNH – Level 1 (Band 6-7):

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Topic Introducer + Topic (Noun/Noun Phrase) +      │
│ Main Clause                                         │
│                                                     │
│ Ví dụ: Regarding education, many countries have    │
│ reformed their systems.                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Thành phần câu:

• Topic Introducer: Cụm từ/từ nối giới thiệu chủ đề (Regarding, Concerning, As for, When it comes to, With regard to)
• Topic (Noun/Noun Phrase): Chủ đề cụ thể được đề cập (education, environmental issues, technological development)
• Main Clause: Mệnh đề chính chứa ý kiến, nhận định hoặc thông tin về chủ đề đó

Ví dụ phân tích chi tiết:

Câu: “When it comes to environmental protection, governments should take immediate action.”

Phân tích:

• Topic Introducer: When it comes to (cụm giới từ phức – formal level)
• Topic: environmental protection (noun phrase – chủ đề chính)
• Comma: Dấu phẩy bắt buộc sau cụm giới thiệu
• Main Clause: governments should take immediate action (subject + modal verb + verb phrase)
• Function: Giới thiệu chủ đề môi trường trước khi đưa ra ý kiến chính

Các Biến Thể

Dạng 1: Concerning/Regarding + Noun Phrase

Công thức: Concerning/Regarding + [topic], [main clause]

Ví dụ:

• “Concerning climate change, scientists have warned about rising temperatures.”
• “Regarding online education, there are both benefits and drawbacks.”

Mức độ: Band 7.0 – Formal, học thuật, phù hợp Writing Task 2 và Speaking Part 3

Dạng 2: When it comes to + Noun/Gerund

Công thức: When it comes to + [topic/V-ing], [main clause]

Ví dụ:

• “When it comes to learning languages, practice is essential.”
• “When it comes to job satisfaction, salary is not the only factor.”

Mức độ: Band 7.0-7.5 – Conversational nhưng vẫn professional, xuất hiện nhiều trong Speaking Part 3

Dạng 3: As far as… is concerned

Công thức: As far as + [topic] + is/are concerned, [main clause]

Ví dụ:

• “As far as technology is concerned, it has transformed modern life.”
• “As far as students are concerned, they prefer interactive learning methods.”

Mức độ: Band 8.0 – Rất formal, thể hiện sự sophisticated trong academic writing

Dạng 4: With respect/regard to + Noun Phrase

Công thức: With respect/regard to + [topic], [main clause]

Ví dụ:

• “With respect to economic development, Asian countries have shown remarkable growth.”
• “With regard to public health, prevention is better than cure.”

Mức độ: Band 8.0-8.5 – Extremely formal, thường dùng trong academic essays

Dạng 5: In terms of + Noun/Gerund

Công thức: In terms of + [aspect/topic], [main clause]

Ví dụ:

• “In terms of cost, renewable energy is becoming more competitive.”
• “In terms of improving education, teacher training is crucial.”

Mức độ: Band 7.5-8.0 – Versatile, dùng được cả Speaking và Writing

Dạng 6: As for + Noun Phrase

Công thức: As for + [topic/person], [main clause]

Ví dụ:

• “As for the younger generation, they are more tech-savvy than their parents.”
• “As for solutions to traffic congestion, public transportation should be improved.”

Mức độ: Band 7.0 – Conversational formal, tự nhiên trong Speaking Part 3

Dạng 7: On the subject/topic of + Noun Phrase

Công thức: On the subject/topic of + [topic], [main clause]

Ví dụ:

• “On the subject of globalization, opinions are divided.”
• “On the topic of work-life balance, many professionals struggle.”

Mức độ: Band 7.5 – Academic, phù hợp Writing Task 2 introduction

Signal Words & Transition Phrases

Các cụm từ thường đi kèm trong giới thiệu chủ đề IELTS:

Topic Introducer	Formality Level	Best Used In	Ví dụ
Regarding	High (Formal)	Writing Task 2, Speaking Part 3	“Regarding environmental issues, immediate action is needed.”
Concerning	High (Formal)	Writing Task 2	“Concerning public health, prevention strategies are vital.”
When it comes to	Medium (Semi-formal)	Speaking Part 2/3, Writing	“When it comes to education, quality matters more than quantity.”
As for	Medium (Semi-formal)	Speaking Part 3	“As for young people, they prefer digital communication.”
With respect to	Very High (Academic)	Writing Task 2 (body paragraphs)	“With respect to economic growth, investment is crucial.”
With regard to	Very High (Academic)	Writing Task 2	“With regard to social inequality, policies must be reformed.”
In terms of	Medium-High	Both Speaking & Writing	“In terms of efficiency, technology has improved productivity.”
As far as… is concerned	Very High (Academic)	Writing Task 2, Speaking Part 3 (advanced)	“As far as healthcare is concerned, access remains a challenge.”
On the subject of	High (Formal)	Writing Task 2 introduction	“On the subject of climate change, scientists agree action is urgent.”
Speaking of	Low (Conversational)	Speaking Part 1/2 (transitioning)	“Speaking of hobbies, I enjoy photography.”

Cách Vận Dụng Vào IELTS

Speaking

Part 1 – Introduction & Interview

Topic thường gặp: Work/Study, Hometown, Hobbies, Daily Routine, Technology

Ví dụ câu hỏi & trả lời:

Q: “Do you enjoy reading books?”

A (Band 6): “Yes, I like reading books. I read novels and magazines.”

A (Band 7+): “When it comes to reading, I’m particularly fond of contemporary fiction. I find that novels help me relax after a long day at work.”

→ Phân tích: Sử dụng “When it comes to + gerund” biến câu trả lời đơn giản thành câu phức tạp hơn, thể hiện range of grammar và vocabulary. Tuy nhiên, trong Part 1 không nên lạm dụng vì câu hỏi thường ngắn.

Q: “What do you think about technology?”

A (Band 7.5+): “Regarding technology, I believe it has fundamentally changed how we communicate and work. While it brings convenience, I’m also concerned about issues like privacy and screen addiction.”

→ Phân tích: “Regarding + noun” mở đầu câu trả lời một cách professional, sau đó phát triển thành câu phức với mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn và so sánh.

Part 2 – Long Turn

Cue card example:

Describe a skill you would like to learn.
You should say:

• What the skill is
• How you would learn it
• Why you want to learn it
  And explain how it would benefit you.

Sample answer (Band 8.0):

“I’d like to talk about photography, which is a skill I’ve been eager to master. When it comes to creative hobbies, photography stands out as one of the most appealing to me.

Regarding how I would learn it, I would start by taking an online course from a reputable platform like MasterClass or Coursera. These courses cover everything from basic camera settings to advanced composition techniques. I would also practice regularly by taking photos during my weekend trips and seeking feedback from professional photographers in online communities.

As for why I want to learn this skill, there are several reasons. Firstly, I’ve always been fascinated by the way photographers can capture emotions and tell stories through images. Secondly, I believe it would help me appreciate beauty in everyday life. In terms of practical benefits, having photography skills would also allow me to document important family moments and even potentially earn extra income through freelance work.

As far as the benefits are concerned, mastering photography would not only provide me with a creative outlet but also improve my attention to detail and patience, which are valuable skills in any profession.”

→ Phân tích Band 8.0 features:

• Sử dụng 5 cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề khác nhau một cách tự nhiên
• Mỗi cấu trúc mở đầu cho một khía cạnh mới của topic
• Không lặp lại cấu trúc, thể hiện grammatical range
• Tích hợp mượt mà vào luồng ý, không gượng ép

Part 3 – Discussion

Topic: Education and Technology

Q: “How has technology changed education in your country?”

A (Band 8.5):
“Regarding educational technology in Vietnam, the transformation has been quite remarkable over the past decade. When it comes to classroom learning, we’ve seen a shift from traditional blackboards to interactive smart boards and digital learning platforms.

As far as accessibility is concerned, technology has democratized education to some extent. Students in remote areas can now access online courses and educational resources that were previously unavailable to them. However, with respect to the quality of learning, I believe there’s still debate about whether technology actually improves educational outcomes or simply changes the delivery method.

In terms of challenges, many schools, particularly in rural areas, still lack adequate infrastructure and teacher training. As for the future, I expect we’ll see even more integration of artificial intelligence and personalized learning systems.”

→ Band 8.5+ features:

• Đa dạng 5 cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề trong một câu trả lời
• Mỗi cấu trúc đánh dấu một sub-topic mới (transformation, accessibility, quality, challenges, future)
• Tạo coherence mạnh mẽ cho câu trả lời dài
• Thể hiện ability to organize complex ideas systematically

Common Speaking Part 3 Question Patterns:

Question Type	Topic Introducer Recommended	Example
“How has X changed?”	Regarding/When it comes to	“Regarding urban development, cities have expanded rapidly.”
“What are the advantages of X?”	In terms of/As for	“In terms of benefits, technology saves time significantly.”
“Do you think X is important?”	When it comes to/As far as…is concerned	“As far as education is concerned, it’s fundamental to society.”
“What problems does X cause?”	Regarding/Concerning	“Concerning environmental issues, pollution is the main concern.”
“How can we solve X?”	With regard to/As for	“With regard to solutions, government policies are essential.”

Ví dụ sử dụng cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề trong IELTS Speaking Part 2 và Part 3

Writing Task 1

Khi nào dùng trong Task 1:

• Giới thiệu giai đoạn hoặc nhóm dữ liệu cụ thể
• Chuyển đổi giữa các loại thông tin
• Nhấn mạnh khía cạnh đáng chú ý trong biểu đồ

Ví dụ – Line Graph (Changes over time):

Task: The graph below shows the percentage of people using the internet in three countries from 2000 to 2020.

Body Paragraph (Band 7.5):

“Regarding the overall trend, all three countries experienced significant growth in internet usage over the two-decade period. As far as Country A is concerned, the percentage of internet users rose dramatically from 20% in 2000 to 85% in 2020, representing more than a fourfold increase. In terms of Country B, growth was more moderate but steady, climbing from 30% to 70%. As for Country C, it started with the lowest figure at just 10% but showed the most impressive growth rate, reaching 75% by 2020.”

→ Vận dụng: Mỗi cấu trúc giới thiệu một quốc gia hoặc một khía cạnh mới của dữ liệu, giúp bài viết có structure rõ ràng và dễ theo dõi.

Ví dụ – Bar Chart (Comparing categories):

Body Paragraph:

“With respect to spending patterns, food and housing accounted for the largest proportion of household expenditure in both years. Concerning food costs specifically, the figure stood at 25% in 2010 before declining slightly to 22% in 2020. In terms of housing expenses, there was an upward trend from 30% to 35%.”

→ Phân tích: Các cấu trúc formal như “With respect to” và “Concerning” phù hợp với academic writing style của Task 1.

Writing Task 2

Essay types sử dụng Topic Introduction:

1. Opinion Essay

Topic: Some people believe that universities should focus on practical skills rather than theoretical knowledge. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Sample Introduction (Band 8.0):

“The debate over whether higher education should prioritize vocational training or academic theory has intensified in recent years. When it comes to university curricula, I firmly believe that while practical skills are important, theoretical knowledge remains the foundation of quality education. This essay will explore why a balanced approach, with emphasis on theoretical understanding, best serves students’ long-term interests.”

Body Paragraph 1:

“Regarding the importance of theoretical knowledge, it provides students with critical thinking abilities that are transferable across various careers. As far as foundational understanding is concerned, subjects like mathematics, philosophy, and pure sciences teach students how to analyze complex problems systematically. In terms of career flexibility, graduates with strong theoretical backgrounds can adapt to changing job markets more effectively than those with narrow technical training.”

→ Phân tích:

• Introduction: Sử dụng “When it comes to” để giới thiệu stance một cách tự nhiên
• Body: Ba cấu trúc khác nhau giới thiệu ba supporting points
• Tạo clear paragraph organization

2. Discussion Essay

Topic: Some people think that economic development is the only way to measure a country’s success, while others believe there are other factors. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Body Paragraph 1 (Band 8.5):

“Concerning the economic perspective, proponents argue that GDP growth and financial prosperity are the most objective indicators of national success. When it comes to measuring development, economic data provides quantifiable metrics that allow for international comparisons. In terms of practical benefits, strong economies can fund public services, infrastructure, and social welfare programs. As for developing nations specifically, economic growth often correlates with improvements in living standards and poverty reduction.”

Body Paragraph 2:

“On the other hand, regarding non-economic factors, critics contend that success should be measured more holistically. As far as quality of life is concerned, factors such as healthcare, education, environmental quality, and happiness levels are equally important. With respect to social development, countries like Bhutan have pioneered the concept of Gross National Happiness, which considers psychological wellbeing alongside material wealth. In terms of sustainability, purely economic measures fail to account for environmental degradation and resource depletion.”

→ Band 8.5 features:

• Mỗi body paragraph sử dụng 4 topic introducers khác nhau
• Tạo sophisticated structure với multiple sub-arguments
• “On the other hand” kết hợp “regarding” để chuyển đổi viewpoint
• Thể hiện ability to develop extended discourse

3. Problem-Solution Essay

Topic: Many cities are facing serious traffic congestion problems. What are the causes of this issue and what solutions can you suggest?

Causes Paragraph (Band 8.0):

“Regarding the root causes of traffic congestion, several factors contribute to this urban challenge. When it comes to population growth, rapid urbanization has led to a dramatic increase in the number of vehicles on the roads. As far as public transportation is concerned, inadequate infrastructure in many cities forces residents to rely on private cars. In terms of urban planning, poor road design and lack of alternative routes exacerbate bottlenecks during peak hours.”

Solutions Paragraph:

“With respect to potential solutions, a multi-faceted approach is necessary. Concerning public transport improvements, governments should invest in expanding metro systems and bus rapid transit networks. As for policy measures, implementing congestion charges in city centers, as London has successfully done, can discourage unnecessary car use. In terms of long-term planning, encouraging remote work and flexible hours can reduce peak-time traffic volume.”

→ Vận dụng: Topic introducers tạo clear distinction giữa causes và solutions, giữa các sub-categories trong mỗi section.

4. Advantage-Disadvantage Essay

Sample Body Paragraphs:

“Regarding the advantages of working from home, employees enjoy greater flexibility and improved work-life balance. In terms of productivity, many people find they can concentrate better without office distractions. As far as cost savings are concerned, both companies and workers benefit from reduced expenses on office space and commuting.

However, concerning the disadvantages, remote work can lead to social isolation and blurred boundaries between professional and personal life. When it comes to team collaboration, the lack of face-to-face interaction may hinder creativity and spontaneous problem-solving. With respect to career development, remote workers sometimes miss out on networking opportunities and informal mentoring.”

→ Structure benefit: Các topic introducers đánh dấu rõ ràng transition từ advantages sang disadvantages và giữa các supporting points.

Cách sử dụng cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề trong các đoạn văn IELTS Writing Task 2

Nâng Cao – Cách Dùng Để Đạt Band 8+

Kết Hợp Với Các Cấu Trúc Khác

1. Topic Introduction + Relative Clause (Band 8.0)

Công thức: Topic Introducer + [topic] + , which/who + [relative clause], + [main clause]

Example:
“When it comes to renewable energy, which has become increasingly affordable in recent years, governments should prioritize investment over fossil fuels.”

→ Band 8+ features:

• Chèn non-defining relative clause giữa topic introduction và main clause
• Tăng information density
• Thể hiện sophisticated sentence structure

Example:
“As far as artificial intelligence is concerned, which is transforming industries at an unprecedented pace, ethical regulations must be established immediately.”

→ Sophistication: Complex noun phrase trong topic position + relative clause + modal verb construction

2. Topic Introduction + Conditional Structure (Band 8.5)

Example:
“Regarding climate change, if governments fail to take immediate action, future generations will face catastrophic consequences.”

→ Advanced usage: Topic introducer mở đầu một câu điều kiện phức tạp, thể hiện ability to combine multiple advanced structures

Example:
“In terms of educational reform, unless teacher training is improved, any curriculum changes will prove ineffective.”

→ Complex integration: Topic introduction + negative conditional + future prediction

3. Topic Introduction + Passive Voice (Band 8.0)

Example:
“With respect to environmental protection, stringent measures have been implemented by developed nations, whereas developing countries have been slow to act.”

→ Sophistication: Passive construction cho academic tone + comparative structure

Example:
“As far as technological innovation is concerned, significant progress has been made in recent decades, yet ethical considerations have often been overlooked.”

→ Band 8+ features: Passive voice + contrastive conjunction showing critical thinking

4. Topic Introduction + Modal Perfect (Band 8.5-9.0)

Example:
“Concerning the economic crisis of 2008, financial institutions should have been more strictly regulated, which might have prevented the collapse.”

→ Very advanced: Topic introduction + modal perfect (showing hindsight) + relative clause with modal

Example:
“With regard to pandemic preparedness, governments could have invested more in healthcare infrastructure, thereby avoiding the current healthcare system strain.”

→ Band 9 features: Multiple layers of complexity – modal perfect + present participle clause showing result

Cụm Từ Nâng Cao

Academic Collocations với Topic Introduction (Band 8-9):

Collocation	Ví dụ	Band Level	Context
Regarding the contentious issue of	“Regarding the contentious issue of genetic engineering, opinions are sharply divided.”	8+	Writing Task 2 – Controversial topics
When it comes to addressing	“When it comes to addressing income inequality, progressive taxation is one viable solution.”	8+	Problem-Solution essays
As far as empirical evidence is concerned	“As far as empirical evidence is concerned, studies consistently show the benefits of early childhood education.”	9	Academic Writing – Research-based
With respect to the implications of	“With respect to the implications of automation, the workforce must adapt to remain competitive.”	8+	Discussion essays – Future trends
In terms of long-term sustainability	“In terms of long-term sustainability, renewable energy is the only viable option.”	8	Environmental topics
Concerning the ramifications of	“Concerning the ramifications of social media on mental health, research indicates several adverse effects.”	8.5+	Cause-Effect essays
As for the broader context of	“As for the broader context of globalization, cultural homogenization remains a significant concern.”	8+	Extended discourse
With regard to the feasibility of	“With regard to the feasibility of colonizing Mars, technological challenges remain substantial.”	8.5+	Opinion essays – Future possibilities

Sophisticated Variations:

Level 1 (Band 7.0):

• “When it comes to education…”
• “Regarding health issues…”

Level 2 (Band 7.5-8.0):

• “When it comes to the question of education reform…”
• “Regarding the complex issue of public health…”

Level 3 (Band 8.5-9.0):

• “When it comes to addressing the multifaceted challenges inherent in education reform…”
• “Regarding the increasingly pressing concerns surrounding public health infrastructure…”

→ Progression: Từ simple noun phrase → modified noun phrase → complex noun phrase with multiple modifiers

Câu Phức & Ghép

1. Tích hợp vào Complex-Compound Sentences (Band 8.5)

Example:
“While technological advancement has brought unprecedented convenience, when it comes to data privacy, significant concerns have emerged that governments have struggled to address effectively.”

→ Phân tích Structure:

• Adverbial clause of concession (While…)
• Topic introduction embedded in main clause (when it comes to…)
• Relative clause (that governments…)
• Total: 3 clauses tích hợp mượt mà

Example:
“Although economic growth remains important, as far as holistic development is concerned, social wellbeing and environmental sustainability should be prioritized, which many policymakers have failed to recognize.”

→ Band 9 features:

• 4 clauses
• Topic introduction as pivotal transition point
• Non-defining relative clause adding critical perspective

2. Topic Introduction với Participial Phrases (Band 8.5-9.0)

Example:
“Regarding climate change, having witnessed devastating natural disasters, governments are finally taking more decisive action.”

→ Sophistication: Topic introducer + perfect participle clause (showing cause) + main clause

Example:
“In terms of technological innovation, driven by competitive pressures and consumer demand, companies continue to invest heavily in research and development.”

→ Advanced structure: Topic introducer + past participle phrase (passive meaning) + main clause

3. Parallel Structure với Multiple Topic Introducers (Band 8.5)

Example:
“When it comes to educational success, parental involvement matters; as far as career achievement is concerned, professional networking is crucial; and with respect to personal fulfillment, work-life balance is essential.”

→ Band 8.5 features:

• Parallel structure với 3 topic introducers
• Semicolons showing sophisticated punctuation
• Rhetorical effect creating emphasis

So Sánh Với Cấu Trúc Tương Tự

Topic Introduction vs Direct Statement

Tiêu chí	Topic Introduction	Direct Statement
Công thức	Topic Introducer + Topic, Main Clause	Subject + Verb + Object
Ví dụ	“Regarding education, reforms are necessary.”	“Education reforms are necessary.”
Formality	Formal/Academic (Band 7-9)	Neutral (Band 5-7)
Dùng khi	Academic essays, formal speaking	All contexts, đặc biệt khi cần conciseness
Band impact	Thể hiện range of grammar structures	Đơn giản hơn, ít impressive
Coherence	Creates clear topic shift	Relies on context for coherence

Khi nào dùng Topic Introduction:

• Khi bắt đầu đoạn văn mới với chủ đề khác
• Khi muốn tăng formality level
• Khi cần signal cho người đọc/nghe về topic shift
• Trong Writing Task 2 body paragraphs (bắt buộc cho Band 7+)
• Trong Speaking Part 3 khi trả lời câu hỏi abstract

Khi nào dùng Direct Statement:

• Khi topic đã rõ ràng từ ngữ cảnh
• Khi cần concise expression
• Trong Writing Task 1 khi miêu tả số liệu cụ thể
• Trong Speaking Part 1 với câu hỏi đơn giản

Formal vs Conversational Topic Introducers

Very Formal (Band 8-9)	Semi-Formal (Band 7-8)	Conversational (Band 6-7)
With respect to	In terms of	When it comes to
With regard to	Regarding	As for
As far as X is concerned	Concerning	Speaking of
In relation to	As regards	About

Ví dụ so sánh cùng một ý:

Band 6-7 (Conversational):
“When it comes to studying abroad, it’s expensive but beneficial.”

Band 7-8 (Semi-formal):
“Regarding international education, while costs are substantial, the benefits justify the investment.”

Band 8-9 (Very formal):
“With respect to overseas academic pursuits, notwithstanding the considerable financial burden, the long-term advantages substantiate such expenditure.”

→ Progression: Vocabulary sophistication + grammatical complexity tăng dần

Lỗi Thường Gặp & Cách Sửa

Lỗi 1: Thiếu dấu phẩy sau cụm giới thiệu

❌ SAI:
“Regarding environmental problems governments should take action.”
“When it comes to education teachers play an important role.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“Regarding environmental problems, governments should take action.”
“When it comes to education, teachers play an important role.”

Giải thích:
Đây là lỗi phổ biến nhất của học viên Việt Nam. Tất cả các cụm giới thiệu chủ đề (topic introducers) đều phải có dấu phẩy ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính. Quy tắc này giống như khi bạn dùng “However,” hay “Therefore,” – bắt buộc phải có comma.

Lưu ý:

• Dấu phẩy này KHÔNG THỂ bỏ qua
• Nếu thiếu dấu phẩy trong Writing, examiner sẽ trừ điểm Grammatical Range and Accuracy
• Trong Speaking, pause nhẹ tại vị trí dấu phẩy sẽ tạo fluency tốt hơn

Quy tắc chuẩn:

[Topic Introducer + Topic] + COMMA + [Main Clause]

Lỗi 2: Sử dụng sai giới từ sau topic introducer

❌ SAI:
“When it comes about technology…” ❌
“Regarding to education…” ❌
“Concerning about health…” ❌
“As for to young people…” ❌

✅ ĐÚNG:
“When it comes to technology…” ✅
“Regarding education…” ✅ (KHÔNG có “to”)
“Concerning health…” ✅ (KHÔNG có “about”)
“As for young people…” ✅ (KHÔNG có “to”)

Giải thích:
Học viên Việt Nam thường bị ảnh hưởng bởi tiếng Việt (“liên quan đến“) nên thêm giới từ không cần thiết. Mỗi cụm giới thiệu có cấu trúc cố định:

Quy tắc:

• Regarding/Concerning/As for + Noun (trực tiếp, KHÔNG có giới từ)
• When it comes TO (luôn luôn là “to”, không thay đổi)
• With respect/regard TO (luôn là “to”)
• In terms OF (luôn là “of”)

Lưu ý:
Học thuộc từng cụm như một chunk vocabulary, không tách rời và thêm/bớt giới từ tùy ý.

Lỗi 3: Dùng mệnh đề thay vì noun phrase sau topic introducer

❌ SAI:
“Regarding how technology affects education, I think it’s positive.” ❌
“When it comes to what young people like, they prefer social media.” ❌
“Concerning why people study abroad, the reasons are varied.” ❌

✅ ĐÚNG:
“Regarding technology’s impact on education, I think it’s positive.” ✅
“Regarding the impact of technology on education, I think it’s positive.” ✅

“When it comes to young people’s preferences, they prefer social media.” ✅
“When it comes to what young people prefer, social media is most popular.” ✅ (nếu bắt buộc dùng mệnh đề)

“Concerning the reasons for studying abroad, they are varied.” ✅

Giải thích:
Sau topic introducers (trừ “when it comes to” có thể linh hoạt hơn), bạn nên dùng noun phrase chứ không phải clause (mệnh đề). Mệnh đề có subject + verb riêng, làm câu trở nên rối và không academic.

Quy tắc:

• Chuẩn (Band 8): Topic Introducer + Noun Phrase
• Chấp nhận được (Band 7): “When it comes to” + clause (vì “when it comes to” linh hoạt hơn)
• Tránh: Các introducers khác + clause

Cách chuyển từ clause sang noun phrase:

• “how technology affects education” → “technology’s impact on education”
• “what young people like” → “young people’s preferences”
• “why people study abroad” → “the reasons for studying abroad”

Lỗi 4: Lặp lại cấu trúc giống nhau nhiều lần

❌ SAI (Lặp lại “Regarding” 3 lần):
“Regarding education, reforms are needed. Regarding teachers, training is important. Regarding students, they need more support.”

✅ ĐÚNG (Đa dạng cấu trúc):
“Regarding education, reforms are needed. As far as teachers are concerned, training is important. In terms of students, they need more support.”

Giải thích:
Một trong những tiêu chí chấm điểm Writing và Speaking là “Grammatical Range” – sự đa dạng cấu trúc. Nếu lặp lại cùng một topic introducer trong một đoạn văn hoặc câu trả lời, bạn sẽ bị trừ điểm.

Quy tắc:

• Trong một đoạn Writing: Không dùng cùng một topic introducer quá 1 lần
• Trong cả bài essay: Tối đa 2 lần cho mỗi cấu trúc
• Trong Speaking Part 2/3: Luân phiên ít nhất 3-4 cấu trúc khác nhau

Cách tránh:
Học thuộc ít nhất 6-7 cấu trúc và rotate chúng:

1. Regarding/Concerning
2. When it comes to
3. As far as… is concerned
4. In terms of
5. As for
6. With respect/regard to
7. On the subject/topic of

Lỗi 5: Sử dụng trong ngữ cảnh không phù hợp (quá formal hoặc quá casual)

❌ SAI (Quá formal cho Speaking Part 1):

Q: “Do you like coffee?”
A: “With respect to caffeinated beverages, I find coffee particularly appealing.” ❌ (quá academic cho câu hỏi đơn giản)

✅ ĐÚNG:
“Yes, I really enjoy coffee, especially in the morning.” ✅
hoặc (nếu muốn nâng band nhẹ):
“When it comes to hot drinks, I’m definitely a coffee person.” ✅

❌ SAI (Quá casual cho Writing Task 2):
“Speaking of environmental problems, pollution is serious.” ❌ (quá conversational)

✅ ĐÚNG:
“Regarding environmental problems, pollution poses significant challenges.” ✅
“Concerning environmental degradation, pollution remains a critical issue.” ✅

Giải thích:
Mỗi topic introducer có register (mức độ formal) khác nhau. Sử dụng sai register sẽ làm giảm điểm Lexical Resource (từ vựng không phù hợp ngữ cảnh).

Quy tắc chọn theo context:

Context	Phù hợp	Tránh
Writing Task 1/2	Regarding, Concerning, With respect to, As far as…is concerned	Speaking of, About
Speaking Part 3 (formal topics)	When it comes to, Regarding, As far as…is concerned, In terms of	Speaking of (quá casual)
Speaking Part 2	When it comes to, As for, In terms of	With respect to (quá formal), Speaking of (quá casual)
Speaking Part 1	When it comes to (if extending answer)	With respect to, As far as…is concerned (quá academic)

Lưu ý:

• Writing luôn luôn formal hơn Speaking
• Speaking Part 1: Giữ tự nhiên, chỉ dùng topic introducers khi mở rộng câu trả lời
• Speaking Part 2/3: Có thể dùng sophisticated structures
• Writing Task 2: Ưu tiên formal structures để thể hiện academic style

Top 5 mistakes Vietnamese learners make (Tổng hợp):

1. Missing comma: “Regarding education teachers are important” → Thiếu dấu phẩy sau “education,”

2. Wrong preposition: “Regarding to,” “Concerning about” → Thêm giới từ không cần thiết

3. Using clause instead of noun phrase: “Regarding how people think…” → Dùng mệnh đề thay vì cụm danh từ

4. Repetition: Lặp lại “Regarding” 3-4 lần trong một đoạn → Thiếu variety

5. Inappropriate register: Dùng “With respect to” trong Speaking Part 1 hoặc “Speaking of” trong Writing → Không phù hợp ngữ cảnh

Các lỗi thường gặp khi sử dụng cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề trong IELTS

Bài Tập Thực Hành

Bài Tập 1: Điền Topic Introducer Phù Hợp

Hoàn thành câu với cụm từ giới thiệu chủ đề phù hợp. Có thể có nhiều đáp án đúng:

1. _____ climate change, scientists agree that immediate action is necessary.
2. _____ online learning, students have more flexibility in their schedules.
3. economic development , emerging markets have shown remarkable growth.
4. _____ young people’s career choices, salary is no longer the only consideration.
5. _____ public transportation, many cities are investing in metro systems.
6. _____ the benefits of exercise, both physical and mental health improve significantly.
7. _____ artificial intelligence, ethical concerns have been raised by experts.
8. _____ solutions to traffic congestion, expanding public transport is most effective.
9. _____ work-life balance, many employees prioritize flexible working hours.
10. _____ traditional vs modern education, there are advantages to both approaches.
11. the impact of social media , research shows mixed effects.
12. _____ healthcare accessibility, rural areas face significant challenges.
13. _____ government policies on environment, stricter regulations are needed.
14. _____ cultural preservation, young people play a crucial role.
15. _____ the future of employment, automation will transform many industries.

Bài Tập 2: Tìm Và Sửa Lỗi

Mỗi câu sau có MỘT lỗi. Tìm và sửa lỗi đó:

1. Regarding to technology, it has changed communication significantly. [❌]
2. When it comes to education quality is more important than quantity. [❌]
3. As far as young people are concerning, they prefer digital media. [❌]
4. Concerning about environmental issues governments must act now. [❌]
5. With respect of economic growth, investment is essential. [❌]
6. In terms for health, prevention is better than cure. [❌]
7. As for to career development, networking is important. [❌]
8. Regarding how people communicate it has changed dramatically. [❌]
9. When it comes to, online shopping is convenient. [❌]
10. Concerning the education, reforms are necessary. [❌]

Bài Tập 3: Viết Câu Hoàn Chỉnh

Viết câu hoàn chỉnh sử dụng topic introducer và thông tin cho sẵn:

1. (When it comes to / healthy lifestyle / regular exercise / essential)
   → Your answer: ___

2. (Regarding / environmental protection / individual actions / make difference)
   → Your answer: ___

3. (As far as…is concerned / technology in education / benefits / outweigh / drawbacks)
   → Your answer: ___

4. (In terms of / career success / soft skills / increasingly important)
   → Your answer: ___

5. (Concerning / traffic problems / public transportation / improve)
   → Your answer: ___

6. (As for / young generation / they / more open-minded)
   → Your answer: ___

7. (With respect to / climate change / governments / take immediate action)
   → Your answer: ___

8. (When it comes to / learning languages / immersion / most effective method)
   → Your answer: ___

Bài Tập 4: Viết Đoạn Văn (Writing Task 2)

Topic: Some people think that the government should invest more in public transportation, while others believe that building more roads is a better solution to traffic problems. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Yêu cầu: Viết body paragraph 1 (about 100 words) thảo luận về public transportation view. Sử dụng ít nhất 3 cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề khác nhau.

Your paragraph:

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Bài Tập 5: Speaking Practice (Part 3)

Question: “How has technology changed the way people work?”

Yêu cầu: Viết câu trả lời (60-80 words) sử dụng ít nhất 3 topic introducers khác nhau để tổ chức ý.

Your answer:

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Bài Tập 6: Cải Thiện Câu (Band Upgrade)

Nâng cấp các câu sau từ Band 6 lên Band 8 bằng cách sử dụng topic introducers và cấu trúc phức tạp hơn:

Band 6: “Technology is important in education. Students learn better with computers.”

Band 8: _____

Band 6: “Environmental problems are serious. Governments should do something.”

Band 8: _____

Band 6: “Young people like social media. It affects their mental health.”

Band 8: _____

Đáp Án Chi Tiết

Đáp Án Bài Tập 1:

1. Regarding/Concerning/As for climate change, scientists agree that immediate action is necessary.

   • Giải thích: Ba cấu trúc đều formal và phù hợp với academic context

2. When it comes to/Regarding/In terms of online learning, students have more flexibility in their schedules.

   • Giải thích: “When it comes to” natural nhất, “In terms of” nhấn mạnh aspect

3. As far as economic development is concerned, emerging markets have shown remarkable growth.

   • Giải thích: Cấu trúc “As far as X is concerned” là một khối cố định

4. Regarding/Concerning/As for/When it comes to young people’s career choices, salary is no longer the only consideration.

   • Giải thích: Possessive noun phrase “young people’s career choices” phù hợp với tất cả structures

5. Regarding/Concerning/In terms of/When it comes to public transportation, many cities are investing in metro systems.

   • Giải thích: Multiple correct answers; formality level khác nhau

6. Regarding/Concerning/In terms of/As for the benefits of exercise, both physical and mental health improve significantly.

   • Giải thích: “In terms of” nhấn mạnh aspect of benefits

7. Regarding/Concerning/When it comes to/As for artificial intelligence, ethical concerns have been raised by experts.

   • Giải thích: Tất cả đều grammatically correct; chọn theo register preference

8. Regarding/Concerning/As for/When it comes to solutions to traffic congestion, expanding public transport is most effective.

   • Giải thích: “As for” slight casual hơn những cái khác

9. When it comes to/Regarding/In terms of/As for work-life balance, many employees prioritize flexible working hours.

   • Giải thích: “When it comes to” most natural cho everyday topic

10. Regarding/Concerning/As for/When it comes to traditional vs modern education, there are advantages to both approaches.

    • Giải thích: Comparison structure works với tất cả introducers

11. As far as the impact of social media is concerned, research shows mixed effects.

    • Giải thích: “As far as…is concerned” structure; “is” singular vì subject là “impact”

12. Regarding/Concerning/In terms of/As for healthcare accessibility, rural areas face significant challenges.

    • Giải thích: Abstract noun “accessibility” works với tất cả structures

13. Regarding/Concerning/With respect to/With regard to government policies on environment, stricter regulations are needed.

    • Giải thích: “With respect/regard to” formal formal nhất, phù hợp với policy discussion

14. Regarding/Concerning/As for/When it comes to cultural preservation, young people play a crucial role.

    • Giải thích: Multiple correct options

15. Regarding/Concerning/As for/When it comes to the future of employment, automation will transform many industries.

    • Giải thích: Future topic works với tất cả introducers

Đáp Án Bài Tập 2:

1. ❌ “Regarding to technology” → ✅ “Regarding technology”

   • Giải thích: “Regarding” KHÔNG cần giới từ “to”. Đây là lỗi phổ biến nhất vì học viên bị ảnh hưởng bởi tiếng Việt “liên quan đến”

2. ❌ “When it comes to education, quality…” (thiếu dấu phẩy)

   • Giải thích: Phải có dấu phẩy sau topic introducer

3. ❌ “are concerning” → ✅ “are concerned“

   • Giải thích: “As far as X is/are concerned” (past participle, không phải present participle)

4. ❌ “Concerning about” + thiếu dấu phẩy → ✅ “Concerning environmental issues, governments…”

   • Giải thích: Hai lỗi – không dùng “about” sau “Concerning” VÀ thiếu dấu phẩy

5. ❌ “With respect of” → ✅ “With respect to“

   • Giải thích: “With respect TO” (luôn luôn là “to”, không phải “of”)

6. ❌ “In terms for” → ✅ “In terms of“

   • Giải thích: “In terms OF” (luôn luôn là “of”)

7. ❌ “As for to” → ✅ “As for”

   • Giải thích: “As for” trực tiếp + noun, KHÔNG có “to”

8. ❌ “Regarding how people communicate” (clause) → ✅ “Regarding communication/the way people communicate” (noun phrase)

   • Giải thích: Sau “Regarding” nên dùng noun phrase, không phải clause với how/what/why

9. ❌ “When it comes to,” → ✅ “When it comes to online shopping,“

   • Giải thích: Thiếu topic/object sau “to”; “When it comes to” phải có noun/gerund theo sau

10. ❌ “Concerning the education” → ✅ “Concerning education” hoặc “Concerning the education system“

    • Giải thích: “Education” là abstract noun, không dùng “the” trừ khi có specific modifier

Đáp Án Bài Tập 3:

1. When it comes to a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise is essential.

   • Alternative: “When it comes to maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise plays an essential role.”

2. Regarding environmental protection, individual actions can make a significant difference.

   • Alternative: “Regarding environmental protection, even small individual actions can make a considerable difference.”

3. As far as technology in education is concerned, the benefits far outweigh the drawbacks.

   • Alternative: “As far as integrating technology in education is concerned, I believe the benefits considerably outweigh the drawbacks.”

4. In terms of career success, soft skills are becoming increasingly important.

   • Alternative: “In terms of achieving career success, soft skills such as communication and teamwork are becoming increasingly important.”

5. Concerning traffic problems, improving public transportation would be an effective solution.

   • Alternative: “Concerning urban traffic problems, investing in and improving public transportation systems is crucial.”

6. As for the young generation, they tend to be more open-minded than previous generations.

   • Alternative: “As for the younger generation, they are generally more open-minded and accepting of diversity.”

7. With respect to climate change, governments must take immediate and decisive action.

   • Alternative: “With respect to addressing climate change, governments worldwide must take immediate action before it’s too late.”

8. When it comes to learning languages, immersion is widely considered the most effective method.

   • Alternative: “When it comes to mastering foreign languages, immersion in the target language environment is the most effective method.”

Đáp Án Bài Tập 4:

Sample Body Paragraph 1 (Band 8.0):

“Regarding the argument for public transportation investment, proponents believe that this approach addresses the root cause of congestion. When it comes to environmental benefits, buses and trains produce significantly lower emissions per passenger compared to private vehicles, thereby contributing to cleaner air quality in urban areas. In terms of long-term cost-effectiveness, public transport infrastructure, though expensive initially, serves millions of commuters daily, making it more economical than constantly expanding road networks. As far as social equality is concerned, accessible public transportation ensures that people from all economic backgrounds can commute affordably, reducing inequality in urban mobility.”

Phân tích:

• Sử dụng 4 topic introducers khác nhau: Regarding, When it comes to, In terms of, As far as…is concerned
• Mỗi introducer mở đầu một supporting point mới
• Coherence cao với clear organization
• Vocabulary: proponents, root cause, emissions per passenger, cost-effectiveness, economic backgrounds
• Grammar range: complex sentences, comparative structures, present participle clauses

Đáp Án Bài Tập 5:

Sample Answer (Band 8.5):

“Technology has revolutionized the modern workplace in numerous ways. When it comes to communication, tools like video conferencing and instant messaging have made remote collaboration seamless, eliminating the need for physical presence. Regarding productivity, cloud-based software and automation have streamlined repetitive tasks, allowing employees to focus on more creative and strategic work. As far as flexibility is concerned, technology has enabled the rise of remote work and flexible schedules, which many professionals now consider essential for work-life balance. However, these changes have also created challenges such as digital overload and blurred boundaries between work and personal time.”

Phân tích:

• 3 topic introducers: When it comes to, Regarding, As far as…is concerned
• Mỗi introducer marks một aspect khác nhau: communication, productivity, flexibility
• Includes critical thinking với “However” showing balanced view
• Natural flow với linking words
• Word count: 98 words (phù hợp Speaking Part 3 extended answer)

Đáp Án Bài Tập 6:

1. Technology in education:

Band 6: “Technology is important in education. Students learn better with computers.”

Band 8: “When it comes to education, technology has become increasingly indispensable. Regarding students’ learning outcomes, research suggests that those who utilize digital tools and computers demonstrate improved engagement and comprehension compared to traditional methods.”

Improvements:

• Added topic introducers for structure
• Changed “important” → “indispensable” (higher-level vocabulary)
• Changed “learn better” → “demonstrate improved engagement and comprehension” (academic phrasing)
• Added “research suggests” (evidential language for Band 8)
• Used relative clause “those who utilize…”

2. Environmental problems:

Band 6: “Environmental problems are serious. Governments should do something.”

Band 8: “Concerning environmental degradation, the situation has reached a critical point. As far as governmental responsibility is concerned, policymakers must implement stringent regulations and invest in sustainable technologies rather than merely acknowledging the problem.”

Improvements:

• “Environmental problems” → “environmental degradation” (more academic)
• “are serious” → “has reached a critical point” (stronger expression)
• “should do something” → “must implement stringent regulations and invest…” (specific actions + modal “must” stronger than “should”)
• Added contrast with “rather than merely acknowledging”
• Two sophisticated topic introducers

3. Social media and mental health:

Band 6: “Young people like social media. It affects their mental health.”

Band 8: “When it comes to social media usage among young people, while these platforms have become integral to their social lives, regarding the psychological impact, emerging research indicates significant correlations between excessive use and mental health issues such as anxiety and depression.”

Improvements:

• “like” → “these platforms have become integral to their social lives” (academic expression)
• “affects” → “emerging research indicates significant correlations between” (evidential + academic phrasing)
• Added concessive clause “while…” to show critical thinking
• Specified mental health issues: “anxiety and depression”
• Two topic introducers creating sophisticated structure
• Changed simple sentences to one complex sentence với subordination

Kết Bài

Kỹ năng giới thiệu chủ đề (Concerning Topic Introduction) là công cụ không thể thiếu để đạt điểm cao trong IELTS, đặc biệt từ Band 7.0 trở lên. Thông qua bài viết này, bạn đã học được 15+ cấu trúc từ cơ bản đến nâng cao, hiểu rõ cách vận dụng vào từng phần thi Speaking và Writing, cũng như nắm vững các lỗi phổ biến cần tránh.

Điểm quan trọng cần nhớ:

• Luôn luôn có dấu phẩy sau cụm giới thiệu chủ đề
• Chọn cấu trúc phù hợp với register (formal level) của từng phần thi
• Đa dạng hóa các topic introducers – không lặp lại cùng một cấu trúc
• Sử dụng noun phrase chứ không phải clause sau most introducers (trừ “when it comes to”)
• Tích hợp với các cấu trúc phức khác để đạt Band 8-9

Roadmap luyện tập:

Tuần 1-2: Nắm vững cơ bản

• Học thuộc 7 cấu trúc chính và prepositions đi kèm
• Làm Bài tập 1 & 2 hàng ngày
• Practice comma placement trong Writing

Tuần 3-4: Vận dụng vào Speaking

• Ghi âm câu trả lời Speaking Part 2 & 3 sử dụng 3-4 topic introducers
• Tự sửa lỗi và improve
• Practice fluency với pauses tại vị trí dấu phẩy

Tuần 5-6: Master Writing Task 2

• Viết 10 body paragraphs về các topics khác nhau
• Mỗi paragraph sử dụng 2-3 topic introducers khác nhau
• Focus on coherence & cohesion

Tuần 7-8: Advanced Integration

• Kết hợp topic introducers với relative clauses, conditionals, passive voice
• Practice Band 8-9 collocations
• Write full essays và speaking responses

Đề Luyện Tập

Speaking Topics:

1. Describe a technological device that has changed your life

   • Yêu cầu: Use “When it comes to technology,” “Regarding its impact,” “As for the future” trong câu trả lời

2. Talk about environmental problems in your country

   • Yêu cầu: Use “Concerning environmental issues,” “In terms of solutions,” “As far as government action is concerned”

3. Discuss how education has changed in recent years

   • Yêu cầu: Use “Regarding educational reforms,” “When it comes to teaching methods,” “As for students”

4. Describe the benefits and drawbacks of working from home

   • Yêu cầu: Use different topic introducers for benefits vs drawbacks sections

5. Talk about the role of social media in modern society

   • Yêu cầu: Practice transitioning between different aspects using various introducers

Writing Task 2 Topics:

1. Opinion Essay: “Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.”

   • Yêu cầu: Mỗi body paragraph bắt đầu với topic introducer khác nhau; use at least 5 different structures trong cả bài

2. Problem-Solution Essay: “In many countries, the quality of life in large cities is becoming worse. What are the causes of this problem? What measures could be taken to solve it?”

   • Yêu cầu: Causes paragraph: use 3 introducers; Solutions paragraph: use 3 different introducers

3. Discussion Essay: “Some people believe that economic development is the most important factor in measuring a country’s success, while others think there are other important factors. Discuss both views.”

   • Yêu cầu: Clearly separate the two views using contrasting topic introducers

4. Advantage-Disadvantage Essay: “More and more people are working from home. Do the advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?”

   • Yêu cầu: Use different introducers for each advantage and disadvantage; include “In terms of,” “As far as…is concerned,” “With respect to”

5. Two-part Question: “Many young people today spend too much time following celebrities on social media. Why is this happening? What are the consequences?”

   • Yêu cầu: Part 1 (causes): 3 topic introducers; Part 2 (consequences): 3 different introducers

Challenge Tasks (Band 8-9):

1. Viết một essay hoàn chỉnh 280 words sử dụng 8 topic introducers khác nhau mà không lặp lại và không làm mất tính tự nhiên

2. Record một Speaking Part 3 response (2 phút) covering 3 aspects of a topic, using một topic introducer khác nhau cho mỗi aspect với natural fluency

3. Rewrite 5 Band 6 essays thành Band 8 bằng cách thêm topic introducers và sophisticated structures

Yêu cầu chung: Mỗi đề phải sử dụng cấu trúc giới thiệu chủ đề ít nhất 3-5 lần một cách tự nhiên, phù hợp với ngữ cảnh và thể hiện grammatical range rõ ràng. Không lạm dụng đến mức làm mất tính tự nhiên của câu văn.

Chúc bạn luyện tập hiệu quả và đạt band điểm mong muốn trong kỳ thi IELTS!