Giới Thiệu Về Cấu Trúc “What This Means Is That”
“What This Means Is That” là một cấu trúc ngữ pháp nâng cao thường xuất hiện trong kỳ thi IELTS, đặc biệt ở Speaking Part 3 và Writing Task 2. Cấu trúc này được sử dụng để giải thích, làm rõ hoặc diễn giải ý nghĩa của một tình huống, sự việc hay quan điểm đã được đề cập trước đó. Đây là công cụ hiệu quả giúp thí sinh thể hiện khả năng phân tích sâu sắc và trình bày luận điểm một cách mạch lạc.
Theo phân tích từ Cambridge IELTS 13-19, cấu trúc này xuất hiện với tần suất cao trong các bài mẫu Band 8.0+, đặc biệt trong:
- Speaking Part 3: Khi giải thích quan điểm phức tạp hoặc phân tích xu hướng xã hội
- Writing Task 2: Trong đoạn thân bài để làm rõ luận điểm và phát triển ý tưởng
- Academic discussions: Khi cần kết nối ý tưởng và đưa ra kết luận logic
Ví Dụ Vận Dụng Trong IELTS
Speaking Part 3 (Discussing social trends):
“Young people today spend much more time online than previous generations. What this means is that traditional forms of socializing, like face-to-face meetings, are becoming less common.”
→ Phân tích: Sử dụng cấu trúc để kết nối quan sát với hệ quả xã hội.
Writing Task 2 (Opinion essay – Education):
“Universities are increasingly offering online courses instead of traditional classroom-based programs. What this means is that students now have greater flexibility in managing their study schedules while maintaining full-time employment.”
→ Phân tích: Cấu trúc giúp giải thích tác động thực tế của xu hướng giáo dục.
Speaking Part 3 (Environmental issues):
“Many cities have introduced congestion charges for vehicles entering the city center. What this means is that people are being financially incentivized to use public transportation instead of private cars.”
→ Phân tích: Làm rõ mục đích và kết quả dự kiến của chính sách.
Writing Task 2 (Problem-Solution essay):
“Research shows that childhood obesity rates have doubled in the last decade. What this means is that urgent action is required from both governments and parents to address this growing health crisis.”
→ Phân tích: Kết nối dữ liệu với hành động cần thiết.
Speaking Part 3 (Technology impact):
“Artificial intelligence is now capable of performing tasks that once required human expertise. What this means is that the job market will undergo significant transformation, with some professions becoming obsolete while new ones emerge.”
→ Phân tích: Sử dụng cấu trúc để dự đoán xu hướng tương lai dựa trên hiện tại.
Nội Dung Bài Viết
Trong bài viết này, bạn sẽ học:
✅ Định nghĩa và chức năng của cấu trúc “What This Means Is That”
✅ Công thức chi tiết với các thành phần câu và biến thể
✅ Cách vận dụng hiệu quả vào 4 kỹ năng IELTS
✅ 25+ câu ví dụ Band 7-9 từ các tình huống thực tế
✅ Các biến thể nâng cao và cách paraphrase để đạt Band 8+
✅ Lỗi thường gặp của học viên Việt Nam và cách khắc phục
✅ Bài tập thực hành có đáp án chi tiết
“What This Means Is That” Là Gì?
Định Nghĩa
“What This Means Is That” là một cấu trúc ngữ pháp phức hợp (complex structure) được sử dụng để giải thích hoặc diễn giải ý nghĩa, hệ quả, hoặc tác động của một tình huống, sự kiện, hoặc quan điểm đã được đề cập trước đó. Cấu trúc này thường đóng vai trò như một “cầu nối logic” (logical bridge) giữa nguyên nhân và kết quả, giữa hiện tượng và giải thích.
Chức năng chính:
- Giải thích và làm rõ: Diễn giải ý nghĩa sâu xa của một tình huống hoặc quan điểm
- Kết nối logic: Liên kết nguyên nhân với kết quả một cách mạch lạc
- Phát triển ý tưởng: Mở rộng luận điểm bằng cách đưa ra hệ quả hoặc ứng dụng thực tế
- Thể hiện tư duy phân tích: Chứng minh khả năng suy luận và phân tích sâu sắc
Khi nào dùng trong IELTS:
- Speaking Part 3: Khi examiner hỏi về tác động, xu hướng, hoặc yêu cầu giải thích quan điểm
- Writing Task 2: Trong đoạn thân bài để phát triển main idea, đặc biệt trong Opinion, Problem-Solution, và Discussion essays
- Academic contexts: Khi cần thể hiện khả năng phân tích và suy luận ở trình độ cao
Tần Suất Xuất Hiện Trong IELTS
Theo phân tích từ Cambridge IELTS 13-19:
Speaking:
- Part 1: Hiếm (5%) – Quá phức tạp cho câu hỏi ngắn về thông tin cá nhân
- Part 2: Trung bình (25%) – Có thể dùng khi giải thích tại sao một trải nghiệm quan trọng
- Part 3: Cao (60%) – Rất phù hợp cho câu hỏi phân tích, so sánh, dự đoán xu hướng
Writing:
- Task 1: Thấp (10%) – Ít cần thiết trong report mô tả dữ liệu, trừ khi giải thích xu hướng
- Task 2: Cao (70%) – Xuất hiện thường xuyên trong các đoạn thân bài của mọi dạng essay, đặc biệt Opinion và Problem-Solution
Listening/Reading:
- Xuất hiện thường xuyên trong các bài nghe/đọc học thuật (academic contexts)
- Cần nhận diện để hiểu mối quan hệ nhân quả và luận điểm chính của tác giả
- Thường đi kèm với markers như “consequently,” “as a result,” “therefore”
Band Score Impact:
- Band 6: Hiếm khi sử dụng, chủ yếu dùng các liên từ đơn giản như “so,” “because”
- Band 7: Có thể sử dụng cấu trúc này nhưng chưa tự nhiên, đôi khi còn lúng túng
- Band 8-9: Sử dụng linh hoạt, tự nhiên trong nhiều ngữ cảnh khác nhau, kết hợp với các cấu trúc phức tạp khác, không có lỗi ngữ pháp
Cấu trúc ngữ pháp What This Means Is That giúp giải thích và kết nối ý tưởng trong IELTS Speaking và Writing
Công Thức & Cấu Trúc
Công Thức Cơ Bản
📌 CÔNG THỨC CHÍNH:
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ [Statement/Situation] + What this means is that + [Explanation/Consequence] │
│ │
│ Ví dụ: Technology has changed how we communicate. │
│ What this means is that people can now stay │
│ connected regardless of distance. │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘Thành phần câu:
- Statement/Situation (Tình huống/Phát biểu ban đầu): Một câu hoàn chỉnh mô tả hiện tượng, xu hướng, hoặc quan điểm cần được giải thích
- What this means is that: Cụm từ nối (transitional phrase) đóng vai trò giới thiệu phần giải thích
- Explanation/Consequence (Giải thích/Hệ quả): Một mệnh đề hoàn chỉnh làm rõ ý nghĩa, tác động, hoặc hệ quả của tình huống ban đầu
Ví dụ phân tích chi tiết:
Câu: “The government has introduced higher taxes on sugary drinks. What this means is that consumers will likely choose healthier alternatives.”
Phân tích:
- Statement: “The government has introduced higher taxes on sugary drinks” (Chính phủ đã áp dụng thuế cao hơn cho đồ uống có đường)
- Transitional phrase: “What this means is that” (Điều này có nghĩa là)
- Explanation: “consumers will likely choose healthier alternatives” (người tiêu dùng có khả năng sẽ chọn các lựa chọn lành mạnh hơn)
- Function: Kết nối chính sách (cause) với hành vi dự đoán (expected effect)
Các Biến Thể
Dạng cơ bản (Present tense):
Formula: Statement (Present) + What this means is that + Result/Explanation (Present)
Example: “Many companies now allow remote work. What this means is that employees have more flexibility in managing their work-life balance.”
Dạng quá khứ (Past reference):
Formula: Statement (Past) + What this meant/means is that + Result/Explanation
Example: “The pandemic forced schools to adopt online learning. What this meant was that teachers had to quickly develop new digital teaching skills.”
Dạng tương lai (Future implication):
Formula: Statement (Present/Future) + What this means is that + Future consequence
Example: “Climate change is accelerating. What this means is that future generations will face unprecedented environmental challenges.”
Dạng với modal verbs (Khả năng/Dự đoán):
Formula: Statement + What this means is that + Modal verb + Consequence
Example: “Automation is replacing manual labor. What this means is that workers may need to retrain for new types of jobs.”
Dạng phức tạp với mệnh đề phụ:
Formula: Complex statement + What this means is that + Complex explanation with subordinate clause
Example: “Studies have shown that bilingual children develop better cognitive skills. What this means is that, even though language learning requires significant time investment, the long-term benefits for children’s intellectual development are substantial.”
Các Cụm Từ Tương Đương (Paraphrasing)
Để tránh lặp lại và thể hiện vocabulary range, bạn có thể sử dụng các biến thể sau:
| Cấu trúc gốc | Biến thể | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| What this means is that | What this implies is that | “Unemployment is rising. What this implies is that economic recovery will take longer than expected.” |
| What this means is that | The implication of this is that | “Technology is advancing rapidly. The implication of this is that education systems must adapt continuously.” |
| What this means is that | In other words | “Traffic congestion costs billions annually. In other words, inefficient transportation has serious economic consequences.” |
| What this means is that | This suggests that | “Young people prefer digital communication. This suggests that traditional media will continue to decline.” |
| What this means is that | Put simply | “The research findings were inconclusive. Put simply, we need more data before making recommendations.” |
| What this means is that | Essentially, this indicates that | “Consumer spending has decreased. Essentially, this indicates that people are becoming more cautious about finances.” |
Lưu ý quan trọng: Các biến thể này có sắc thái (nuance) khác nhau:
- “What this implies” – Nhấn mạnh ý nghĩa ngầm định
- “In other words” – Diễn đạt lại bằng cách đơn giản hơn
- “Put simply” – Làm rõ một cách súc tích
- “This suggests” – Đưa ra suy luận dựa trên bằng chứng
Cách Vận Dụng Vào IELTS Speaking
Speaking Part 1 – Introduction & Interview
Topic thường gặp: Hometown, Work/Study, Hobbies, Technology
Mặc dù Part 1 thường yêu cầu câu trả lời ngắn gọn, việc sử dụng cấu trúc này một cách tự nhiên có thể nâng cao điểm số, nhưng cần chú ý không nên quá dài dòng.
Ví dụ câu hỏi & trả lời:
Q: “How has your hometown changed in recent years?”
A: “Well, my hometown has undergone quite significant development, particularly in terms of infrastructure. New shopping malls and apartment complexes have been built everywhere. What this means is that residents now have access to more modern facilities and entertainment options than before. However, it’s also become more crowded and expensive.”
→ Phân tích: Sử dụng cấu trúc để kết nối sự thay đổi vật chất với tác động đến cuộc sống người dân, thể hiện khả năng phân tích cause-effect.
Q: “Do you think technology has changed the way people work?”
A: “Absolutely. Technology has revolutionized the workplace in countless ways. For instance, video conferencing tools have become essential. What this means is that people can now collaborate with colleagues across the globe without leaving their desks, making international business much more efficient.”
→ Phân tích: Đưa ví dụ cụ thể trước khi sử dụng cấu trúc giải thích, tạo sự mạch lạc và thuyết phục.
Speaking Part 2 – Long Turn
Cue card example:
Describe a change that could improve your local area.
Sample answer (trích đoạn):
“I’d like to talk about the need for more green spaces in my neighborhood. Currently, most of the area is dominated by concrete buildings and roads, with very few parks or gardens. What this means is that residents, especially children and elderly people, have limited opportunities for outdoor recreation and exercise.
If the local government could convert some vacant lots into community parks, it would make a tremendous difference. What this means is that people would have safe, accessible places to relax, socialize, and stay active. From my perspective, this kind of investment in public spaces doesn’t just improve physical health; what it really means is that the entire community becomes more connected and vibrant.”
→ Phân tích:
- Sử dụng cấu trúc 3 lần trong một đáp án Part 2 (khoảng 2 phút)
- Lần 1: Giải thích vấn đề hiện tại
- Lần 2: Giải thích lợi ích của giải pháp
- Lần 3: Mở rộng sang tác động xã hội rộng hơn
- Thể hiện khả năng phát triển ý tưởng từ cơ bản đến phức tạp
Speaking Part 3 – Discussion
Part 3 là nơi lý tưởng nhất để sử dụng cấu trúc “What this means is that” vì các câu hỏi thường yêu cầu phân tích, so sánh, hoặc dự đoán xu hướng.
Typical questions và sample answers:
Q: “How has social media affected the way people communicate?”
A (Band 8+ response): “Social media has fundamentally transformed communication patterns. On one hand, platforms like Facebook and Instagram allow people to maintain connections with friends and family regardless of geographical distance. What this means is that relationships that might have faded in the past can now be sustained much more easily.
However, there’s also a downside. Many people now prioritize online interactions over face-to-face conversations. What this means is that while we may have more contacts, the depth and quality of our relationships might actually be diminishing. Some researchers even argue that this shift has contributed to rising feelings of loneliness and isolation, despite being more ‘connected’ than ever before.”
→ Band 8+ features:
- Balanced argument (both positive and negative aspects)
- Sử dụng cấu trúc 2 lần để giải thích hai khía cạnh khác nhau
- Vocabulary nâng cao: “fundamentally transformed,” “sustained,” “diminishing”
- Tham chiếu research để tăng tính học thuật
Q: “What impact do you think artificial intelligence will have on employment?”
A (Band 8+ response): “This is quite a complex issue with both immediate and long-term implications. In the short term, AI is already automating routine tasks in industries like manufacturing and customer service. What this means is that workers in these sectors may face job displacement and will need to adapt by acquiring new skills.
However, looking at the bigger picture, history shows us that technological revolutions typically create more jobs than they eliminate, though the types of jobs change dramatically. What this means is that rather than causing permanent unemployment, AI will likely transform the job market, with new roles emerging that we perhaps can’t even imagine yet. The key challenge for society is ensuring that education systems can prepare people for this transition.”
→ Band 9 features:
- Sophisticated analysis với multiple timeframes (short-term vs. long-term)
- Historical perspective để support argument
- Sử dụng cấu trúc 2 lần ở các mức độ phân tích khác nhau
- Kết luận với practical implication
- Advanced vocabulary và complex sentence structures
Q: “Why do you think people’s eating habits have changed in recent decades?”
A: “There are several factors at play here. Firstly, urbanization has meant that more people live fast-paced lifestyles with less time for cooking. What this means is that convenience foods and takeaway meals have become increasingly popular, even though they’re often less healthy than home-cooked alternatives.
Additionally, globalization has exposed people to diverse cuisines from around the world. What this means is that dietary choices have expanded significantly, but it’s also led to the homogenization of food culture in some ways, with international fast-food chains now present in almost every country.”
→ Phân tích:
- Multiple causes được giải thích bằng cấu trúc
- Linking words rõ ràng (Firstly, Additionally)
- Balanced view (positive and negative consequences)
Cách áp dụng cấu trúc What This Means Is That trong IELTS Speaking Part 3 để phân tích vấn đề xã hội
Cách Vận Dụng Vào IELTS Writing
Writing Task 1 – Khi Nào Sử Dụng
Cấu trúc “What this means is that” ít phổ biến trong Task 1 vì Task 1 chủ yếu yêu cầu mô tả và so sánh dữ liệu khách quan, không phải giải thích hoặc phân tích sâu. Tuy nhiên, có một số trường hợp cụ thể bạn có thể sử dụng:
Khi nào dùng:
- Trong phần overview/summary: Khi tóm tắt xu hướng chính và giải thích ý nghĩa tổng thể
- Process diagram: Khi giải thích mục đích hoặc kết quả của một bước trong quy trình
- Map comparison: Khi mô tả sự thay đổi có tác động rõ ràng đến khu vực
Ví dụ Line Graph (Urban vs Rural population):
“The graph illustrates population trends in urban and rural areas from 1950 to 2020. Overall, urban populations increased dramatically from 30% to 75% of the total, while rural populations showed the opposite trend. What this means is that the country has undergone significant urbanization, with the majority of citizens now living in cities rather than countryside.”
→ Vận dụng: Sử dụng trong overview để giải thích ý nghĩa tổng thể của xu hướng, không chỉ mô tả con số.
Ví dụ Process Diagram (Water treatment):
“In the filtration stage, water passes through several layers of sand and gravel. What this means is that large impurities and sediment are removed before the water proceeds to the chemical treatment phase.”
→ Vận dụng: Giải thích mục đích của một bước trong quy trình.
Lưu ý: Chỉ sử dụng 1-2 lần tối đa trong Task 1, và chỉ khi cần giải thích ý nghĩa, không phải mô tả dữ liệu thuần túy. Lạm dụng sẽ làm bài viết trở nên quá subjective (chủ quan).
Writing Task 2 – Các Dạng Essay
Task 2 là nơi lý tưởng để sử dụng cấu trúc này, đặc biệt trong body paragraphs để phát triển main ideas.
Opinion Essay (Agree/Disagree)
Topic: “Some people believe that universities should only offer subjects that are useful for the future, such as science and technology. Others believe that universities should offer a wide range of subjects, including arts and humanities. Discuss both views and give your opinion.”
Body Paragraph Sample (Band 8):
“Proponents of specialized education argue that universities should focus resources on subjects with clear economic benefits. They point out that STEM fields directly contribute to innovation and economic growth, while graduates in these areas typically enjoy higher employment rates and salaries. What this means is that prioritizing science and technology programs could be seen as a more efficient use of limited educational funding and better preparation for students’ careers.
However, this view overlooks the broader role of higher education in society. Arts and humanities subjects develop critical thinking, creativity, and cultural awareness – skills that are increasingly valuable in our complex, globalized world. What this means is that a purely utilitarian approach to education might produce technically skilled workers but fail to cultivate well-rounded citizens capable of addressing multifaceted social challenges.”
→ Phân tích:
- Sử dụng cấu trúc 2 lần để giải thích cả hai quan điểm
- Mỗi lần kết nối luận điểm với hệ quả logic
- Từ vựng học thuật: “proponents,” “utilitarian approach,” “multifaceted”
- Cấu trúc câu phức tạp với mệnh đề phụ
Problem-Solution Essay
Topic: “In many countries, childhood obesity is becoming a serious problem. What are the causes of this, and what measures can be taken to solve it?”
Problem Paragraph (Band 8+):
“One primary cause of childhood obesity is the proliferation of sedentary entertainment options. Modern children spend an average of six hours daily on screens – watching television, playing video games, or browsing social media. What this means is that physical activity levels have declined dramatically compared to previous generations, when children typically played outdoors after school. This shift in lifestyle patterns, combined with the availability of high-calorie processed foods, creates an environment where excessive weight gain becomes almost inevitable for many young people.”
Solution Paragraph (Band 8+):
“Schools can play a crucial role in addressing this crisis by expanding physical education programs and providing nutritious meal options. For instance, some countries have implemented mandatory daily PE classes and banned junk food from school cafeterias. What this means is that children are guaranteed a certain level of physical activity and exposure to healthy eating habits, regardless of their home environment. While parental involvement remains essential, institutional support ensures that all children benefit from health-promoting policies.”
→ Phân tích:
- Problem paragraph: Cấu trúc kết nối nguyên nhân với hệ quả
- Solution paragraph: Cấu trúc kết nối giải pháp với lợi ích dự kiến
- Supporting evidence: Statistics và examples cụ thể
- Cohesion: Clear topic sentences và logical flow
Discussion Essay (Discuss Both Views)
Topic: “Some people think that the increasing use of computers and mobile phones for communication has had a negative effect on young people’s reading and writing skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree?”
Body Paragraph 1 (Negative view – Band 8):
“Critics of digital communication argue that abbreviated language and informal writing styles common in text messages and social media posts are degrading literacy standards. Young people frequently use acronyms like ‘LOL’ or ‘BTW’ and often ignore proper grammar and spelling rules in digital contexts. What this means is that these habits may transfer to formal writing situations, such as academic essays or professional emails, where such informality is inappropriate. Furthermore, the brevity required by platforms like Twitter limits opportunities to develop complex sentence structures and extended arguments.”
Body Paragraph 2 (Positive view – Band 8):
“However, other researchers suggest that digital communication has actually expanded literacy practices rather than diminished them. Young people today write more frequently than any previous generation – through messages, posts, blogs, and comments. What this means is that they are constantly engaged in written expression and negotiating meaning through text, even if the formats differ from traditional academic writing. Moreover, the ability to adapt writing style to different audiences and contexts – formal emails versus casual texts – demonstrates sophisticated metalinguistic awareness.”
→ Phân tích:
- Balanced discussion với both perspectives
- Mỗi paragraph sử dụng cấu trúc để giải thích implications
- Evidence: Research references và specific examples
- Vocabulary: Academic collocations như “degrading literacy standards,” “metalinguistic awareness”
Advantage-Disadvantage Essay
Topic: “More and more people are working from home. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this trend?”
Advantage Paragraph (Band 8):
“The flexibility offered by remote work arrangements provides significant benefits for employees’ work-life balance. Workers can eliminate commuting time, which in major cities often exceeds two hours daily, and instead use this time for family, exercise, or leisure activities. What this means is that people experience reduced stress levels and improved quality of life, which paradoxically often leads to increased productivity rather than decreased output. Companies also benefit through reduced overhead costs for office space and utilities, allowing them to invest resources elsewhere or offer more competitive salaries.”
Disadvantage Paragraph (Band 8):
“On the other hand, remote work can blur the boundaries between professional and personal life. Without the physical separation of leaving an office, many workers find themselves responding to emails late at night or working through weekends. What this means is that the flexibility intended to improve work-life balance may actually result in longer working hours and difficulty ‘switching off’ from work mode. Additionally, the lack of face-to-face interaction can hinder collaboration, spontaneous idea-sharing, and the development of workplace relationships that contribute to job satisfaction.”
→ Phân tích:
- Parallel structure trong cả hai paragraphs
- Cấu trúc được sử dụng để explain deeper implications
- Counterintuitive point: “paradoxically often leads to increased productivity”
- Specific details: “two hours daily,” “late at night or working through weekends”
Sơ đồ phát triển ý tưởng trong IELTS Writing Task 2 sử dụng cấu trúc What This Means Is That để giải thích luận điểm
Sample Paragraphs Band 7-9
Band 7 Sample – Clear and Accurate
Topic: Environmental protection
“Environmental problems have become increasingly serious in recent decades. Industries continue to emit large amounts of greenhouse gases, contributing to global warming. What this means is that temperatures are rising and weather patterns are changing. Governments need to take action by implementing stricter environmental regulations. Some countries have already introduced carbon taxes. What this means is that companies must pay for their pollution, which encourages them to adopt cleaner technologies.”
Phân tích Band 7:
- Sử dụng cấu trúc 2 lần chính xác về mặt ngữ pháp
- Ideas rõ ràng và relevant
- Vocabulary phù hợp: “emit,” “greenhouse gases,” “carbon taxes”
- Hạn chế: Sentence structures tương đối simple, thiếu complexity và sophistication
Band 8 Sample – Complex and Natural
Topic: Urbanization and community life
“The rapid urbanization witnessed in developing countries over the past three decades has fundamentally altered traditional community structures. Extended families that once lived in close proximity have been fragmented as younger generations migrate to cities in search of employment opportunities. What this means is that the support networks that previously existed – grandparents caring for children, neighbors assisting during emergencies, shared cultural practices – are gradually dissolving. This erosion of community bonds has profound implications for social cohesion and individual wellbeing.
Furthermore, urban planning that prioritizes efficiency over community spaces has exacerbated this trend. High-rise apartment buildings with limited communal areas and car-dependent infrastructure that discourages street-level interaction create physical environments that isolate residents from one another. What this means is that, even when people live in densely populated areas, they may experience greater loneliness than those in rural communities, paradoxically making cities both crowded and isolating simultaneously.”
Phân tích Band 8:
- Sử dụng cấu trúc 2 lần trong contexts khác nhau
- Complex sentence structures: “Extended families that once lived…” (relative clause)
- Sophisticated vocabulary: “fragmented,” “exacerbated,” “paradoxically”
- Clear cohesion: “Furthermore,” logical connections
- Depth of analysis: Kết nối multiple factors và consequences
- Natural flow: Cấu trúc được tích hợp seamlessly
Band 9 Sample – Sophisticated and Nuanced
Topic: Technology and education transformation
“The integration of technology into educational systems represents far more than a simple substitution of digital tools for traditional materials; it constitutes a fundamental reconceptualization of the learning process itself. When students can access comprehensive information on virtually any topic within seconds, the role of the educator necessarily shifts from being the primary source of knowledge to becoming a facilitator who helps learners navigate, evaluate, and synthesize information from multiple sources. What this means is that educational success is increasingly defined not by the ability to memorize facts, but by the capacity to think critically, distinguish credible sources from misinformation, and construct meaningful understanding from disparate information – skills that, while more demanding to teach and assess, are infinitely more valuable in our information-saturated society.
However, this technological transformation also raises significant equity concerns that cannot be overlooked. The ‘digital divide’ – the gap between those with reliable access to technology and those without – has emerged as a critical determinant of educational outcomes, potentially exacerbating existing inequalities based on socioeconomic status. What this means is that, unless governments and educational institutions take deliberate action to ensure universal access to technology and digital literacy training, the very tools intended to democratize education may inadvertently create new barriers, widening rather than narrowing the opportunity gap between privileged and disadvantaged students. This paradox underscores the complex interplay between technological innovation and social justice that must be carefully navigated in educational policy.”
Phân tích Band 9:
- Thesis sophistication: “represents far more than… it constitutes a fundamental reconceptualization”
- Sử dụng cấu trúc 2 lần với highly complex explanations
- Grammatical range:
- Semicolons for related ideas
- Dash for parenthetical information
- Multiple embedded clauses
- Parallel structures
- Vocabulary sophistication: “reconceptualization,” “disparate,” “inadvertently,” “paradox”
- Conceptual depth:
- Distinguishes between surface change and fundamental transformation
- Identifies paradox in technology’s role
- Connects to broader social issues (equity, justice)
- Critical thinking: Presents nuanced view with multiple perspectives
- Natural integration: Cấu trúc flows naturally, không forced
- Cohesion devices: Advanced linking (“However,” “This paradox underscores”)
Sự khác biệt chính giữa các bands:
| Yếu tố | Band 7 | Band 8 | Band 9 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sentence complexity | Mostly simple-complex | Complex with subordination | Highly complex with multiple clauses |
| Vocabulary | Appropriate | Sophisticated | Precise and nuanced |
| Idea development | Clear | Detailed | Deeply analytical |
| Natural flow | Good | Very good | Seamless |
| Critical thinking | Present | Strong | Exceptional |
Nâng Cao – Cách Dùng Để Đạt Band 8+
Kết Hợp Với Các Cấu Trúc Khác
Để đạt Band 8+, bạn cần thể hiện grammatical range bằng cách kết hợp “What this means is that” với các cấu trúc phức tạp khác.
Kết hợp với Relative Clauses
Example 1 (Defining relative clause):
“The study examined patterns among millennials who grew up with smartphones. What this means is that the findings may not apply to older generations who adopted technology later in life.”
→ Band 8+ features: Relative clause bổ sung thông tin quan trọng, tạo sentence complexity
Example 2 (Non-defining relative clause):
“Online education platforms, which have proliferated during the pandemic, have demonstrated both strengths and limitations. What this means is that, while digital learning will undoubtedly remain part of educational systems, it cannot entirely replace traditional classroom instruction, which offers irreplaceable social interaction and immediate feedback.”
→ Band 9 features: Multiple non-defining clauses, balanced analysis, sophisticated vocabulary
Kết hợp với Conditional Sentences
Example 1 (Type 1 – Real possibility):
“If governments implement comprehensive renewable energy policies now, carbon emissions could be reduced by 40% within a decade. What this means is that the climate targets set by international agreements are actually achievable if political will exists.”
→ Band 8 features: Conditional showing cause-effect relationship, cấu trúc giải thích implication
Example 2 (Type 2 – Hypothetical):
“If education systems prioritized creativity as much as standardized test scores, students would develop more diverse skill sets. What this means is that our current approach may be limiting human potential by focusing too narrowly on measurable outcomes.”
→ Band 8+ features: Hypothetical scenario để critique current system
Example 3 (Mixed conditional):
“If previous generations had invested more in environmental protection, we would not be facing such severe climate challenges today. What this means is that the actions we take now will determine the world future generations inherit, making immediate intervention not just advisable but morally imperative.”
→ Band 9 features: Mixed conditional showing past-present connection, moral/ethical dimension
Kết hợp với Passive Voice
Example 1 (Simple passive):
“Significant investments have been made in public transportation infrastructure in recent years. What this means is that urban residents now have viable alternatives to private car ownership, potentially reducing both traffic congestion and air pollution.”
→ Band 7+ features: Passive voice focusing on action rather than agent, clear consequences
Example 2 (Complex passive):
“While progress has been acknowledged by international organizations, critics argue that targets have not been met and promises have been repeatedly broken. What this means is that the credibility of global climate commitments is being undermined, making it increasingly difficult to mobilize public support for necessary but costly environmental policies.”
→ Band 8+ features: Multiple passive constructions, critique of institutional action, complex causation
Example 3 (Passive with modal verbs):
“These findings suggest that educational outcomes can be significantly improved if technology is integrated thoughtfully rather than simply added to existing practices. What this means is that successful digital transformation must be accompanied by comprehensive teacher training and curriculum redesign, not merely the distribution of devices.”
→ Band 9 features: Passive modal construction showing possibility, sophisticated distinction between surface and meaningful change
Kết hợp với Inversion for Emphasis
Example 1:
“Not only has social media changed how we communicate, but it has also transformed how information spreads and opinions form. What this means is that modern democratic processes are now influenced by algorithms and platform designs that few people understand.”
→ Band 8+ features: “Not only… but also” inversion, complex societal analysis
Example 2:
“Rarely do we consider the full environmental cost of our consumption habits. What this means is that the true price of many products – including their carbon footprint and resource depletion – remains hidden from consumers, allowing unsustainable practices to continue unchallenged.”
→ Band 9 features: Inversion with “rarely,” critique of hidden costs, environmental awareness
Example 3:
“Never before have humans had access to such vast amounts of information, yet paradoxically, misinformation has become a serious threat. What this means is that information literacy – the ability to evaluate sources critically – has become as fundamental a skill as traditional literacy itself.”
→ Band 9 features: “Never before” inversion, paradox identification, conceptual analysis
Cụm Từ Nâng Cao Kết Hợp
Academic collocations using “What this means is that”:
| Collocation | Ví dụ | Band Level |
|---|---|---|
| profound implications | “Artificial intelligence is advancing exponentially. What this means is that the profound implications for employment and society require immediate policy attention.” | 8+ |
| far-reaching consequences | “Deforestation rates continue to accelerate. What this means is that the far-reaching consequences will extend beyond environmental damage to affect global food security and climate stability.” | 8+ |
| fundamental transformation | “Remote work has become normalized. What this means is that we are witnessing a fundamental transformation in how organizations operate and employees structure their lives.” | 8+ |
| paradigm shift | “Renewable energy costs have fallen below fossil fuels. What this means is that we are experiencing a paradigm shift in energy economics that makes clean energy the rational choice even without environmental considerations.” | 9 |
| systemic changes | “Income inequality has reached unprecedented levels. What this means is that addressing this issue requires systemic changes to tax policy, education access, and labor rights rather than superficial interventions.” | 8+ |
| multifaceted challenges | “Global pandemics expose weaknesses in healthcare infrastructure. What this means is that preparing for future crises involves addressing multifaceted challenges spanning public health, economic resilience, and international cooperation.” | 8+ |
Paraphrasing Nâng Cao
Để tránh repetition và demonstrate vocabulary range, sử dụng các biến thể sophisticated:
Formal academic variants:
-
“The implication of this is that…”
- “Studies show declining marriage rates. The implication of this is that traditional family structures are evolving, requiring new social policies to support diverse household types.”
- Band level: 8+
-
“The significance of this lies in the fact that…”
- “Technology companies control vast amounts of personal data. The significance of this lies in the fact that these private entities now wield unprecedented influence over information flow and public discourse.”
- Band level: 9
-
“This effectively signifies that…”
- “Polar ice is melting faster than predicted. This effectively signifies that climate models may have underestimated the urgency of the situation, necessitating more aggressive intervention.”
- Band level: 8+
-
“In practical terms, this entails that…”
- “Universities are shifting to competency-based assessment. In practical terms, this entails that students will be evaluated on demonstrated skills rather than time spent in courses.”
- Band level: 8
-
“The upshot of this is that…” (slightly less formal)
- “Housing prices in major cities have become unaffordable for average workers. The upshot of this is that essential service providers like teachers and nurses are being priced out of the communities they serve.”
- Band level: 8+
Sơ đồ kết hợp What This Means Is That với các cấu trúc ngữ pháp nâng cao để đạt Band 8-9 IELTS
So Sánh Với Cấu Trúc Tương Tự
“What This Means Is That” vs “This Means That”
| Tiêu chí | What this means is that | This means (that) |
|---|---|---|
| Công thức | [Statement]. What this means is that [explanation]. | [Statement]. This means (that) [explanation]. |
| Formality | Formal, academic | Less formal, conversational |
| Emphasis | Nhấn mạnh việc diễn giải, phân tích | Kết nối trực tiếp hơn |
| IELTS context | Writing Task 2, Speaking Part 3 | All parts, more flexible |
| Band score | Band 7+ indicator | Band 6-7 |
| Ví dụ 1 | “Technology has disrupted traditional industries. What this means is that workers must continually adapt to remain employable.” | “Technology has disrupted industries. This means workers need new skills.” |
| Ví dụ 2 | “Childhood obesity rates have doubled. What this means is that urgent public health interventions are required to prevent long-term consequences.” | “Childhood obesity has doubled. This means we need better health education.” |
Khi nào dùng cấu trúc nào:
-
“What this means is that”: Khi muốn:
- Tạo academic tone trong Writing Task 2
- Nhấn mạnh importance of interpretation trong Speaking Part 3
- Demonstrate grammatical range với Noun Clause structure
- Pause trước phần explanation để tạo emphasis
-
“This means (that)”: Khi muốn:
- Giữ câu ngắn gọn trong Speaking Part 1
- Kết nối ideas nhanh mà không quá formal
- Avoid repetition nếu đã dùng “What this means is that” nhiều lần
- Natural, conversational tone
“What This Means Is That” vs “Therefore/Consequently”
| Tiêu chí | What this means is that | Therefore/Consequently |
|---|---|---|
| Chức năng | Giải thích, diễn giải ý nghĩa | Chỉ kết quả, kết luận logic |
| Focus | Interpretation and significance | Logical consequence |
| Vị trí | Đầu câu thứ hai (sau dấu chấm) | Đầu câu hoặc giữa câu |
| Tone | Explanatory, analytical | Conclusive, definitive |
| Ví dụ 1 | “Urban populations are growing rapidly. What this means is that cities must expand infrastructure to accommodate more residents.” | “Urban populations are growing rapidly; therefore, cities must expand infrastructure.” |
| Ví dụ 2 | “Remote work has become normalized. What this means is that traditional office spaces may become obsolete.” | “Remote work has become normalized. Consequently, office spaces are being redesigned.” |
Sự khác biệt tinh tế:
- “What this means is that” = “Here’s what this situation signifies/implies” (Đây là ý nghĩa/hàm ý của tình huống này)
- “Therefore/Consequently” = “As a direct result” (Kết quả trực tiếp)
Example showing the difference:
“The government has cut funding for public libraries. Therefore, many libraries will close. What this means is that communities will lose important educational and social resources, potentially widening inequality gaps.”
→ “Therefore” = immediate consequence (libraries closing)
→ “What this means is that” = deeper implication (social impact)
“What This Means Is That” vs “In Other Words”
| Tiêu chí | What this means is that | In other words |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Explain implications/consequences | Rephrase/clarify same idea |
| Content | Adds new information (effect/result) | Says same thing differently |
| Movement | Forward (cause → effect) | Lateral (restatement) |
| Complexity | Can introduce complex analysis | Usually simplifies |
| Ví dụ 1 | “AI can process data faster than humans. What this means is that many analytical jobs may be automated.” (new consequence) | “AI can process data faster than humans. In other words, machines are more efficient at calculations.” (restatement) |
| Ví dụ 2 | “Fossil fuel prices are volatile. What this means is that energy costs for consumers become unpredictable.” (implication) | “Fossil fuel prices are volatile. In other words, they change frequently.” (clarification) |
Khi nào dùng cái nào:
-
“What this means is that”: Khi muốn:
- Develop idea forward với new insight
- Explain practical implications
- Show analytical thinking
- Connect cause to effect
-
“In other words”: Khi muốn:
- Clarify complex statement
- Rephrase for easier understanding
- Avoid misunderstanding
- Paraphrase technical terms
Combined usage (Band 9 example):
“Quantum computing operates on fundamentally different principles than classical computing. In other words, it uses quantum mechanics rather than binary logic. What this means is that problems currently unsolvable – like complex molecular modeling – may become feasible, revolutionizing fields from medicine to materials science.”
→ Demonstrates sophisticated understanding: first clarify, then explain implications
Lỗi Thường Gặp & Cách Sửa
Lỗi 1: Sử dụng “mean” thay vì “means”
❌ SAI:
“Technology has advanced rapidly. What this mean is that education systems must adapt.”
✅ ĐÚNG:
“Technology has advanced rapidly. What this means is that education systems must adapt.”
Giải thích:
“What this” là chủ ngữ số ít (singular subject), do đó động từ phải là “means” (thêm -s). Đây là lỗi subject-verb agreement rất phổ biến vì học viên Việt Nam thường nhầm lẫn “this” với một danh từ số nhiều.
Công thức nhớ:
- What + this/that = means (singular)
- What + these/those = mean (plural, nhưng ít dùng)
Lưu ý:
Lỗi này thường xảy ra khi nói (Speaking) hơn là viết (Writing) do thiếu cẩn thận với subject-verb agreement trong câu phức.
Lỗi 2: Thiếu “that” sau “is”
❌ SAI:
“Unemployment is rising. What this means is people will struggle financially.”
✅ ĐÚNG:
“Unemployment is rising. What this means is that people will struggle financially.”
Giải thích:
“That” là từ nối bắt buộc (essential conjunction) giới thiệu noun clause. Mặc dù trong văn nói thông thường có thể lược bỏ “that”, trong IELTS academic context, việc giữ “that” thể hiện formal register và grammatical accuracy.
So sánh:
- Informal/Spoken: “This means people will struggle.” ✓ (acceptable)
- Formal/Written: “What this means is that people will struggle.” ✓✓ (preferred)
- Academic/IELTS: “What this means is that people will struggle financially.” ✓✓✓ (best)
Lưu ý:
Nếu muốn đạt Band 8+, nên luôn giữ “that” để maintain formal tone và grammatical completeness.
Lỗi 3: Sử dụng câu không hoàn chỉnh sau “that”
❌ SAI:
“Social media usage has increased. What this means is that more time online and less face-to-face interaction.”
✅ ĐÚNG:
“Social media usage has increased. What this means is that people spend more time online and have less face-to-face interaction.”
Giải thích:
Sau “What this means is that” phải là một mệnh đề hoàn chỉnh (complete clause) với chủ ngữ và động từ. Lỗi trên thiếu động từ chính, chỉ có noun phrases.
Phân tích:
- ❌ “more time online” = noun phrase (incomplete)
- ✅ “people spend more time online” = complete clause (subject + verb + object)
Ví dụ sửa lỗi khác:
❌ SAI:
“Remote work is popular. What this means is that flexible schedules and better work-life balance.”
✅ ĐÚNG:
“Remote work is popular. What this means is that employees enjoy flexible schedules and better work-life balance.”
Công thức nhớ:
What this means is that + [Subject + Verb + Complement]
Lỗi 4: Lạm dụng cấu trúc (Overuse)
❌ SAI (quá nhiều trong một đoạn văn):
“Technology has changed education. What this means is that students learn differently. Online courses are popular. What this means is that universities must adapt. Teachers need new skills. What this means is that training programs are necessary.”
✅ ĐÚNG (varied transitions):
“Technology has transformed education. What this means is that students now learn through digital platforms rather than exclusively in classrooms. As a result, universities must adapt their curricula and infrastructure. This transformation also implies that teachers require professional development in digital pedagogy.”
Giải thích:
Sử dụng cùng một cấu trúc quá 3 lần trong một đoạn văn (paragraph) làm bài viết trở nên mechanical và repetitive, ảnh hưởng tiêu chí “Grammatical Range and Accuracy.”
Nguyên tắc sử dụng:
- Writing Task 2: Tối đa 2-3 lần trong toàn bài (250-280 words)
- Speaking Part 3: 2-3 lần trong 4-5 phút (tự nhiên, không cố gắng)
- Spacing: Cách nhau ít nhất 2-3 câu
Alternative transitions để tránh lặp:
- “This suggests that…”
- “The implication is that…”
- “As a result…”
- “Consequently…”
- “This indicates that…”
- “In practical terms…”
Lỗi 5: Sử dụng với ý nghĩa không phù hợp (Logic error)
❌ SAI (không có mối liên hệ logic):
“Many people enjoy traveling. What this means is that airlines are expensive.”
✅ ĐÚNG (có mối liên hệ cause-effect):
“Many people enjoy traveling. What this means is that the tourism industry continues to grow despite economic uncertainties.”
Giải thích:
Cấu trúc “What this means is that” yêu cầu mối quan hệ logic giữa statement và explanation. Statement đầu phải là nguyên nhân/điều kiện của phần explanation sau.
Logic relationships cần có:
- Cause → Effect
- Situation → Implication
- Evidence → Conclusion
- Problem → Consequence
Ví dụ phân tích:
❌ SAI:
“Students study hard. What this means is that universities have libraries.”
→ Không có logic connection (studying hard không dẫn đến việc có libraries)
✅ ĐÚNG:
“Students study hard. What this means is that academic pressure remains high, potentially affecting mental health.”
→ Có clear cause-effect (pressure từ việc học chăm → mental health impact)
Cách kiểm tra logic:
Tự hỏi: “Phần explanation có phải là hệ quả/ý nghĩa/tác động trực tiếp của statement không?”
- Nếu CÓ → Sử dụng được ✓
- Nếu KHÔNG → Cần restructure
Lỗi 6: Thiếu mạo từ hoặc giới từ (Missing articles/prepositions)
❌ SAI:
“Government has introduced new policy. What this means is that businesses must comply with regulation.”
✅ ĐÚNG:
“The government has introduced a new policy. What this means is that businesses must comply with the regulation.”
Giải thích:
Lỗi sử dụng articles (a/an/the) thường xuất hiện trong cả hai phần của cấu trúc. Đây là lỗi phổ biến của học viên Việt Nam vì tiếng Việt không có articles.
Nguyên tắc:
- Specific noun → the
- General countable singular → a/an
- General plural/uncountable → no article (nhưng cẩn thận context)
Lỗi 7: Dùng sai thì động từ (Tense error)
❌ SAI:
“Social media has changed communication. What this means is that people changed their behavior.”
✅ ĐÚNG:
“Social media has changed communication. What this means is that people have changed their behavior.”
HOẶC:
“Social media has changed communication. What this means is that people are changing their behavior.”
Giải thích:
Phần explanation sau “What this means is that” phải có tense phù hợp với logic thời gian:
- Nếu statement dùng Present Perfect → explanation dùng Present Perfect hoặc Present Simple (general truth)
- Nếu statement dùng Past → explanation có thể dùng Past hoặc Present (depending on relevance)
Tense consistency examples:
✅ “The pandemic disrupted education. What this means is that schools have had to adopt online learning.” (past → present perfect)
✅ “Climate change is accelerating. What this means is that action is needed now.” (present continuous → present simple passive)
✅ “Studies have shown health benefits. What this means is that people should consider lifestyle changes.” (present perfect → modal)
Top 5 Mistakes Vietnamese Learners Make – Tóm tắt
-
Subject-verb agreement: “What this mean” thay vì “What this means” (60% học viên mắc lỗi)
-
Incomplete clause: Thiếu subject/verb sau “that” (45% học viên)
-
Logical connection missing: Statement và explanation không có mối liên hệ cause-effect (35% học viên)
-
Overuse: Lặp lại cấu trúc quá nhiều lần trong cùng một đoạn (40% học viên)
-
Article errors: Thiếu hoặc dùng sai a/an/the (70% học viên – highest error rate)
Chiến lược tránh lỗi:
✓ Proofread specifically for: Subject-verb agreement trong complex sentences
✓ Always check: Có complete clause sau “that” không?
✓ Ask yourself: Statement → Explanation có logic không?
✓ Limit usage: Maximum 2-3 times per task/response
✓ Review articles: Pay extra attention to a/an/the
Infographic 5 lỗi thường gặp khi sử dụng cấu trúc What This Means Is That trong IELTS
Bài Tập Thực Hành
Bài Tập 1: Điền Từ
Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng của cấu trúc:
-
Climate change is accelerating. __ __ __ __ __ extreme weather events will become more frequent.
-
Many young people cannot afford housing. __ __ __ __ __ they are delaying major life decisions like marriage and children.
-
Online shopping has grown dramatically. __ __ __ __ __ traditional retail stores must adapt or risk closure.
-
Universities are offering more online courses. __ __ __ __ __ students have greater flexibility in their study schedules.
-
Social media algorithms prioritize engaging content. __ __ __ __ __ controversial or emotional posts spread faster than factual information.
-
Remote work has become normalized. __ __ __ __ __ companies can now recruit talent from anywhere in the world.
-
Plastic pollution in oceans has reached critical levels. __ __ __ __ __ marine ecosystems are facing unprecedented threats.
-
Artificial intelligence can now perform complex tasks. __ __ __ __ __ many traditional jobs will need to be redefined.
-
Healthcare costs continue to rise. __ __ __ __ __ medical treatment is becoming inaccessible for lower-income families.
-
Renewable energy has become cheaper than fossil fuels. __ __ __ __ __ the economic argument for clean energy is now stronger than ever.
Bài Tập 2: Tìm Và Sửa Lỗi
Tìm lỗi sai trong các câu sau và sửa lại cho đúng:
-
Technology has improved healthcare. What this mean is that people live longer. [❌]
-
Children spend too much time on screens. What this means is less physical activity and social skills. [❌]
-
The government increased education funding. What this means is that schools will have better resources. [✅]
-
Urban populations are growing. What this means is that more infrastructure. [❌]
-
Many people work from home now. What this means is that office spaces becoming less important. [❌]
-
Global temperatures have risen. What this means is extreme weather more common. [❌]
-
Social media connects people globally. What this means is that cultural exchange has increased significantly. [✅]
-
Fast food is convenient and cheap. What this means is that obesity rates are high. [❌ – logic]
-
Students use laptops in class. What this means is that they access information quickly and learning is interactive. [❌]
-
Companies prioritize profits. What this means is environmental concerns often ignored. [❌]
Bài Tập 3: Viết Câu Hoàn Chỉnh
Viết câu hoàn chỉnh sử dụng “What this means is that” dựa trên prompts:
-
Statement: Air travel has become affordable
Your answer: ___ -
Statement: Many jobs are being automated
Your answer: ___ -
Statement: People are living longer than before
Your answer: ___ -
Statement: Social media has changed marketing
Your answer: ___ -
Statement: Online education is expanding rapidly
Your answer: ___ -
Statement: Plastic has been banned in many cities
Your answer: ___ -
Statement: Income inequality is widening
Your answer: ___ -
Statement: Smartphones are ubiquitous
Your answer: ___
Bài Tập 4: Kết Hợp Với Cấu Trúc Khác
Viết câu phức tạp kết hợp “What this means is that” với cấu trúc được chỉ định:
-
Kết hợp với Passive Voice:
Topic: Environmental regulations
Your answer: ___ -
Kết hợp với Relative Clause:
Topic: Technology in education
Your answer: ___ -
Kết hợp với Conditional (Type 2):
Topic: Government policies
Your answer: ___ -
Kết hợp với Present Perfect:
Topic: Social changes
Your answer: ___ -
Kết hợp với Modal Verbs:
Topic: Future employment
Your answer: ___
Bài Tập 5: Writing Task 2 Paragraph
Viết một đoạn văn hoàn chỉnh (80-100 words) cho Writing Task 2, sử dụng “What this means is that” ít nhất 2 lần:
Topic: “Some people believe that the increasing use of technology in the workplace is beneficial, while others think it has negative effects on employees. Discuss both views.”
Your paragraph (supporting technology):
Bài Tập 6: Speaking Part 3 Response
Trả lời câu hỏi Speaking Part 3, sử dụng “What this means is that” một cách tự nhiên:
Question: “How do you think cities will change in the future?”
Your answer (aim for 1 minute):
Đáp Án Chi Tiết
Đáp Án Bài Tập 1:
- What this means is that
- What this means is that
- What this means is that
- What this means is that
- What this means is that
- What this means is that
- What this means is that
- What this means is that
- What this means is that
- What this means is that
Giải thích: Tất cả các câu đều sử dụng công thức chuẩn: “What this means is that” với “means” (động từ số ít) và “that” (conjunction) đầy đủ.
Đáp Án Bài Tập 2:
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❌ “What this mean” → ✅ “What this means”
Lỗi: Subject-verb agreement. “What this” là chủ ngữ số ít, cần động từ “means.” -
❌ “What this means is less physical activity” → ✅ “What this means is that children have less physical activity and weaker social skills.”
Lỗi: Thiếu “that” và thiếu complete clause (cần subject + verb). -
✅ Đúng – Câu hoàn chỉnh với đầy đủ thành phần.
-
❌ “What this means is that more infrastructure” → ✅ “What this means is that more infrastructure is needed.”
Lỗi: Incomplete clause, thiếu động từ. -
❌ “office spaces becoming” → ✅ “office spaces are becoming less important.”
Lỗi: Thiếu auxiliary verb “are” trong present continuous. -
❌ “What this means is extreme weather more common” → ✅ “What this means is that extreme weather has become more common.”
Lỗi: Thiếu “that,” thiếu verb, sai structure. -
✅ Đúng – Câu chuẩn xác về cả grammar và logic.
-
❌ Logic error → ✅ “Fast food is convenient and cheap. What this means is that many people choose it despite health risks, contributing to rising obesity rates.”
Lỗi: Thiếu causal connection rõ ràng giữa statement và explanation. -
❌ “they access information quickly and learning is interactive” → ✅ “What this means is that they can access information quickly, making learning more interactive.”
Lỗi: Run-on sentence, nên dùng participle clause để kết nối. -
❌ “environmental concerns often ignored” → ✅ “environmental concerns are often ignored.”
Lỗi: Thiếu auxiliary verb trong passive voice.
Đáp Án Bài Tập 3 (Sample Answers):
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“Air travel has become affordable. What this means is that international tourism has grown dramatically, connecting cultures but also contributing to carbon emissions.”
-
“Many jobs are being automated. What this means is that workers will need to develop new skills to remain competitive in the changing job market.”
-
“People are living longer than before. What this means is that governments must address challenges like healthcare costs and pension sustainability for aging populations.”
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“Social media has changed marketing. What this means is that companies now engage directly with consumers rather than relying solely on traditional advertising channels.”
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“Online education is expanding rapidly. What this means is that students worldwide can access quality courses regardless of their geographical location or financial circumstances.”
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“Plastic has been banned in many cities. What this means is that both businesses and consumers must adapt to alternative materials, potentially increasing short-term costs but benefiting the environment long-term.”
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“Income inequality is widening. What this means is that social tensions may increase, requiring governments to implement redistributive policies to maintain social cohesion.”
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“Smartphones are ubiquitous. What this means is that people have constant access to information and communication, fundamentally changing how we work, learn, and socialize.”
Đáp Án Bài Tập 4 (Sample Answers):
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Passive Voice:
“Stricter environmental regulations have been implemented in many countries. What this means is that industries are being forced to adopt cleaner technologies, and companies that fail to comply may face significant penalties.” -
Relative Clause:
“Schools, which have traditionally relied on textbooks and lectures, are now integrating digital tools into classrooms. What this means is that students who are comfortable with technology may have advantages, while those without access risk falling behind.” -
Conditional Type 2:
“If governments invested more in public transportation, traffic congestion would decrease significantly. What this means is that citizens would enjoy shorter commutes and cleaner air, though the initial infrastructure costs would be substantial.” -
Present Perfect:
“Social attitudes toward work-life balance have shifted dramatically in recent years. What this means is that employers have had to offer more flexible arrangements to attract and retain talented employees.” -
Modal Verbs:
“Artificial intelligence may replace many routine jobs in the next decade. What this means is that educational systems should focus on teaching critical thinking and creativity – skills that machines cannot easily replicate.”
Đáp Án Bài Tập 5 (Sample Paragraph – Band 8):
Topic: Technology in workplace
“Proponents of workplace technology argue that digital tools significantly enhance productivity and efficiency. Modern software enables employees to automate repetitive tasks, collaborate remotely, and access information instantly. What this means is that workers can focus on higher-value activities that require creativity and strategic thinking rather than manual data processing. Furthermore, technology facilitates flexible working arrangements, allowing people to work from anywhere with internet access. What this means is that employees can achieve better work-life balance while maintaining, or even improving, their professional output. However, these benefits depend on adequate training and support to ensure all workers can utilize technology effectively.”
Analysis:
- Word count: ~100 words ✓
- Structure used 2 times naturally ✓
- Topic sentence clear ✓
- Supporting points with explanation ✓
- Academic vocabulary: “proponents,” “facilitate,” “adequate” ✓
- Cohesion: “Furthermore,” “However” ✓
- Band 8 features demonstrated ✓
Đáp Án Bài Tập 6 (Sample Speaking Part 3 – Band 8):
Question: “How do you think cities will change in the future?”
Sample Answer:
“That’s an interesting question. I believe cities will undergo quite dramatic transformations, particularly in terms of sustainability and technology integration. We’re already seeing trends toward green urban planning, with more parks, bike lanes, and pedestrian zones. What this means is that future cities will likely be much more environmentally friendly and livable than current ones, prioritizing people over cars.
Additionally, I think smart city technologies will become standard – things like sensors that optimize traffic flow, apps that help citizens access services, and buildings that manage energy efficiently. What this means is that urban life could become more convenient and sustainable simultaneously, though there are concerns about privacy and the digital divide that need to be addressed.”
Analysis:
- Natural flow and conversational tone ✓
- Structure used 2 times appropriately ✓
- Specific examples provided ✓
- Balanced view (benefits + concerns) ✓
- Vocabulary: “dramatic transformations,” “prioritizing,” “digital divide” ✓
- Clear idea development ✓
- Approximately 1 minute speaking time ✓
- Band 8 level demonstrated ✓
Kết Luận
Cấu trúc “What this means is that” là một công cụ ngữ pháp mạnh mẽ để thể hiện khả năng phân tích và kết nối ý tưởng trong kỳ thi IELTS. Khi sử dụng đúng cách, nó không chỉ giúp bạn đạt điểm cao ở tiêu chí Grammatical Range and Accuracy mà còn nâng cao chất lượng lập luận trong Speaking và Writing.
Những điểm cần nhớ:
✓ Công thức chuẩn: [Statement] + What this means is that + [Complete clause with subject + verb]
✓ Chức năng chính: Giải thích implications, consequences, hoặc significance của một situation/statement
✓ Tần suất sử dụng: 2-3 lần mỗi bài Writing Task 2, tự nhiên trong Speaking Part 3
✓ Kết hợp: Với passive voice, relative clauses, conditionals để tăng complexity
✓ Tránh lỗi: Subject-verb agreement (means không phải mean), complete clause sau “that,” logical connection
✓ Paraphrasing: “The implication is that,” “This suggests that,” “In practical terms” để avoid repetition
Đề Luyện Tập Tại Nhà
Speaking Topics (Part 3):
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Topic: Technology and Society
“How has technology changed the way people spend their free time? What effects might this have in the future?”
Yêu cầu: Sử dụng “What this means is that” để giải thích both current effects và future implications -
Topic: Education Changes
“In what ways has education changed in your country over the past 20 years? Do you think these changes are positive?”
Yêu cầu: Identify changes và explain their significance using the structure -
Topic: Environmental Issues
“Why do you think some people are more concerned about environmental problems than others?”
Yêu cầu: Analyze reasons và explain implications for environmental policy
Writing Task 2 Topics:
-
Opinion Essay:
“Some people believe that children should start learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school. To what extent do you agree or disagree?”
Yêu cầu: Sử dụng structure ít nhất 2 lần để explain benefits/drawbacks -
Problem-Solution Essay:
“In many cities, traffic congestion has become a serious problem. What are the causes of this problem, and what measures could be taken to solve it?”
Yêu cầu: Explain causes với implications, sau đó solutions với expected results -
Discussion Essay:
“Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.”
Yêu cầu: Use structure to explain implications of each educational philosophy -
Advantage-Disadvantage Essay:
“In some countries, an increasing number of people are choosing to live alone. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this trend?”
Yêu cầu: Explain both advantages và disadvantages với their broader social implications
Self-Study Checklist:
□ Đã hiểu rõ công thức và các thành phần của cấu trúc
□ Có thể phân biệt với các cấu trúc tương tự (This means, Therefore, In other words)
□ Biết khi nào nên và không nên sử dụng
□ Có thể kết hợp với các cấu trúc ngữ pháp phức tạp khác
□ Tránh được 5 lỗi phổ biến nhất
□ Sử dụng tự nhiên trong Speaking không forced
□ Có thể paraphrase để tránh lặp lại
□ Đã hoàn thành tất cả bài tập thực hành
Next Steps:
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Record yourself: Speaking practice với các topics trên, nghe lại và check xem có sử dụng cấu trúc correctly và naturally không
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Write sample essays: Hoàn thành ít nhất 2 Writing Task 2 topics, sử dụng structure 2-3 lần mỗi bài
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Get feedback: Nhờ giáo viên hoặc bạn học kiểm tra grammar accuracy và logical flow
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Compare with model answers: Đọc Cambridge IELTS sample answers (Band 8-9) để xem native speakers/high-scorers sử dụng cấu trúc này như thế nào
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Build a sentence bank: Tạo collection của 10-15 câu sử dụng structure về các topics phổ biến (education, technology, environment, health) để có thể adapt trong thi thật
Chúc bạn học tốt và đạt band điểm mong muốn trong kỳ thi IELTS!
