Cách Sử Dụng “In View Of” và “Considering” – Cấu Trúc Formal Trong IELTS Band 8+

Giới Thiệu

“In view of” và “Considering” là hai cấu trúc quan trọng trong phong cách viết học thuật và formal, đặc biệt hữu ích cho thí sinh muốn đạt điểm cao trong IELTS Writing Task 2 và Speaking Part 3. Các cấu trúc này giúp bạn diễn đạt lý do, nguyên nhân hoặc điều kiện một cách tinh tế và chuyên nghiệp, thể hiện khả năng sử dụng ngôn ngữ đa dạng và phù hợp với ngữ cảnh formal.

Theo phân tích từ Cambridge IELTS 14-19, các cấu trúc này xuất hiện thường xuyên trong:

• Speaking Part 3: Khi giải thích quan điểm, phân tích nguyên nhân
• Writing Task 2: Đặc biệt trong Opinion, Problem-Solution và Discussion essays
• Reading passages: Trong các bài đọc học thuật về chính sách, kinh tế, xã hội

Ví dụ vận dụng trong IELTS:

Writing Task 2 (Opinion essay):
“In view of the rising unemployment rates, governments should invest more in vocational training programs.”
→ Phân tích: Sử dụng “in view of” + noun phrase để đưa ra căn cứ cho ý kiến

Speaking Part 3 (Explaining reasons):
“Considering the environmental impact of plastic, I believe we should promote alternative materials.”
→ Phân tích: “Considering” + noun phrase làm mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lý do

Writing Task 2 (Problem-Solution):
“In view of these challenges, a multi-faceted approach is required to address urban pollution.”
→ Phân tích: Liên kết giữa vấn đề đã nêu và giải pháp đề xuất

Speaking Part 3 (Complex explanation):
“Considering that technology has transformed education, traditional teaching methods may need to be revised.”
→ Phân tích: “Considering that” + clause để đưa ra điều kiện phức tạp

Writing Task 2 (Argument development):
“In view of recent research findings on climate change, immediate action is imperative.”
→ Phân tích: Tạo sự kết nối logic giữa bằng chứng và kết luận

Trong bài viết này, bạn sẽ học:

✅ Định nghĩa và sự khác biệt giữa “in view of” và “considering”
✅ Công thức chi tiết với các biến thể
✅ Cách vận dụng vào IELTS Writing và Speaking
✅ 25+ câu ví dụ Band 7-9 từ đề thi thực tế
✅ Các cấu trúc tương đương và cách thay thế
✅ Lỗi thường gặp của học viên Việt Nam
✅ Bài tập thực hành có đáp án chi tiết

“In View Of” và “Considering” Là Gì?

Định Nghĩa

“In view of” là cụm giới từ (prepositional phrase) formal được sử dụng để đưa ra lý do, nguyên nhân hoặc bối cảnh cho một quyết định, ý kiến hay hành động. Cụm từ này mang nghĩa “xét về, do, vì, căn cứ vào”.

“Considering” có thể là:

1. Preposition (giới từ): Có nghĩa tương tự “in view of”
2. Conjunction (liên từ): Khi theo sau bởi “that” + clause
3. Present participle: Dùng trong mệnh đề rút gọn

Chức năng chính:

• Giới thiệu lý do hoặc bối cảnh cho luận điểm
• Tạo sự kết nối logic giữa các ý trong bài viết
• Thể hiện sự cân nhắc, đánh giá kỹ lưỡng
• Tăng tính formal và academic cho văn phong

Khi nào dùng trong IELTS:

• Speaking Part 3: Khi giải thích quan điểm phức tạp, phân tích nguyên nhân-kết quả
• Writing Task 2: Trong body paragraphs để phát triển luận điểm, đặc biệt khi đưa ra giải pháp hoặc recommendation
• Formal contexts: Khi cần thể hiện tone academic, tránh dùng trong Speaking Part 1 hoặc informal topics

Tần Suất Xuất Hiện Trong IELTS

Theo phân tích từ Cambridge IELTS 10-19:

Speaking:

• Part 1: Hiếm khi sử dụng (quá formal cho các câu hỏi đơn giản)
• Part 2: Thỉnh thoảng xuất hiện trong phần giải thích lý do (10-15% candidates Band 8+)
• Part 3: Xuất hiện thường xuyên (40-50% candidates Band 7.5+), đặc biệt khi thảo luận về policies, social issues, future predictions

Writing:

• Task 1: Ít sử dụng (chủ yếu mô tả dữ liệu, không phù hợp với cụm từ này)
• Task 2: Xuất hiện phổ biến (60-70% bài mẫu Band 8+), đặc biệt trong Opinion, Problem-Solution và Discussion essays

Listening/Reading:

• Xuất hiện thường xuyên trong academic passages về business, policy, scientific research
• Cần nhận diện để hiểu mối quan hệ nhân quả và luận điểm của tác giả

Band Score Impact:

• Band 6: Chưa sử dụng hoặc sử dụng sai ngữ cảnh
• Band 7: Sử dụng đúng nhưng hạn chế, có thể kết hợp với “because of”, “due to”
• Band 8-9: Sử dụng linh hoạt, tự nhiên, kết hợp với các cấu trúc phức tạp khác, không lỗi ngữ pháp

Sơ đồ minh họa cấu trúc ngữ pháp in view of và considering trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Công Thức & Cấu Trúc

Công Thức Cơ Bản

📌 CÔNG THỨC “IN VIEW OF”:

┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ In view of + Noun Phrase, + Main Clause           │
│                                                    │
│ Ví dụ: In view of recent developments,            │
│        we must reconsider our approach.            │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Thành phần câu:

• “In view of”: Cụm giới từ cố định, không thay đổi
• Noun Phrase: Cụm danh từ chỉ lý do, nguyên nhân, bối cảnh (có thể là simple noun, noun + modifier, hoặc gerund phrase)
• Main Clause: Mệnh đề chính (Subject + Verb + Complement)

Ví dụ phân tích chi tiết:

Câu: “In view of the current economic crisis, many companies have reduced their workforce.”

Phân tích:

• Prepositional phrase: In view of the current economic crisis
  • In view of: cụm giới từ
  • the current economic crisis: noun phrase (article + adjective + adjective + noun)
• Main clause: many companies have reduced their workforce
  • Subject: many companies
  • Verb: have reduced (present perfect)
  • Object: their workforce

📌 CÔNG THỨC “CONSIDERING”:

┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Pattern 1: Considering + Noun Phrase, Main Clause  │
│ Pattern 2: Considering that + Clause, Main Clause  │
│                                                    │
│ Ví dụ 1: Considering the circumstances,            │
│          the decision was reasonable.              │
│ Ví dụ 2: Considering that prices have risen,       │
│          wages should be adjusted.                 │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Thành phần câu:

• Pattern 1 – Considering as preposition:

  • Considering: giới từ
  • Noun Phrase: cụm danh từ

• Pattern 2 – Considering as conjunction:

  • Considering that: liên từ phụ thuộc
  • Subordinate clause: mệnh đề phụ (Subject + Verb)

Các Biến Thể

Dạng 1: “In view of” + Simple Noun
“In view of inflation, the government raised interest rates.”
→ Sử dụng khi lý do đơn giản, rõ ràng

Dạng 2: “In view of” + Complex Noun Phrase
“In view of the unprecedented challenges facing the healthcare system, immediate reforms are necessary.”
→ Dạng phức tạp hơn, phù hợp Writing Task 2

Dạng 3: “In view of” + Gerund Phrase
“In view of having limited resources, the project timeline was extended.”
→ Khi lý do là một hành động

Dạng 4: “Considering” + Noun Phrase
“Considering the environmental impact, plastic bags should be banned.”
→ Cách dùng phổ biến nhất

Dạng 5: “Considering that” + Clause
“Considering that technology has advanced rapidly, education systems must adapt accordingly.”
→ Dùng khi lý do là một sự việc hoặc tình huống phức tạp

Dạng 6: “Considering” ở đầu câu (emphasis)
“Considering the evidence presented, the conclusion seems valid.”
→ Nhấn mạnh quá trình cân nhắc

Dạng 7: “Considering” ở giữa câu
“The results, considering the limitations, are quite impressive.”
→ Dạng ít phổ biến, dùng để bổ sung thông tin

Signal Words / Từ Đi Kèm

Các từ/cụm từ thường xuất hiện cùng “in view of” và “considering”:

Signal Words	Ý nghĩa	Ví dụ
recent developments	những diễn biến gần đây	In view of recent developments in AI, job markets are transforming.
current circumstances	hoàn cảnh hiện tại	Considering current circumstances, remote work is preferable.
the fact that	sự thật là	In view of the fact that pollution is worsening, action is urgent.
this evidence	bằng chứng này	Considering this evidence, the hypothesis appears valid.
these findings	những phát hiện này	In view of these findings, further research is needed.
the challenges	những thách thức	Considering the challenges ahead, careful planning is essential.
this situation	tình huống này	In view of this situation, alternative solutions must be explored.

Các cấu trúc bổ sung trong main clause:

• Modal verbs: should, must, need to, ought to

  • “In view of climate change, governments should implement stricter regulations.”

• Passive voice: để tập trung vào hành động

  • “Considering the risks, new protocols have been established.”

• Recommendation language: it is advisable/essential/imperative

  • “In view of recent data, it is imperative that policies be revised.”

Cách Vận Dụng Vào IELTS

Speaking

Part 1 – Introduction & Interview:

Part 1 thường hỏi về cuộc sống cá nhân và không yêu cầu formal language, nên KHÔNG nên sử dụng “in view of” hoặc “considering” vì sẽ nghe không tự nhiên.

❌ Không phù hợp:
Q: “Do you like your hometown?”
A: “In view of the modern facilities, I really enjoy living there.”

✅ Tự nhiên hơn:
A: “Yes, I do, especially because it has modern facilities and good infrastructure.”

Part 2 – Long Turn:

Có thể sử dụng “considering” một lần trong phần giải thích lý do, nhưng cần tự nhiên:

Cue card example:
Describe a difficult decision you made.

Sample answer (Band 8):
“I’d like to talk about my decision to study abroad, which I made two years ago. It was quite challenging because I had to leave my family and friends behind. Considering that I had never lived independently before, this was a significant step. At first, I was concerned about adapting to a new culture and education system. However, in view of the better career opportunities abroad, I decided to take the risk. Looking back, I believe it was the right choice because I’ve gained valuable experiences and developed important life skills. The decision taught me to be more independent and confident in facing challenges.”

→ Phân tích: Sử dụng hai lần nhưng không lạm dụng, kết hợp với các linking words khác để tạo sự tự nhiên. Tránh dùng quá nhiều sẽ làm câu trả lời nghe “thuộc lòng”.

Part 3 – Discussion:

Đây là phần PHÙ HỢP NHẤT để sử dụng các cấu trúc formal này:

Topic: Education

Q: “Should universities focus more on practical skills or theoretical knowledge?”

A (Band 8.5):
“That’s an interesting question. I believe universities should strike a balance between both. In view of the rapidly changing job market, practical skills are certainly important because employers increasingly seek candidates with hands-on experience. However, we shouldn’t underestimate theoretical knowledge either. Considering that foundational theories provide the framework for innovation, students need solid academic grounding to adapt to future developments. For instance, in the tech industry, understanding algorithms and computational theory is as crucial as coding skills. So, in view of these considerations, an integrated approach would be most beneficial.”

→ Band 9 features:

• Sử dụng “in view of” hai lần và “considering that” một lần một cách tự nhiên
• Kết hợp với các cấu trúc khác: conditional, relative clause, exemplification
• Vocabulary range: strike a balance, hands-on experience, foundational theories, integrated approach

Topic: Environment

Q: “What can individuals do to help protect the environment?”

A (Band 8):
“Well, there are several things individuals can do. Considering the impact of daily consumption, I think reducing plastic use is a good starting point. People can bring reusable bags when shopping and avoid single-use items. Additionally, in view of rising carbon emissions, using public transportation or cycling instead of driving can make a real difference. Of course, these actions might seem small, but considering that millions of people could make these changes, the collective impact would be substantial.”

→ Analysis: Thể hiện khả năng develop ideas logically với cause-effect relationship rõ ràng.

Ví dụ minh họa cách sử dụng considering trong IELTS Speaking Part 3 với phân tích chi tiết

Writing Task 2

Essay types sử dụng “in view of” và “considering”:

Opinion Essay

Topic: Some people think that governments should spend money on faster public transportation. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Body paragraph (Band 8.5):

“I strongly agree that investing in faster public transportation is a worthwhile expenditure. In view of the increasing urban congestion in major cities, efficient transport systems have become essential for economic productivity. When commuters spend less time traveling, they can dedicate more hours to work or leisure activities, thereby improving quality of life. Considering that many developing nations are experiencing rapid urbanization, upgraded public transport can prevent the traffic chaos seen in cities like Bangkok or Jakarta. Furthermore, in view of environmental concerns, faster and more reliable public transportation encourages people to leave their private vehicles at home, which reduces carbon emissions significantly. Considering the long-term benefits to both the economy and environment, government investment in this area is not only justified but necessary.”

→ Phân tích:

• Sử dụng “in view of” 2 lần và “considering” 2 lần
• Kết hợp với: cause-effect, exemplification, comparison
• Academic collocations: worthwhile expenditure, economic productivity, rapid urbanization, long-term benefits
• Clear topic sentence + supporting points + conclusion sentence

Problem-Solution Essay

Topic: Many cities are facing serious air pollution problems. What are the causes and what solutions can you suggest?

Body paragraph – Solutions (Band 8):

“Several measures can be implemented to address urban air pollution. Firstly, in view of the significant contribution of vehicle emissions to poor air quality, governments should promote electric vehicles through tax incentives and subsidies. For example, Norway has successfully increased EV adoption by offering tax exemptions and free parking. Secondly, considering that industrial activities are major polluters, stricter emission standards must be enforced. Companies should be required to install filtration systems and use cleaner production methods. In view of the effectiveness of these regulations in countries like Germany and Japan, similar policies could be adopted elsewhere. Finally, considering the importance of public awareness, educational campaigns about environmental protection can encourage citizens to make eco-friendly choices in their daily lives.”

→ Phân tích:

• Sử dụng formal phrases để giới thiệu từng solution
• Kết hợp với: examples, comparison, passive voice
• Cohesive devices: Firstly, Secondly, Finally
• Band 8+ features: complex sentences, range of structures

Discussion Essay

Topic: Some people believe that technology has made our lives more complex. Others think it has simplified our lives. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Body paragraph 1 (Band 8):

“Those who argue that technology complicates life have valid concerns. In view of the constant connectivity demanded by modern devices, many people feel overwhelmed by information overload and the pressure to respond immediately to messages. Considering that social media platforms generate endless streams of content, users often experience anxiety and find it difficult to disconnect. Moreover, in view of increasing cybersecurity threats, individuals must constantly update passwords, install security software, and remain vigilant against scams, adding another layer of complexity to daily routines. Considering these challenges, it is understandable why some view technology as a burden rather than a blessing.”

→ Phân tích:

• Balanced argument với formal tone
• “In view of” và “considering” đan xen tự nhiên
• Supporting evidence: information overload, cybersecurity threats
• Concluding sentence echoes topic sentence

Advantage-Disadvantage Essay

Topic: More and more people are working from home. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this trend?

Advantage paragraph (Band 8.5):

“Remote work offers several significant benefits to both employees and employers. In view of the elimination of commuting time, workers can achieve better work-life balance and reduce stress associated with rush-hour traffic. Studies show that the average employee saves approximately ten hours per week by working from home. Considering that companies can hire talent from anywhere in the world, geographical limitations no longer restrict recruitment, allowing businesses to access a broader pool of skilled professionals. Furthermore, in view of reduced overhead costs for office space and utilities, organizations can allocate resources more efficiently. Considering the environmental benefits of fewer vehicles on the road, remote work also contributes to sustainability goals by lowering carbon footprints.”

→ Band 9 features:

• Sophisticated argument structure
• Data integration: “approximately ten hours per week”
• Multiple dimensions: individual, corporate, environmental
• Natural integration of formal phrases
• Academic vocabulary: work-life balance, geographical limitations, overhead costs, sustainability goals

Sample Paragraphs Band 7-9

Band 7 Sample:

“Education systems worldwide are facing challenges in the digital age. In view of technological advancements, traditional teaching methods may no longer be sufficient. Considering that students today are digital natives, educators should incorporate more interactive and technology-based learning tools. For instance, online platforms and educational apps can make lessons more engaging. In view of these benefits, schools should invest in digital infrastructure and teacher training.”

Phân tích Band 7:

• Sử dụng “in view of” và “considering” chính xác
• Clear structure với topic sentence, supporting points, example
• Variety: kết hợp với modal verbs (should, can)
• Minor limitation: có thể phát triển deeper analysis

Band 8 Sample:

“The debate over renewable energy has intensified in recent years. In view of the accelerating climate crisis and finite fossil fuel reserves, transitioning to sustainable energy sources is no longer optional but imperative. Considering that solar and wind technologies have become increasingly cost-competitive, economic barriers that once hindered adoption are diminishing. Countries like Denmark and Germany have demonstrated that renewable energy can meet substantial portions of national demand. In view of these successful implementations, developing nations should prioritize renewable infrastructure in their energy policies. Considering the long-term environmental and economic benefits, the initial investment costs are justified and will yield significant returns for future generations.”

Phân tích Band 8:

• Complex usage: “in view of” + multiple noun phrases in one sentence
• Natural flow: formal phrases integrated seamlessly
• Range: passive voice, relative clause, modal verbs, examples
• Sophisticated vocabulary: accelerating, imperative, cost-competitive, substantial portions
• Cohesion: clear logical progression

Band 9 Sample:

“The transformation of urban landscapes through gentrification presents a multifaceted challenge requiring nuanced policy responses. In view of the displacement of long-term residents and erosion of community identity that often accompany urban renewal projects, cities must implement protective measures for vulnerable populations. Considering that gentrification generates economic growth and improved infrastructure—benefits that can theoretically serve all residents—the challenge lies in ensuring equitable distribution of these advantages. In view of successful models such as Vienna’s social housing system, which integrates diverse income groups while maintaining affordability, alternative approaches to urban development clearly exist. Considering that market forces alone tend to exacerbate inequality, proactive government intervention through zoning regulations, rent controls, and community land trusts becomes essential. In view of the complexity inherent in balancing economic development with social equity, policymakers must engage stakeholders across all socioeconomic levels to craft inclusive urban strategies.”

Phân tích Band 9:

• Exceptional sophistication: multiple formal phrases without repetition feeling
• Complex ideas: multifaceted challenge, nuanced policy responses, equitable distribution
• Advanced structures: em dash for additional information, relative clauses, gerund phrases
• Critical thinking: presents problem → acknowledges benefits → proposes solutions
• Lexical resource: displacement, erosion, vulnerable populations, exacerbate, stakeholders
• Coherence: each sentence builds logically on the previous one

So sánh mức độ sử dụng cấu trúc formal qua các band điểm IELTS Writing

Nâng Cao – Cách Dùng Để Đạt Band 8+

Kết Hợp Với Các Cấu Trúc Khác

“In view of” + Passive Voice:

Example: “In view of the challenges that have been identified by researchers, new policies must be implemented immediately.”

→ Band 8+ features: Kết hợp present perfect passive và modal passive để tạo formal tone cao. Thể hiện khả năng sử dụng nhiều layer của passive voice.

“Considering” + Relative Clause:

Example: “Considering the evidence that has emerged from longitudinal studies, which span over two decades, the correlation between education and income is undeniable.”

→ Advanced usage: Non-defining relative clause bổ sung thông tin, tạo câu phức tạp nhưng clear.

“In view of” + Gerund Phrase + Relative Clause:

Example: “In view of having invested billions of dollars in infrastructure projects that have yet to yield expected returns, the government is reconsidering its economic strategy.”

→ Sophistication: Ba layers – prepositional phrase, gerund, relative clause – nhưng vẫn grammatically sound.

“Considering that” + Perfect Tense + Modal:

Example: “Considering that technology has transformed virtually every industry, educational institutions should have adapted their curricula years ago.”

→ Complex temporal relationship: Present perfect + modal perfect thể hiện critique về past actions.

“In view of” + Multiple Noun Phrases (parallel structure):

Example: “In view of rising unemployment rates, increasing inflation, and declining consumer confidence, the central bank decided to maintain interest rates.”

→ Band 9 feature: Parallel structure với ba noun phrases cho thấy grammatical control cao.

Cụm Từ Nâng Cao

Academic collocations with “in view of” và “considering”:

Collocation	Ví dụ	Band Level
in view of the aforementioned factors	In view of the aforementioned factors, a comprehensive strategy is essential.	8+
considering the magnitude of	Considering the magnitude of this challenge, international cooperation is vital.	7.5+
in view of emerging evidence	In view of emerging evidence on climate change, policies must be revised.	8+
considering the implications of	Considering the implications of artificial intelligence, ethical frameworks are needed.	8+
in view of compelling research	In view of compelling research demonstrating health benefits, this approach is recommended.	8.5+
considering the multifaceted nature of	Considering the multifaceted nature of poverty, single solutions are insufficient.	9
in view of the unprecedented circumstances	In view of the unprecedented circumstances created by the pandemic, flexibility is required.	8+
considering the socioeconomic context	Considering the socioeconomic context, one-size-fits-all policies are ineffective.	8.5+

Advanced sentence patterns:

Pattern 1: “In view of” + Abstract Noun + “that” clause
“In view of the fact that renewable energy costs have decreased dramatically, fossil fuel subsidies should be eliminated.”
→ More formal than simple “because”

Pattern 2: “Considering” + Noun + Appositive
“Considering automation—a trend that threatens millions of jobs—governments must invest in retraining programs.”
→ Em dash adds sophistication

Pattern 3: “In view of” at sentence end (rare but effective)
“New regulations are necessary, in view of recent corporate scandals.”
→ Creates emphasis through position change

Câu Phức & Ghép

Tích hợp vào câu phức với multiple clauses:

“In view of the fact that developing countries often lack resources for extensive environmental programs, while simultaneously facing pressure to industrialize rapidly, international organizations should provide both financial assistance and technical expertise, ensuring that economic growth does not come at the expense of ecological sustainability.”

→ Phân tích Band 9:

• Opening: “In view of” + “that” clause
• Subordinate clause: “while simultaneously facing”
• Main clause với recommendation
• Result clause: “ensuring that”
• Multiple dimensions addressed: resources, industrialization, international support, sustainability

Complex conditional with “considering”:

“Considering that global temperatures will continue to rise unless drastic action is taken, and given that many nations have already committed to carbon neutrality, it would be unconscionable for major polluters to delay implementation of emission reduction strategies.”

→ Advanced features:

• “Considering that” + future tense
• Subordinate clause: “unless drastic action is taken”
• Additional condition: “given that”
• Modal expression: “it would be unconscionable”
• Infinitive clause: “for major polluters to delay”

Contrastive structure:

“In view of technological advances that have improved healthcare access, one might expect life expectancy to rise uniformly across all populations; however, considering persistent socioeconomic disparities, health outcomes remain dramatically unequal between developed and developing regions.”

→ Sophistication:

• Expectation: “one might expect”
• Contrast marker: “however”
• Second formal phrase balances first
• Shows critical thinking: technology ≠ automatic equality

So Sánh Với Cấu Trúc Tương Tự

“In view of” vs “In light of”

Tiêu chí	In view of	In light of
Công thức	In view of + noun phrase	In light of + noun phrase
Ý nghĩa	Xét về, do, căn cứ vào (general)	Dựa trên, theo (new information)
Dùng khi	Tổng quát hơn, formal contexts	Khi có thông tin/phát hiện mới
Ví dụ	In view of current trends, we should act now.	In light of recent findings, we must revise the theory.
IELTS frequency	Phổ biến trong Writing Task 2	Phổ biến trong academic contexts

Khi nào dùng cấu trúc nào:

• Dùng “in view of” khi đề cập đến tình huống, điều kiện chung chung
• Dùng “in light of” khi đề cập cụ thể đến thông tin, nghiên cứu, sự kiện mới phát hiện

Example comparison:

• “In view of climate change, renewable energy is important.” (tổng quát)
• “In light of the latest IPCC report, immediate action is critical.” (dựa trên báo cáo cụ thể)

“Considering” vs “Given (that)”

Tiêu chí	Considering	Given (that)
Công thức	Considering + noun/that clause	Given + noun / Given that + clause
Ý nghĩa	Xem xét, xét đến	Cho rằng, vì (accepted fact)
Dùng khi	Cân nhắc nhiều yếu tố	Nêu điều kiện đã biết/chấp nhận
Ví dụ	Considering the complexity, more time is needed.	Given the budget constraints, the project was successful.
Tone	Slightly more tentative	More definitive

Example:

• “Considering that public opinion is divided, the government must proceed carefully.” (still deliberating)
• “Given that the law has been passed, companies must comply.” (established fact)

“In view of” vs “Because of” / “Due to”

Tiêu chí	In view of	Because of / Due to
Formality	Very formal	Neutral / Formal
Complexity	Can take complex noun phrases	Usually simpler phrases
IELTS Writing	Excellent for Band 8+	Good for Band 6-7
Ví dụ	In view of deteriorating conditions…	Because of bad weather…

Progression for Band improvement:

Band 6: “Because of pollution, health problems increase.”

Band 7: “Due to increasing pollution levels, public health concerns have risen.”

Band 8+: “In view of the deteriorating air quality in urban centers, which has been linked to respiratory diseases, public health interventions are becoming increasingly urgent.”

Bảng so sánh các cấu trúc formal tương đương với in view of và considering

Lỗi Thường Gặp & Cách Sửa

Lỗi 1: Sử dụng động từ sau “in view of”

❌ SAI:
“In view of the economy is declining, the government should take action.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“In view of the declining economy, the government should take action.”

Giải thích:
“In view of” là prepositional phrase, nên sau nó phải là NOUN PHRASE (cụm danh từ), không phải là clause (mệnh đề có động từ chia). Nếu muốn dùng clause, phải dùng “considering that” hoặc “in view of the fact that”.

Lưu ý:

• ❌ In view of + Subject + Verb
• ✅ In view of + Noun Phrase
• ✅ In view of the fact that + Subject + Verb
• ✅ Considering that + Subject + Verb

Các ví dụ sửa lỗi:

• ❌ “In view of technology changes rapidly…”
• ✅ “In view of rapid technological changes…”
• ✅ “Considering that technology changes rapidly…”

Lỗi 2: Thiếu dấu phзапятая sau cụm “in view of” / “considering” ở đầu câu

❌ SAI:
“In view of these problems[no comma] governments must act.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“In view of these problems, governments must act.”

Giải thích:
Khi “in view of” hoặc “considering” + noun phrase đứng ở đầu câu, tạo thành introductory phrase, BẮT BUỘC phải có dấu phẩy trước main clause. Đây là quy tắc punctuation cơ bản trong academic writing.

Lưu ý:
Học viên Việt Nam thường quên dấu phẩy này vì trong tiếng Việt không có quy tắc tương tự. Tuy nhiên, trong IELTS Writing, thiếu dấu phẩy này bị coi là lỗi punctuation, ảnh hưởng đến điểm Grammatical Range and Accuracy.

Practice:

• ❌ “Considering the circumstances the decision was reasonable.”
• ✅ “Considering the circumstances, the decision was reasonable.”
• ❌ “In view of recent research new approaches are needed.”
• ✅ “In view of recent research, new approaches are needed.”

Lỗi 3: Dùng “in view of” trong Speaking Part 1 hoặc informal contexts

❌ SAI (quá formal cho context):
Q: “Do you like shopping?”
A: “In view of the convenience of online shopping, I prefer buying things on the internet.”

✅ ĐÚNG (natural):
A: “Yes, I do, especially online shopping because it’s very convenient.”

Giải thích:
“In view of” là extremely formal expression, không phù hợp với:

• IELTS Speaking Part 1 (personal questions)
• Casual conversations
• Describing personal preferences

Sử dụng trong contexts này sẽ khiến câu trả lời nghe “unnatural” và “memorized”, giám khảo sẽ không đánh giá cao.

Khi nào KHÔNG nên dùng:

• Speaking Part 1: Talking about hobbies, family, daily routine
• Informal emails
• Casual discussions

Khi nào NÊN dùng:

• Speaking Part 3: Complex social issues, policies, predictions
• Writing Task 2: All essay types
• Formal presentations

Lỗi 4: Lặp lại cấu trúc quá nhiều trong một đoạn

❌ SAI (repetitive):
“In view of climate change, we should use renewable energy. In view of pollution, we should reduce plastic. In view of deforestation, we should plant trees.”

✅ ĐÚNG (varied):
“In view of climate change and environmental degradation, multiple actions are necessary. Firstly, we should transition to renewable energy sources. Additionally, reducing plastic consumption can mitigate pollution. Considering the extent of deforestation, reforestation programs are also essential.”

Giải thích:
Lặp lại cùng một cấu trúc nhiều lần trong đoạn văn ngắn thể hiện limited grammatical range. Giám khảo IELTS tìm kiếm variety và flexibility.

Lưu ý:
Trong một bài Writing Task 2 (250 words), nên sử dụng:

• “In view of”: 1-2 lần
• “Considering”: 1-2 lần
• Kết hợp với: because of, due to, given that, since, as

Better approach:
Paragraph 1: “In view of [reason]…”
Paragraph 2: “Due to [reason]…”
Paragraph 3: “Considering that [reason]…”
Conclusion: “Given these factors…”

Lỗi 5: Nhầm lẫn giữa “considering” (preposition) và “consider” (verb)

❌ SAI:
“We should consider the economic situation, governments must cut spending.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“Considering the economic situation, governments must cut spending.”

Giải thích:
Đây là lỗi confusion giữa:

• Consider (động từ): nghĩa là “xem xét, cân nhắc” – cần object và không tạo linking function
• Considering (giới từ/participle): dùng để link ideas, nghĩa “xét về”

Phân biệt:

“Consider” as main verb:

• “We should consider the economic situation carefully.” (main verb của câu)
• “The government is considering new policies.” (present continuous)

“Considering” as prepositional phrase:

• “Considering the economic situation, we should act.” (linking phrase, not main verb)
• Sentence structure: [Considering + noun], [complete sentence]

Common mistake patterns:

• ❌ “People should consider the environment, they must reduce waste.”
  • Problem: “consider” là main verb, không thể link hai independent clauses
• ✅ “Considering the environment, people must reduce waste.”
• ✅ “People should consider environmental impacts when making decisions.”

Lỗi 6: Dùng “in view of” với ý nghĩa “nhìn thấy” (literal meaning)

❌ SAI:
“In view of the mountain, the hotel is beautiful.”
(Intended: The hotel has a view of the mountain)

✅ ĐÚNG:
“The hotel has a beautiful mountain view.”
OR
“The hotel overlooks the mountain.”

Giải thích:
“In view of” KHÔNG có nghĩa đen là “nhìn thấy” hay “có tầm nhìn ra”. Đây là idiomatic expression với nghĩa “considering, because of”.

Correct usage of “in view of”:
“In view of increasing demand for eco-tourism, the hotel has implemented sustainable practices.”
→ Meaning: Because of / Considering

Vocabulary for actual “view”:

• “The room has a view of the ocean.”
• “From this vantage point, you can see the entire city.”
• “The apartment overlooks the park.”

Lỗi 7: Dùng “in view of” trong câu quá đơn giản

❌ SAI (không phù hợp với complexity level):
“In view of rain, I stayed home.”

✅ ĐÚNG (simpler structure for simple idea):
“Because of the rain, I stayed home.”

✅ ĐÚNG (if using “in view of”, make sentence more complex):
“In view of the severe weather warnings and potential flooding risks, authorities advised residents to remain indoors.”

Giải thích:
“In view of” là very formal structure, nên chỉ dùng với:

• Complex ideas
• Multiple factors
• Formal/academic contexts

Dùng với ý đơn giản sẽ tạo cảm giác mismatch giữa structure formality và idea complexity.

Guideline:

• Simple idea + simple structure: “Because of rain, I stayed home.”
• Complex idea + formal structure: “In view of deteriorating weather conditions…”

Infographic minh họa 7 lỗi thường gặp khi sử dụng in view of và considering trong IELTS

Bài Tập Thực Hành

Bài Tập 1: Điền Từ

Hoàn thành câu với “in view of”, “considering”, “considering that”, hoặc “in view of the fact that”:

1. _____ the rising cost of living, many families are struggling financially.

2. _____ technology has advanced rapidly, education systems must adapt.

3. The project was successful, _____ the limited budget available.

4. _____ recent research findings, the theory needs to be revised.

5. _____ unemployment rates have increased, the government should create job programs.

6. _____ these challenges, a comprehensive strategy is essential.

7. _____ most people now own smartphones, mobile marketing is effective.

8. _____ environmental concerns, plastic bags should be banned.

9. _____ the evidence presented, the conclusion appears valid.

10. _____ inflation continues to rise, interest rates may be increased.

Bài Tập 2: Tìm Và Sửa Lỗi

Tìm lỗi sai trong các câu sau và sửa lại:

1. In view of the weather is bad, the event was cancelled. [❌]

2. Considering the circumstances, the decision was reasonable. [✅]

3. In view of these problems governments must take action immediately. [❌]

4. We should consider the economic situation, governments must cut spending. [❌]

5. In view of recent developments in AI technology have improved efficiency. [❌]

6. Considering that pollution is worsening, stricter regulations are needed. [✅]

7. In view of the mountain, the hotel offers great views. [❌]

8. In view of rising unemployment rates, job creation programs should be implemented. [✅]

9. Considering the research new policies are necessary. [❌]

10. In view of technology, education, and healthcare improvements, quality of life has increased. [✅]

Bài Tập 3: Viết Lại Câu

Viết lại câu sử dụng “in view of” hoặc “considering”:

1. Because of climate change, renewable energy is important.
   → ___

2. The results are impressive when we think about the limitations.
   → ___

3. Since technology has transformed education, traditional methods need updating.
   → ___

4. The policy failed because the government ignored public opinion.
   → ___

5. Traffic congestion is worsening, so public transportation should be improved.
   → ___

Bài Tập 4: Viết Câu Hoàn Chỉnh

Viết câu hoàn chỉnh sử dụng “in view of” hoặc “considering” cho các tình huống IELTS sau:

1. Writing Task 2 – Environment topic:
   (pollution / serious problem / governments / take action)
   → Your answer: ___

2. Speaking Part 3 – Education:
   (technology / changed learning / teachers / need new skills)
   → Your answer: ___

3. Writing Task 2 – Health:
   (obesity rates / increasing / public health campaigns / necessary)
   → Your answer: ___

4. Speaking Part 3 – Work:
   (automation / threaten jobs / retraining programs / important)
   → Your answer: ___

5. Writing Task 2 – Society:
   (aging population / healthcare costs / rise / government planning / essential)
   → Your answer: ___

Bài Tập 5: Paragraph Writing

Viết một đoạn văn 100-120 từ cho Writing Task 2 topic sau, sử dụng “in view of” và “considering” ít nhất 2 lần:

Topic: Some people think governments should spend money on public services rather than on arts such as music and painting. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Your paragraph:

---

---

---

Đáp Án Chi Tiết

Đáp Án Bài Tập 1:

1. In view of / Considering the rising cost of living, many families are struggling financially.

   • Giải thích: Cả hai đều đúng. “In view of” formal hơn một chút.

2. Considering that technology has advanced rapidly, education systems must adapt.

   • Giải thích: Cần “considering that” vì sau đó là clause (có subject + verb)

3. The project was successful, considering the limited budget available.

   • Giải thích: “Considering” ở giữa câu, thể hiện sự tương phản

4. In view of / In light of recent research findings, the theory needs to be revised.

   • Giải thích: “In light of” phù hợp hơn khi nói về findings/research mới

5. In view of the fact that / Considering that unemployment rates have increased, the government should create job programs.

   • Giải thích: Cần cấu trúc có “that” vì theo sau là clause

6. In view of / Considering these challenges, a comprehensive strategy is essential.

   • Giải thích: Cả hai đều tự nhiên trong context này

7. Considering that / In view of the fact that most people now own smartphones, mobile marketing is effective.

   • Giải thích: Clause nên cần “that”

8. In view of / Considering environmental concerns, plastic bags should be banned.

   • Giải thích: Noun phrase nên cả hai đều đúng

9. In view of / Considering the evidence presented, the conclusion appears valid.

   • Giải thích: Standard usage với noun phrase

10. Considering that / In view of the fact that inflation continues to rise, interest rates may be increased.

    • Giải thích: Clause structure

Đáp Án Bài Tập 2:

1. ❌ Lỗi: “In view of the weather is bad”
   ✅ Sửa: “In view of the bad weather” hoặc “Considering that the weather is bad”
   Giải thích: “In view of” + noun phrase, KHÔNG theo sau bởi clause

2. ✅ Đúng
   Giải thích: Đúng cấu trúc, có dấu phẩy sau introductory phrase

3. ❌ Lỗi: Thiếu dấu phẩy sau “problems”
   ✅ Sửa: “In view of these problems, governments must take action immediately.”
   Giải thích: Bắt buộc có comma sau introductory phrase

4. ❌ Lỗi: “We should consider” – sử dụng sai động từ “consider”
   ✅ Sửa: “Considering the economic situation, governments must cut spending.”
   Giải thích: Cần “considering” (preposition) để link ideas, không phải “consider” (main verb)

5. ❌ Lỗi: “In view of recent developments in AI technology have improved”
   ✅ Sửa: “In view of recent developments in AI technology, efficiency has improved.”
   Giải thích: “In view of” + noun phrase, không thể có verb “have improved” trong phrase

6. ✅ Đúng
   Giải thích: Correct structure với “considering that” + clause

7. ❌ Lỗi: Dùng “in view of” với nghĩa literal “nhìn thấy”
   ✅ Sửa: “The hotel offers great mountain views.” hoặc “In view of increasing tourism demand, the hotel was built in this location.”
   Giải thích: “In view of” không có nghĩa “view” (tầm nhìn)

8. ✅ Đúng
   Giải thích: Perfect structure và punctuation

9. ❌ Lỗi: Thiếu dấu phẩy
   ✅ Sửa: “Considering the research, new policies are necessary.”
   Giải thích: Comma required after introductory phrase

10. ✅ Đúng
    Giải thích: Good use với parallel structure (three noun phrases)

Đáp Án Bài Tập 3:

1. Sample answer:
   “In view of climate change, renewable energy is increasingly important.”
   “Considering the threat of climate change, renewable energy has become essential.”

2. Sample answer:
   “Considering the limitations, the results are impressive.”
   “The results are impressive, considering the constraints faced.”

3. Sample answer:
   “Considering that technology has transformed education, traditional teaching methods need updating.”
   “In view of the technological transformation of education, traditional methods require revision.”

4. Sample answer:
   “In view of the government’s failure to consider public opinion, the policy was unsuccessful.”
   “Considering that the government ignored public opinion, the policy’s failure was predictable.”

5. Sample answer:
   “In view of worsening traffic congestion, public transportation improvements are essential.”
   “Considering that traffic congestion continues to worsen, authorities should enhance public transport systems.”

Đáp Án Bài Tập 4:

1. Sample answer (Band 8):
   “In view of the fact that pollution has become a serious global problem, governments must take immediate and decisive action to protect the environment.”

2. Sample answer (Band 8):
   “Considering that technology has fundamentally changed how students learn, teachers need to develop new skills to integrate digital tools effectively into their teaching.”

3. Sample answer (Band 8):
   “In view of rapidly increasing obesity rates, particularly among children, comprehensive public health campaigns are necessary to promote healthier lifestyles.”

4. Sample answer (Band 8.5):
   “Considering that automation threatens millions of jobs across various industries, governments should invest in retraining programs to help workers acquire new skills for the changing job market.”

5. Sample answer (Band 8.5):
   “In view of the aging population in many developed countries, which will inevitably lead to rising healthcare costs, long-term government planning is essential to ensure sustainable healthcare systems.”

Đáp Án Bài Tập 5:

Sample paragraph (Band 8):

“While arts funding is important, I believe governments should prioritize public services. In view of the fundamental role that healthcare, education, and infrastructure play in citizens’ daily lives, these areas require substantial investment to function effectively. For instance, inadequate healthcare systems can lead to preventable deaths, while poor education limits future economic opportunities. Considering that public services directly impact the welfare and productivity of the entire population, they should receive priority funding. Arts and culture, though valuable for society, can be supported through private sponsorship and community initiatives. In view of limited government budgets, strategic allocation to essential services represents the most responsible approach to public spending.”

Analysis:

• Uses “in view of” twice and “considering that” once
• Clear position stated
• Supporting reasons with examples
• Logical structure: priority → reasons → counterpoint → conclusion
• Band 8 features: complex sentences, range of vocabulary, cohesion

Kết Bài

“In view of” và “considering” là hai công cụ ngữ pháp mạnh mẽ giúp bạn nâng cao band điểm IELTS, đặc biệt trong Writing Task 2 và Speaking Part 3. Tuy nhiên, thành công không chỉ nằm ở việc ghi nhớ công thức mà còn ở khả năng sử dụng linh hoạt, tự nhiên và phù hợp với ngữ cảnh.

Những điểm quan trọng cần nhớ:

✅ Formality matters: Sử dụng trong formal contexts (Writing Task 2, Speaking Part 3), tránh dùng trong casual conversations

✅ Structure accuracy: “In view of” + noun phrase, “Considering that” + clause

✅ Punctuation: Luôn có dấu phẩy sau introductory phrase

✅ Variety: Không lặp lại quá nhiều, kết hợp với các cấu trúc khác như “due to”, “given that”, “because of”

✅ Natural integration: Đừng force structures vào câu, chỉ dùng khi thực sự phù hợp với ý bạn muốn diễn đạt

✅ Band progression:

• Band 7: Sử dụng chính xác trong simple contexts
• Band 8: Kết hợp với complex structures (relative clauses, passive voice)
• Band 9: Natural, flexible usage với sophisticated vocabulary

Lộ trình luyện tập hiệu quả:

Week 1-2: Nắm vững công thức và làm bài tập cơ bản

• Làm các bài tập điền từ, tìm lỗi sai
• Viết 10 câu đơn giản mỗi ngày

Week 3-4: Vận dụng vào Writing

• Phân tích 5 bài mẫu Band 8-9, highlight các formal structures
• Viết 3 paragraphs mỗi tuần sử dụng “in view of” và “considering”
• Nhờ teacher/bạn học feedback

Week 5-6: Practice Speaking

• Record Part 3 responses về 10 topics khác nhau
• Listen back và check naturalness
• Không dùng quá 1-2 lần per response

Week 7-8: Integration

• Làm full Writing Task 2 essays
• Practice Speaking mock tests
• Focus on variety: combine formal structures với other linking devices

Đề Luyện Tập

Speaking Topics:

1. Technology & Society: “How has technology changed the way people communicate? What are the advantages and disadvantages?”

   • Yêu cầu: Sử dụng “considering that” khi nói về changes, “in view of” khi đưa ra recommendations

2. Environment: “What can governments do to encourage people to protect the environment?”

   • Yêu cầu: Dùng “in view of” + environmental problems, “considering” + human behavior patterns

3. Education: “Do you think traditional classroom learning will be replaced by online education?”

   • Yêu cầu: “Considering that” + technological trends, “in view of” + learning needs

Writing Topics:

1. Opinion Essay: Some people believe that governments should invest more in public transportation rather than building more roads. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

   • Yêu cầu: Sử dụng “in view of” trong introduction hoặc body paragraph để nêu bối cảnh (traffic congestion, environmental concerns), “considering” để phân tích pros/cons

2. Problem-Solution: Many cities around the world are facing serious air pollution problems. What are the causes of this issue and what solutions can you suggest?

   • Yêu cầu: “In view of” + causes khi chuyển sang solutions paragraph, “considering the effectiveness of” khi evaluate solutions

3. Discussion: Some people think that the best way to reduce crime is to give longer prison sentences. Others believe that there are better alternative ways to reduce crime. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

   • Yêu cầu: “In view of” + crime statistics/research, “considering that” + discuss effectiveness of each approach

4. Advantage-Disadvantage: More and more companies are allowing employees to work from home. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?

   • Yêu cầu: “Considering” + flexibility benefits, “in view of” + productivity concerns, use both in balanced analysis

Practice Guidelines:

• Mỗi essay (250 words) nên có: 1-2 lần “in view of”, 1-2 lần “considering”
• Đảm bảo các structures không lặp lại consecutive sentences
• Kết hợp với ít nhất 3 formal structures khác (relative clauses, passive, conditionals)
• Self-check punctuation: comma sau every introductory phrase
• Read aloud để check naturalness

Final Tips:

🎯 Quality over quantity: 2-3 lần dùng đúng tốt hơn 5-6 lần dùng forced

🎯 Context awareness: Formal structures cần formal topics

🎯 Continuous learning: Đọc Cambridge IELTS essays, note down how examiners use these structures

🎯 Feedback loop: Nhờ teachers hoặc study partners check natural usage

Chúc các bạn học tập hiệu quả và đạt band điểm mong muốn trong kỳ thi IELTS! In view of your dedication and practice, success is within reach. Considering that you now have comprehensive knowledge of these structures, it’s time to put them into practice confidently.