Possessive Pronouns vs Possessive Adjectives: Phân Biệt & Cách Dùng Chính Xác Cho IELTS Band 7+

Giới Thiệu

Possessive Pronouns và Possessive Adjectives là hai cấu trúc ngữ pháp cơ bản nhưng cực kỳ quan trọng trong kỳ thi IELTS. Mặc dù có vẻ đơn giản, nhiều thí sinh vẫn thường nhầm lẫn giữa hai dạng này, dẫn đến những lỗi không đáng có ảnh hưởng đến điểm số. Sự khác biệt chính nằm ở vị trí và chức năng ngữ pháp: Possessive Adjectives đứng trước danh từ để bổ nghĩa, trong khi Possessive Pronouns thay thế cho cả cụm danh từ sở hữu.

Theo phân tích từ Cambridge IELTS 10-19, cả hai cấu trúc này xuất hiện với tần suất rất cao trong tất cả các phần thi, đặc biệt trong Speaking Part 1 và Part 2 khi mô tả về bản thân, gia đình, hoặc sở hữu cá nhân. Trong Writing Task 2, việc sử dụng chính xác các đại từ và tính từ sở hữu giúp tránh lặp từ và tạo sự mạch lạc cho bài viết.

Ví dụ vận dụng trong IELTS:

Speaking Part 1 (Personal information):
“My house is quite spacious, but yours is more modern and well-designed.”
→ Phân tích: “My” (possessive adjective) + house (noun) / “yours” (possessive pronoun) thay thế cho “your house”

Writing Task 2 (Opinion essay):
“Each generation has its own values and beliefs that differ from those of their parents.”
→ Phân tích: “its” (possessive adjective) + own values / “their” (possessive adjective) + parents

Speaking Part 2 (Describe a family member):
“My sister’s career is in medicine, while mine is in education.”
→ Phân tích: “My” (possessive adjective) + sister’s career / “mine” (possessive pronoun) = my career

Writing Task 1 (Describing data):
“The company increased its revenue significantly, whereas its competitors saw theirs decline.”
→ Phân tích: “its” (possessive adjective) xuất hiện 2 lần / “theirs” (possessive pronoun) thay thế “their revenue”

Speaking Part 3 (Discussion):
“Young people today have different priorities from ours when we were their age.”
→ Phân tích: “their” (possessive adjective) + age / “ours” (possessive pronoun) = our priorities

Trong bài viết này, bạn sẽ học:
✅ Định nghĩa rõ ràng về Possessive Pronouns và Possessive Adjectives
✅ Bảng phân biệt đầy đủ tất cả các dạng
✅ Công thức và vị trí sử dụng trong câu
✅ Cách vận dụng vào 4 kỹ năng IELTS với 25+ câu ví dụ Band 7-9
✅ So sánh chi tiết giữa hai cấu trúc
✅ 10 lỗi thường gặp nhất của học viên Việt Nam
✅ Bài tập thực hành có đáp án chi tiết

Possessive Adjectives Là Gì?

Định Nghĩa

Possessive Adjectives (Tính từ sở hữu) là những từ đứng trước danh từ để chỉ quyền sở hữu hoặc mối quan hệ của ai đó với danh từ đó. Trong tiếng Việt, chúng được hiểu như “của tôi”, “của bạn”, “của anh ấy”…

Chức năng chính:

• Bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng sau nó
• Chỉ sự sở hữu hoặc liên quan
• Luôn luôn đi kèm với danh từ (không thể đứng một mình)
• Thay thế cho cấu trúc “of + noun” để câu ngắn gọn hơn

Danh sách đầy đủ Possessive Adjectives:

Đại từ nhân xưng	Possessive Adjective	Nghĩa tiếng Việt
I	my	của tôi
You	your	của bạn
He	his	của anh ấy
She	her	của cô ấy
It	its	của nó
We	our	của chúng tôi
They	their	của họ

Khi nào dùng trong IELTS:

• Speaking: Mô tả bản thân, gia đình, sở hữu cá nhân
• Writing: Tránh lặp danh từ, tạo sự liên kết trong câu
• Listening/Reading: Nhận biết người sở hữu trong ngữ cảnh

Tần Suất Xuất Hiện Trong IELTS

Theo phân tích từ Cambridge IELTS 10-19:

Speaking:

• Part 1: Tần suất rất cao – Gần như mọi câu trả lời về bản thân, gia đình, sở thích
  • “What’s your hometown like?” → “My hometown is…”
  • “Do you live with your family?” → “Yes, I live with my parents in their house.”
• Part 2: Tần suất cao – Xuất hiện liên tục khi mô tả người, nơi chốn, sự vật
  • Describe a family member → “My father…”, “his job…”, “our relationship…”
• Part 3: Tần suất trung bình – Dùng khi so sánh hoặc đưa ra ý kiến
  • “People should respect their elders’ opinions.”

Writing:

• Task 1: Tần suất trung bình – Chủ yếu với “its” khi mô tả biểu đồ
  • “The company increased its profits…” / “Vietnam saw its GDP rise…”
• Task 2: Tần suất cao – Xuất hiện trong body paragraphs và examples
  • “Children need their parents’ guidance.”
  • “Each country has its own cultural values.”

Listening/Reading:

• Xuất hiện trong mọi bài nghe/đọc
• Quan trọng để xác định chủ thể sở hữu và mối quan hệ

Band Score Impact:

• Band 5-6: Sử dụng đúng các dạng cơ bản (my, your, his, her) nhưng có thể nhầm lẫn its/it’s
• Band 7: Sử dụng chính xác tất cả các dạng, không nhầm lẫn
• Band 8-9: Sử dụng linh hoạt kết hợp với các cấu trúc phức tạp khác

Possessive Pronouns Là Gì?

Định Nghĩa

Possessive Pronouns (Đại từ sở hữu) là những từ thay thế cho cả cụm “possessive adjective + noun” để tránh lặp từ. Chúng đứng độc lập, không cần danh từ đi kèm.

Chức năng chính:

• Thay thế cho cụm danh từ sở hữu đã được nhắc đến trước đó
• Tránh lặp từ trong câu và đoạn văn
• Đóng vai trò như một danh từ trong câu (có thể làm chủ ngữ, tân ngữ)
• Làm cho câu văn ngắn gọn, tự nhiên hơn

Danh sách đầy đủ Possessive Pronouns:

Đại từ nhân xưng	Possessive Pronoun	Nghĩa tiếng Việt	Thay thế cho
I	mine	của tôi	my + noun
You	yours	của bạn	your + noun
He	his	của anh ấy	his + noun
She	hers	của cô ấy	her + noun
It	–	–	(không có dạng đại từ)
We	ours	của chúng tôi	our + noun
They	theirs	của họ	their + noun

Lưu ý quan trọng: “It” không có dạng possessive pronoun. Không tồn tại từ “its” dùng độc lập.

Khi nào dùng trong IELTS:

• Speaking: Khi so sánh hoặc tránh lặp từ trong câu trả lời dài
• Writing: Tạo sự đa dạng từ vựng, tránh lặp danh từ
• Đặc biệt hữu ích trong các câu so sánh (comparisons)

Tần Suất Xuất Hiện Trong IELTS

Theo phân tích từ Cambridge IELTS 10-19:

Speaking:

• Part 1: Tần suất thấp – Hiếm khi cần thiết
• Part 2: Tần suất trung bình – Dùng khi so sánh hoặc tránh lặp
  • “My approach is different from yours.”
• Part 3: Tần suất cao hơn – Trong các câu phức và so sánh
  • “Young people’s values differ from theirs.” (= their parents’ values)

Writing:

• Task 1: Tần suất thấp – Ít khi cần thiết trong báo cáo số liệu
• Task 2: Tần suất trung bình – Xuất hiện trong body paragraphs khi so sánh
  • “While some prioritize career, others focus on theirs family life… I mean their family life.”
  • (Lưu ý: đây là lỗi thường gặp, sẽ phân tích ở phần sau)

Band Score Impact:

• Band 5-6: Có thể không sử dụng hoặc sử dụng sai
• Band 7: Sử dụng đúng khi cần thiết, đặc biệt trong so sánh
• Band 8-9: Sử dụng tự nhiên, linh hoạt để tránh lặp từ

Bảng so sánh chi tiết giữa Possessive Pronouns và Possessive Adjectives trong ngữ pháp tiếng Anh IELTS

Công Thức & Cấu Trúc

Công Thức Possessive Adjectives

📌 CÔNG THỨC:

┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Possessive Adjective + Noun (+ other elements) │
│                                                │
│ Ví dụ: My book is on the table.               │
│        Her ideas are innovative.               │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Thành phần câu:

• Possessive Adjective: my, your, his, her, its, our, their
• Noun: Danh từ bất kỳ (đếm được/không đếm được, số ít/số nhiều)
• Other elements: Có thể có tính từ bổ nghĩa, cụm giới từ, mệnh đề quan hệ…

Ví dụ phân tích chi tiết:

Câu 1: “She loves her new apartment in the city center.”
Phân tích:

• Subject: She
• Verb: loves
• Possessive Adjective: her
• Adjective: new
• Noun: apartment
• Prepositional phrase: in the city center

Câu 2: “Their research findings have changed our understanding of climate change.”
Phân tích:

• Possessive Adjective: Their (bổ nghĩa cho “research findings”)
• Subject: Their research findings
• Verb: have changed
• Possessive Adjective: our (bổ nghĩa cho “understanding”)
• Object: our understanding of climate change

Câu 3: “The company announced its quarterly results yesterday.”
Phân tích:

• Subject: The company
• Verb: announced
• Possessive Adjective: its (chỉ kết quả của công ty)
• Object: quarterly results

Công Thức Possessive Pronouns

📌 CÔNG THỨC:

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Subject + Verb + Possessive Pronoun              │
│ (KHÔNG có danh từ theo sau possessive pronoun)   │
│                                                  │
│ Ví dụ: This book is mine.                       │
│        That idea was yours.                      │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Thành phần câu:

• Possessive Pronoun: mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs
• Vị trí: Có thể làm chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, hoặc bổ ngữ
• Đặc điểm: Đứng độc lập, KHÔNG có danh từ theo sau

Ví dụ phân tích chi tiết:

Câu 1: “This laptop is mine, and that one is yours.”
Phân tích:

• Clause 1: This laptop (subject) + is (verb) + mine (subject complement – possessive pronoun thay cho “my laptop”)
• Clause 2: that one (subject) + is (verb) + yours (subject complement – thay cho “your laptop”)

Câu 2: “I’ve finished my assignment. Have you completed yours?”
Phân tích:

• Possessive adjective: my (my assignment)
• Possessive pronoun: yours (= your assignment, đóng vai trò tân ngữ của “completed”)

Câu 3: “Their house is bigger, but ours has a better location.”
Phân tích:

• First clause: Their (possessive adjective) + house
• Second clause: ours (possessive pronoun = our house, làm chủ ngữ) + has…

Vị Trí Trong Câu

Possessive Adjectives – LUÔN trước danh từ:

Vị trí	Cấu trúc	Ví dụ
Trực tiếp trước danh từ	Poss. Adj + Noun	my car, their opinions
Có tính từ chen giữa	Poss. Adj + Adj + Noun	his new smartphone, our best friend
Có số lượng từ	Poss. Adj + Number + Noun	my three sisters, their two children
Có “own” nhấn mạnh	Poss. Adj + own + Noun	my own business, their own problems

Possessive Pronouns – Vị trí linh hoạt:

Vai trò ngữ pháp	Ví dụ
Chủ ngữ	“Mine is the red one.”
Tân ngữ	“I prefer yours to mine.”
Bổ ngữ (sau be)	“This book is hers.”
Sau giới từ	“He’s a friend of mine.”

So Sánh Chi Tiết: Possessive Adjectives vs Possessive Pronouns

Bảng So Sánh Tổng Quan

Tiêu chí	Possessive Adjectives	Possessive Pronouns
Chức năng	Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ	Đại từ thay thế cho cụm danh từ
Vị trí	Trước danh từ	Đứng độc lập
Cấu trúc	my/your/his/her/its/our/their + NOUN	mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs (KHÔNG có noun)
Vai trò	Bổ nghĩa (modifier)	Chủ ngữ/Tân ngữ/Bổ ngữ
Ví dụ	“This is my book.”	“This book is mine.”
Có thể đứng một mình	KHÔNG	CÓ
Dạng với “it”	its (có dạng)	KHÔNG tồn tại

So Sánh Từng Cặp Chi Tiết

1. MY vs MINE

My (possessive adjective):

• “My career is in education.” (my + career)
• “I love my job because it’s meaningful.” (my + job)
• “My parents live in Hanoi.” (my + parents)

Mine (possessive pronoun):

• “This pen is mine.” (= my pen, đứng sau động từ “is”)
• “Mine is the blue one.” (= My one/item, làm chủ ngữ)
• “Your opinion differs from mine.” (= my opinion, sau giới từ)

2. YOUR vs YOURS

Your (possessive adjective):

• “What is your opinion on this matter?” (your + opinion)
• “I really like your presentation style.” (your + presentation style)
• “Is this your first time in Vietnam?” (your + first time)

Yours (possessive pronoun):

• “This success is yours to celebrate.” (= your success)
• “My house is small, but yours is spacious.” (= your house)
• “Is this book yours or mine?” (= your book)

3. HIS (đặc biệt – giống nhau cả hai dạng)

His (possessive adjective):

• “His research is groundbreaking.” (his + research)
• “I admire his dedication to work.” (his + dedication)

His (possessive pronoun):

• “This idea was his, not mine.” (= his idea)
• “My score is 7.0, and his is 8.0.” (= his score)

Lưu ý: “His” là dạng duy nhất giống nhau cho cả possessive adjective và possessive pronoun.

4. HER vs HERS

Her (possessive adjective):

• “Her presentation was excellent.” (her + presentation)
• “I borrowed her notes for the exam.” (her + notes)

Hers (possessive pronoun):

• “The victory was hers.” (= her victory)
• “This laptop is hers, not yours.” (= her laptop)
• “My room is tidy, but hers is messy.” (= her room)

5. ITS vs KHÔNG CÓ

Its (possessive adjective ONLY):

• “The company increased its profits.” (its + profits)
• “The dog wagged its tail.” (its + tail)
• “Vietnam has its own unique culture.” (its + own unique culture)

KHÔNG TỒN TẠI possessive pronoun cho “it”

• ❌ KHÔNG có dạng “its” đứng một mình
• ❌ KHÔNG viết: “This is its.”

6. OUR vs OURS

Our (possessive adjective):

• “Our team won the competition.” (our + team)
• “We should respect our cultural heritage.” (our + cultural heritage)

Ours (possessive pronoun):

• “The responsibility is ours.” (= our responsibility)
• “Their house is modern, but ours is traditional.” (= our house)
• “Victory will be ours!” (= our victory)

7. THEIR vs THEIRS

Their (possessive adjective):

• “Their children study abroad.” (their + children)
• “I respect their decision.” (their + decision)

Theirs (possessive pronoun):

• “The choice is theirs to make.” (= their choice)
• “Our method works, but theirs is more efficient.” (= their method)
• “These books are theirs, not ours.” (= their books)

Ví Dụ So Sánh Trong Cùng Ngữ Cảnh

Ngữ cảnh 1: Mô tả nhà ở

• Possessive Adjective: “My house has three bedrooms and their house has four.”
• Possessive Pronoun: “Mine has three bedrooms and theirs has four.”
• Kết hợp: “My house has three bedrooms, while theirs has four.”

Ngữ cảnh 2: So sánh ý kiến

• Possessive Adjective: “Your opinion is valid, but I prefer my approach.”
• Possessive Pronoun: “Yours is valid, but I prefer mine.”
• Kết hợp: “Your opinion is valid, but I prefer mine.”

Ngữ cảnh 3: Mô tả thành tựu

• Possessive Adjective: “Her achievement is impressive, and his achievement is too.”
• Possessive Pronoun: “Hers is impressive, and his is too.”
• Kết hợp cả hai: “Her achievement is impressive, and his is too.” (His vừa là adjective vừa là pronoun)

Các ví dụ minh họa cách sử dụng Possessive Adjectives và Pronouns trong bài thi IELTS Speaking và Writing

Cách Vận Dụng Vào IELTS

Speaking

Part 1 – Introduction & Interview

Topic: Family

Q: “Do you live with your family?”
A: “Yes, I live with my parents and my younger sister in our family house. My father runs his own business, while my mother is a teacher. Her school is quite close to our home.”
→ Phân tích: Sử dụng possessive adjectives (my, our, his, her) để mô tả các thành viên và sở hữu. Không cần possessive pronouns vì không có so sánh.

Q: “Whose career do you admire more – your father’s or your mother’s?”
A: “That’s difficult to say. My father’s career is successful, but my mother’s is more stable. If I have to choose, I’d say hers has more work-life balance.”
→ Phân tích: Sử dụng “hers” (possessive pronoun) để tránh lặp “her career”.

Topic: Hometown

Q: “What do you like about your hometown?”
A: “My hometown is a coastal city with beautiful beaches. What I love most is its relaxed atmosphere and friendly people. Compared to big cities like Hanoi, ours is much quieter and more peaceful.”
→ Phân tích: “its” (possessive adjective) + atmosphere / “ours” (possessive pronoun) = our hometown

Part 2 – Long Turn

Cue card: Describe a family member you admire

Sample answer Band 7+:
“I’d like to talk about my older brother, who I greatly admire. His name is Minh, and he’s currently working as a software engineer. What impresses me most is his dedication to his career while maintaining his personal relationships.

Unlike my approach to work, which is quite relaxed, his is extremely disciplined. Every morning, he wakes up at 5 AM to work on his personal projects before starting his main job. His determination has led to remarkable achievements.

When I compare my life to his, I realize that mine lacks the structure that his has. My goals are less defined, whereas his are crystal clear. However, I’m learning from his example.

Our relationship is very close. We often discuss our future plans, and he always shares his experiences with me. His advice has been invaluable, and I hope to achieve success like his one day.”

→ Phân tích Band 7+ features:

• Sử dụng possessive adjectives tự nhiên, liên tục (his xuất hiện 10 lần)
• Kết hợp possessive pronouns để so sánh (mine, his)
• Tránh lặp từ hiệu quả: “his approach” → “his” (pronoun)
• Cấu trúc phức: “the structure that his has” (his = his life)

Part 3 – Discussion

Topic: Generation gap

Q: “How do young people’s values differ from their parents’?”
A: “There’s definitely a significant difference. Young people today prioritize their personal freedom and career development, while their parents’ generation valued stability and family obligations more highly.

For instance, my generation tends to change jobs frequently to find better opportunities, but our parents stayed in their positions for decades. Their approach was more conservative, whereas ours is more adventurous.

However, I don’t think one approach is better than the other. Theirs provided security, while ours offers flexibility. Each generation has its own challenges and its own solutions.”

→ Phân tích Band 8+ features:

• Sử dụng cả possessive adjectives và pronouns
• “their parents'” (possessive với apostrophe)
• So sánh tự nhiên: “Theirs” vs “ours”
• “its own” (emphatic possessive construction)

Writing Task 1

Describing trends

Sample paragraph:
“The chart illustrates how three companies performed over a five-year period. Company A increased its market share from 25% to 40%, while Company B saw its share decline from 35% to 20%. Company C maintained its position at around 30% throughout the period.

When comparing their performances, Company A’s growth was the most impressive, whereas Company B’s decline was concerning. By 2024, Company A’s market share exceeded that of its competitors significantly.”

→ Phân tích:

• “its” (possessive adjective) xuất hiện nhiều lần với các danh từ khác nhau
• “their” để nói về tất cả các công ty
• “its competitors” = the competitors of Company A

Writing Task 2

Opinion Essay – Band 7 Sample

Topic: Should parents choose their children’s career?

Body Paragraph 1:
“Parents naturally want the best for their children and often believe that their life experience gives them wisdom to guide their children’s career choices. Their intentions are usually good – they want to protect their offspring from making mistakes that they made in their own youth.

For example, a parent who struggled financially might insist that their child pursue a stable career in medicine or law rather than following their passion for art. From their perspective, their advice is practical and loving.”

→ Phân tích Band 7:

• Sử dụng “their” nhất quán và chính xác
• Possessive adjectives với các danh từ đa dạng
• Cấu trúc rõ ràng, mạch lạc

Opinion Essay – Band 8-9 Sample

Body Paragraph 2:
“However, children must ultimately live their own lives, not their parents’. While parental guidance is valuable, young people need to make their own decisions and learn from their own mistakes. Their generation faces different challenges from those that their parents encountered, and their solutions must be different too.

Moreover, when children pursue careers chosen by their parents rather than their own passions, the results are often disappointing. Their motivation suffers, and their performance declines. In contrast, those who follow their genuine interests tend to achieve more success, as their work aligns with their values and theirs becomes a labor of love, not obligation.”

→ Phân tích Band 8-9:

• “their own” (emphatic form) xuất hiện nhiều lần
• “theirs” (possessive pronoun) sử dụng tự nhiên
• “their parents'” (possessive với apostrophe)
• Variety: không chỉ dùng possessive adjectives mà còn “parental” (related adjective)

Advantage/Disadvantage Essay – Band 8 Sample

Topic: Social media impact

“Social media platforms have transformed how people share their lives with others. Users constantly update their profiles, post their photos, and broadcast their opinions to their networks. This behavior has both benefits and drawbacks.

On the positive side, social media allows people to maintain their relationships across distances. Families separated by migration can share their daily experiences, and friends can keep track of their major life events. Their connections remain strong despite physical separation.

However, this constant sharing has its downsides. Many people curate their online personas carefully, showing only the positive aspects of their lives while hiding their struggles. This creates unrealistic comparisons – viewers see their friends’ highlight reels and feel that theirs pale in comparison. Their self-esteem suffers as they measure their authentic lives against others’ edited versions.”

→ Phân tích Band 8:

• “its” để nói về social media
• “theirs” (possessive pronoun) trong so sánh
• Multiple possessive constructions trong cùng một câu
• Natural flow và coherence

Những lỗi sai phổ biến nhất về Possessive Adjectives và Pronouns mà học viên Việt Nam thường mắc phải trong IELTS

Lỗi Thường Gặp & Cách Sửa

Lỗi 1: Nhầm lẫn giữa Its và It’s

❌ SAI:
“The company announced it’s new policy yesterday.”
“Vietnam is famous for it’s beautiful landscapes.”
“The dog wagged it’s tail happily.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“The company announced its new policy yesterday.”
“Vietnam is famous for its beautiful landscapes.”
“The dog wagged its tail happily.”

Giải thích:
Đây là lỗi CỰC KỲ phổ biến của học viên Việt Nam, có thể khiến bạn mất điểm Grammar nghiêm trọng trong Writing.

• its = possessive adjective (tính từ sở hữu) = “của nó”
• it’s = it is/it has (dạng rút gọn) = “nó là/nó đã”

Cách nhớ: Nếu bạn có thể thay bằng “it is” hoặc “it has” → dùng “it’s”. Nếu không được → dùng “its”.

Ví dụ thêm:

• ❌ “It’s difficult to predict it’s outcome.”
• ✅ “It’s difficult to predict its outcome.” (It is difficult… / its outcome = kết quả của nó)

Lưu ý quan trọng: Trong IELTS Writing, examiner rất chú ý đến lỗi này. Một vài lỗi “its/it’s” có thể kéo Grammar band xuống từ 7 về 6.

Lỗi 2: Thêm Danh Từ Sau Possessive Pronoun

❌ SAI:
“This book is mine book.”
“That car is yours car.”
“The idea was hers idea.”
“My house is small, but theirs house is big.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“This book is mine.” (không có “book” sau “mine”)
“That car is yours.”
“The idea was hers.”
“My house is small, but theirs is big.”

Giải thích:
Possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs) ĐÃ BAO GỒM cả danh từ, nên KHÔNG BAO GIỜ thêm danh từ phía sau.

Quy tắc vàng:

• Possessive Adjective + Noun = my book
• Possessive Pronoun (alone) = mine (= my book)

Ví dụ so sánh:

• ✅ “My book is here.” (possessive adjective + noun)
• ✅ “This book is mine.” (possessive pronoun, không có noun)
• ❌ “This book is mine book.” (SAI – lặp)

Trong IELTS Speaking:
Examiner: “Whose opinion do you agree with more?”

• ❌ “I agree with yours opinion more than mine opinion.”
• ✅ “I agree with yours more than mine.”

Lỗi 3: Nhầm lẫn Their, There, They’re

❌ SAI:
“They’re house is beautiful.”
“There children study abroad.”
“Students should respect they’re teachers.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“Their house is beautiful.”
“Their children study abroad.”
“Students should respect their teachers.”

Giải thích:
Ba từ này phát âm giống nhau (homophones) nhưng nghĩa và cách dùng hoàn toàn khác:

• their = possessive adjective (tính từ sở hữu) = “của họ”
• there = adverb (trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn) = “ở đó”
• they’re = they are (dạng rút gọn) = “họ là/họ đang”

Ví dụ trong câu:

• “Their house is over there, and they’re very proud of it.”
  (Nhà của họ ở đằng kia, và họ rất tự hào về nó.)

Cách kiểm tra:

• Nếu nói về sở hữu → their
• Nếu chỉ địa điểm → there
• Nếu có thể thay bằng “they are” → they’re

Trong IELTS Writing Task 2:

• ❌ “Young people need there parents’ support when there starting they’re careers.”
• ✅ “Young people need their parents’ support when they’re starting their careers.”

Lưu ý: Lỗi này rất phổ biến ở học viên Việt Nam vì cả ba từ đều phát âm là /ðeə(r)/ hoặc /ðer/.

Lỗi 4: Sử dụng Your Thay Vì Yours Trong So Sánh

❌ SAI:
“My phone is newer than your.”
“His idea is better than your.”
“I prefer my approach to your.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“My phone is newer than yours.”
“His idea is better than yours.”
“I prefer my approach to yours.”

Giải thích:
Trong câu so sánh, khi không có danh từ theo sau, phải dùng possessive pronoun (yours), không dùng possessive adjective (your).

So sánh hai cách:

• ✅ “My phone is newer than your phone.” (có danh từ “phone” → dùng “your”)
• ✅ “My phone is newer than yours.” (không có danh từ → dùng “yours” = your phone)
• ❌ “My phone is newer than your.” (SAI – thiếu danh từ hoặc sai dạng)

Ví dụ trong IELTS Speaking Part 3:
Q: “Is your lifestyle different from your parents’?”

• ❌ “Yes, my lifestyle is very different from your… I mean, their.”
• ✅ “Yes, my lifestyle is very different from theirs.”

Pattern thường gặp:

• different from yours/his/hers/ours/theirs
• similar to yours/his/hers/ours/theirs
• better/worse than yours/his/hers/ours/theirs

Lỗi 5: Quên ‘S Trong Hers, Yours, Theirs

❌ SAI:
“This book is her.”
“That pen is your.”
“The victory was their.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“This book is hers.”
“That pen is yours.”
“The victory was theirs.”

Giải thích:
Possessive pronouns phải có ‘S’ ở cuối (trừ mine và his). Đây là lỗi cơ bản nhưng vẫn rất phổ biến.

Danh sách đầy đủ:

• mine (không có ‘s’)
• yours (có ‘s’)
• his (không có ‘s’)
• hers (có ‘s’)
• ours (có ‘s’)
• theirs (có ‘s’)

Cách nhớ: Tất cả possessive pronouns có hơn 1 âm tiết đều kết thúc bằng ‘s’ (yours, hers, ours, theirs).

Trong IELTS Writing:

• ❌ “Each country has its own culture. Ours is unique, and their is too.”
• ✅ “Each country has its own culture. Ours is unique, and theirs is too.”

Lỗi 6: Sử dụng Its Như Possessive Pronoun

❌ SAI:
“My company is successful, and its is too.”
“The dog lost its ball. Have you seen its?”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“My company is successful, and it is too.”
“The dog lost its ball. Have you seen it?”

Giải thích:
“Its” CHỈ tồn tại như possessive adjective (đi kèm danh từ). KHÔNG có dạng possessive pronoun cho “it”. Phải dùng cách diễn đạt khác.

Cách thay thế:

• Dùng “it” (đại từ nhân xưng)
• Lặp lại danh từ
• Dùng cụm từ khác

Ví dụ sửa lỗi:

• ❌ “This company increased its profits, but that company didn’t increase its.”
• ✅ “This company increased its profits, but that company didn’t increase its profits.” (lặp lại)
• ✅ “This company increased its profits, but that company didn’t.” (lược bỏ)

Lỗi 7: Quên Apostrophe Trong Possessive Nouns

❌ SAI:
“My parents house is big.”
“The companys profits increased.”
“Childrens education is important.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“My parents’ house is big.”
“The company’s profits increased.”
“Children’s education is important.”

Giải thích:
Khi danh từ sở hữu cái gì đó, cần thêm apostrophe (‘s hoặc s’):

• Danh từ số ít: thêm ‘s (company’s, child’s, teacher’s)
• Danh từ số nhiều tận cùng ‘s’: thêm ‘ (parents’, students’, teachers’)
• Danh từ số nhiều không tận cùng ‘s’: thêm ‘s (children’s, people’s, men’s)

Trong IELTS Writing Task 2:
“Parents’ opinions are important, but children’s choices should be respected too.”

Lưu ý: Đừng nhầm lẫn:

• their (possessive adjective) = của họ
• their parents’ (noun possessive) = của cha mẹ của họ

Lỗi 8: Dùng My Own’s Thay Vì My Own

❌ SAI:
“I have my own’s opinion.”
“She started her own’s business.”
“They made their own’s decision.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“I have my own opinion.”
“She started her own business.”
“They made their own decision.”

Giải thích:
“Own” đi sau possessive adjective không cần thêm ‘s’. Cấu trúc “possessive adjective + own + noun” đã hoàn chỉnh.

Cấu trúc đúng:

• my own + noun
• your own + noun
• his/her/its/our/their own + noun

Ví dụ Band 7+ trong IELTS:
“Young people should make their own decisions about their careers rather than following their parents’ wishes.”

Lỗi 9: Nhầm Whose Với Who’s

❌ SAI:
“Who’s book is this?”
“The person who’s car is blocking mine should move it.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“Whose book is this?”
“The person whose car is blocking mine should move it.”

Giải thích:

• whose = possessive form (của ai, mà…của)
• who’s = who is/who has (ai là/ai đã)

Test: Nếu thay được bằng “who is” → dùng “who’s”, nếu không → dùng “whose”

Ví dụ trong IELTS Speaking:

• “Whose opinion do you value most?” (Ý kiến của ai…)
• “Who’s your role model?” (Who is your role model?)

Lỗi 10: Sử dụng Of + Possessive Pronoun

❌ SAI:
“He is a friend of mine’s.”
“That book is one of yours’s.”
“She is a colleague of theirs’s.”

✅ ĐÚNG:
“He is a friend of mine.”
“That book is one of yours.”
“She is a colleague of theirs.”

Giải thích:
Cấu trúc “of + possessive pronoun” ĐÃ hoàn chỉnh, không thêm ‘s’ nữa.

Các cấu trúc đúng:

• a friend of mine (một người bạn của tôi)
• some friends of ours (vài người bạn của chúng tôi)
• this idea of yours (ý tưởng này của bạn)
• that habit of his (thói quen đó của anh ấy)

Trong IELTS Speaking Part 2:
“I’d like to talk about a teacher of mine who greatly influenced my life. She was different from other teachers of ours because of her innovative methods.”

So sánh:

• ✅ a friend of mine (possessive pronoun)
• ✅ my friend (possessive adjective)
• ✅ a friend of my brother’s (double possessive với noun)
• ❌ a friend of mine’s (SAI – không tồn tại)

Bài tập thực hành phân biệt Possessive Pronouns và Possessive Adjectives với đáp án cho IELTS

Bài Tập Thực Hành

Bài Tập 1: Điền Possessive Adjective Hoặc Possessive Pronoun

Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng (my/mine, your/yours, his, her/hers, its, our/ours, their/theirs):

1. This is book, and that one is .
2. parents live in Hanoi, but live in Ho Chi Minh City.
3. The company increased ___ profits by 20% last year.
4. Is this pen or ?
5. We should respect opinions even if they differ from .
6. Each country has ___ own culture and traditions.
7. house is bigger than , but ___ has a better location.
8. The dog wagged tail when it saw owner.
9. My sister started business last year, and now it’s more successful than .
10. generation faces different challenges from parents’.
11. I’ve finished homework. Have you completed ?
12. The team celebrated victory, which was well-deserved. was the result of months of hard work.
13. Your idea is interesting, but I prefer to .
14. They sold old car and bought a new one. is much more fuel-efficient.
15. Is this coffee or ? I can’t remember.

Bài Tập 2: Tìm Và Sửa Lỗi Sai

Mỗi câu có 1-2 lỗi sai. Tìm và sửa lại:

1. This is mine book, and that is your. [2 lỗi]
2. The company announced it’s new policy yesterday.
3. They’re children study at an international school.
4. My opinion is different from your.
5. Her house is bigger than our.
6. Its a beautiful day, and the city looks lovely under it’s blue sky. [2 lỗi]
7. I prefer my approach to your approach, but his is better than mine approach. [1 lỗi]
8. Whose coming to the party? I think its John and his friends.
9. The dog lost it’s ball. Have you seen its?
10. My parents house is old, but theirs house is new. [2 lỗi]
11. Each student should bring their own’s materials to class.
12. Your right – hers opinion makes more sense than their.
13. This laptop is her, and that tablet is your.
14. My score is 7.5, and his score is 8.0, so his is higher than my.
15. The responsibility is our to take action.

Bài Tập 3: Chọn Đáp Án Đúng

Chọn từ đúng trong ngoặc:

1. (My/Mine) hometown is smaller than (your/yours) .
2. (Their/Theirs/There/They’re) going to (their/theirs/there/they’re) new house tomorrow.
3. The company values (its/it’s) employees, and (its/it’s) obvious in (its/it’s) ___ policies.
4. (Whose/Who’s) presentation was better – (her/hers) or (his/his) ___?
5. I’ve lost (my/mine) keys. Are these (your/yours) ?
6. (Our/Ours) team won the competition, but (their/theirs) performed well too.
7. This is a friend of (my/mine) ___ from university.
8. (Her/Hers) children are studying abroad, while (our/ours) are still in Vietnam.
9. Each generation has (its/it’s) ___ own values.
10. (Your/Yours) opinion matters, but the final decision is (their/theirs) to make.

Bài Tập 4: Viết Lại Câu

Viết lại câu sử dụng possessive pronoun để tránh lặp từ:

Ví dụ:

• Original: “My car is red, and your car is blue.”
• Rewrite: “My car is red, and yours is blue.”

1. My house has three bedrooms, and their house has four bedrooms.
   → ___

2. Your presentation was good, but his presentation was better.
   → ___

3. Our team finished the project, but their team hasn’t finished their project yet.
   → ___

4. I’ve read my book, but she hasn’t read her book.
   → ___

5. His opinion is valid, and my opinion is valid too.
   → ___

6. Your method works well, but our method is more efficient.
   → ___

7. My children study hard, and her children study hard too.
   → ___

8. Their company grew rapidly, but our company grew slowly.
   → ___

Bài Tập 5: IELTS Speaking Practice

Trả lời các câu hỏi sau, sử dụng possessive adjectives và pronouns phù hợp:

Part 1 Questions:

1. Do you live with your family? (Sử dụng ít nhất 3 possessive adjectives)
   Your answer: ___

2. How is your daily routine different from your parents’? (Sử dụng ít nhất 1 possessive pronoun)
   Your answer: ___

3. Whose opinion do you value most in your family? (Sử dụng cả adjectives và pronouns)
   Your answer: ___

Part 2 Task:
Describe a possession that is important to you.
You should say:

• What it is
• How you got it
• Why it’s important
  And explain how it compares to similar possessions of others.

(Viết câu trả lời 4-6 câu, sử dụng ít nhất 5 possessive forms)

Part 3 Questions:

1. How have people’s attitudes toward possessions changed over generations?
   Your answer: ___

2. Do you think people spend too much time maintaining their possessions?
   Your answer: ___

Bài Tập 6: IELTS Writing Task 2 Practice

Topic: Some people believe that children should follow their parents’ career advice, while others think children should make their own choices. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Viết một body paragraph (150-180 words) thảo luận về quan điểm thứ nhất. Yêu cầu:

• Sử dụng ít nhất 8 possessive adjectives
• Sử dụng ít nhất 2 possessive pronouns
• Sử dụng đúng “its/it’s” ít nhất 1 lần
• Tránh lỗi their/there/they’re

Your paragraph:

---

---

---

---

Đáp Án Chi Tiết

Đáp Án Bài Tập 1

1. my book, and that one is yours.

   • “my” (possessive adjective) + book
   • “yours” (possessive pronoun) = your book

2. My parents live in Hanoi, but theirs/yours live in Ho Chi Minh City.

   • “My” (possessive adjective) + parents
   • “theirs/yours” (possessive pronoun) = their/your parents

3. The company increased its profits by 20% last year.

   • “its” (possessive adjective) + profits
   • Lưu ý: KHÔNG phải “it’s” (it is)

4. Is this your pen or mine?

   • “your” (possessive adjective) + pen
   • “mine” (possessive pronoun) = my pen

5. We should respect their opinions even if they differ from ours.

   • “their” (possessive adjective) + opinions
   • “ours” (possessive pronoun) = our opinions

6. Each country has its own culture and traditions.

   • “its” (possessive adjective) + own culture

7. Their/Your house is bigger than ours/mine, but ours/mine has a better location.

   • Nhiều đáp án đúng tùy ngữ cảnh
   • Ví dụ: “Their house is bigger than ours, but ours has a better location.”

8. The dog wagged its tail when it saw its owner.

   • “its” (possessive adjective) cả hai lần
   • Lưu ý: KHÔNG có dạng possessive pronoun cho “it”

9. My sister started her business last year, and now it’s more successful than mine.

   • “her” (possessive adjective) + business
   • “mine” (possessive pronoun) = my business

10. Our generation faces different challenges from our parents’.

    • “Our” (possessive adjective) + generation
    • “our parents'” (noun possessive với apostrophe)

11. I’ve finished my homework. Have you completed yours?

    • “my” (possessive adjective) + homework
    • “yours” (possessive pronoun) = your homework

12. The team celebrated their victory, which was well-deserved. Theirs was the result of months of hard work.

    • “their” (possessive adjective) + victory
    • “Theirs” (possessive pronoun) = Their victory, làm chủ ngữ câu

13. Your idea is interesting, but I prefer mine to yours.

    • “mine” (possessive pronoun) = my idea
    • “yours” (possessive pronoun) = your idea

14. They sold their old car and bought a new one. Theirs is much more fuel-efficient.

    • “their” (possessive adjective) + old car
    • “Theirs” (possessive pronoun) = Their new car

15. Is this coffee yours or mine?

    • “yours” (possessive pronoun) = your coffee
    • “mine” (possessive pronoun) = my coffee

Đáp Án Bài Tập 2

1. ❌ “This is mine book, and that is your.”
   ✅ “This is my book, and that is yours.”

   • “mine” → “my” (cần possessive adjective trước noun)
   • “your” → “yours” (cần possessive pronoun khi không có noun)

2. ❌ “The company announced it’s new policy yesterday.”
   ✅ “The company announced its new policy yesterday.”

   • “it’s” = it is/it has (SAI)
   • “its” = possessive adjective (ĐÚNG)

3. ❌ “They’re children study at an international school.”
   ✅ “Their children study at an international school.”

   • “They’re” = they are (SAI)
   • “Their” = possessive adjective (ĐÚNG)

4. ❌ “My opinion is different from your.”
   ✅ “My opinion is different from yours.”

   • Cần possessive pronoun khi không có noun sau

5. ❌ “Her house is bigger than our.”
   ✅ “Her house is bigger than ours.”

   • “our” → “ours” (possessive pronoun)

6. ❌ “Its a beautiful day, and the city looks lovely under it’s blue sky.”
   ✅ “It’s a beautiful day, and the city looks lovely under its blue sky.”

   • “Its” → “It’s” (It is a beautiful day)
   • “it’s” → “its” (its blue sky – possessive adjective)

7. ❌ “I prefer my approach to your approach, but his is better than mine approach.”
   ✅ “I prefer my approach to your approach, but his is better than mine.”

   • “mine approach” → “mine” (possessive pronoun không có noun)

8. ❌ “Whose coming to the party? I think its John and his friends.”
   ✅ “Who’s coming to the party? I think it’s John and his friends.”

   • “Whose” → “Who’s” (Who is coming)
   • “its” → “it’s” (it is John)

9. ❌ “The dog lost it’s ball. Have you seen its?”
   ✅ “The dog lost its ball. Have you seen it?”

   • “it’s” → “its” (possessive adjective)
   • “its” → “it” (không có possessive pronoun cho “it”)

10. ❌ “My parents house is old, but theirs house is new.”
    ✅ “My parents’ house is old, but their house is new.”

    • “parents” → “parents'” (thêm apostrophe)
    • “theirs house” → “their house” (possessive adjective + noun)

11. ❌ “Each student should bring their own’s materials to class.”
    ✅ “Each student should bring their own materials to class.”

    • “own’s” → “own” (không thêm ‘s)

12. ❌ “Your right – hers opinion makes more sense than their.”
    ✅ “You’re right – her opinion makes more sense than theirs.”

    • “Your” → “You’re” (You are right)
    • “hers opinion” → “her opinion” (possessive adjective + noun)
    • “their” → “theirs” (possessive pronoun khi không có noun)

13. ❌ “This laptop is her, and that tablet is your.”
    ✅ “This laptop is hers, and that tablet is yours.”

    • “her” → “hers” (possessive pronoun cần ‘s’)
    • “your” → “yours” (possessive pronoun cần ‘s’)

14. ❌ “My score is 7.5, and his score is 8.0, so his is higher than my.”
    ✅ “My score is 7.5, and his score is 8.0, so his is higher than mine.”

    • “my” → “mine” (possessive pronoun)

15. ❌ “The responsibility is our to take action.”
    ✅ “The responsibility is ours to take action.”

    • “our” → “ours” (possessive pronoun cần ‘s’)

Đáp Án Bài Tập 3

1. My hometown is smaller than yours.
2. They’re going to their new house tomorrow.
3. The company values its employees, and it’s obvious in its policies.
4. Whose presentation was better – hers or his?
5. I’ve lost my keys. Are these yours?
6. Our team won the competition, but theirs performed well too.
7. This is a friend of mine from university.
8. Her children are studying abroad, while ours are still in Vietnam.
9. Each generation has its own values.
10. Your opinion matters, but the final decision is theirs to make.

Đáp Án Bài Tập 4

1. My house has three bedrooms, and theirs has four.
2. Your presentation was good, but his was better.
3. Our team finished the project, but theirs hasn’t finished yet.
4. I’ve read my book, but she hasn’t read hers.
5. His opinion is valid, and mine is too.
6. Your method works well, but ours is more efficient.
7. My children study hard, and hers study hard too.
8. Their company grew rapidly, but ours grew slowly.

Đáp Án Bài Tập 5 – Sample Answers

Part 1 Questions:

1. “Yes, I live with my parents and my younger brother in our family home. My father works in business, while my mother is a teacher. Our house is quite spacious, with enough room for everyone.”

2. “My daily routine is quite different from theirs. My parents wake up very early, around 5:30 AM, but mine usually starts at 7 AM. Their schedule is more rigid, while mine is more flexible because of my student lifestyle.”

3. “I value my mother’s opinion most in our family. Her advice is always practical and thoughtful. While my father’s opinions are important too, hers tend to resonate more with my current situation and challenges.”

Part 2 Sample Answer:

“I’d like to talk about my laptop, which is extremely important to me. It’s a MacBook that my parents gave me for my university studies. Unlike my friends’ laptops, which are mainly for entertainment, mine is essential for my academic work and future career.

What makes it special is not just its functionality but its sentimental value. My parents saved for months to afford it, showing their commitment to my education. When I compare my laptop to others, theirs might have better specifications, but mine represents my family’s support and their belief in my potential.”

Đáp Án Bài Tập 6 – Sample Paragraph

Sample Body Paragraph Band 7-8:

“On the one hand, parents have valuable experience that can guide their children’s career decisions. Their life experiences and their understanding of the job market can help their children avoid costly mistakes. For instance, parents who have worked in their fields for decades understand its challenges and its rewards better than young people just starting out. Their advice is usually motivated by love and their desire to see their children succeed. Moreover, their generation faced different economic conditions, and theirs was often more focused on job security than ours is today. Therefore, their perspective, while sometimes conservative, comes from their genuine concern for their children’s welfare and their wish to protect them from financial instability.”

Phân tích:

• Possessive adjectives: “their” (xuất hiện 13 lần), “its” (2 lần)
• Possessive pronouns: “Theirs” (1 lần), “ours” (1 lần)
• Sử dụng đúng “its” (của nó) không nhầm với “it’s”
• Không có lỗi their/there/they’re
• Band 7-8 features: Variety, coherence, complex structures

Nâng Cao – Cách Dùng Để Đạt Band 8+

Kết Hợp Với Các Cấu Trúc Khác

Possessive + Relative Clause

“The company, which has increased its market share significantly, is now focusing on expanding its operations overseas.”
→ Band 8+ features: Possessive adjective trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (non-defining relative clause)

“Students whose parents support their decisions tend to perform better than those whose parents impose theirs.”
→ Sophisticated: Sử dụng “whose” (possessive relative pronoun) kết hợp với possessive adjectives và pronouns

Possessive + Passive Voice

“Their proposal was rejected, but ours was accepted and its implementation has already begun.”
→ Advanced usage: Kết hợp possessive forms với passive structures

“Her research has been praised for its originality, while his has been criticized for its lack of depth.”
→ Band 9 features: Multiple possessive forms trong cấu trúc bị động, song song

Possessive + Modal Verbs

“Their approach might have succeeded in their context, but ours would have failed in theirs.”
→ Complex: Possessive pronouns với modal perfects, tạo câu giả định phức tạp

“Each country should develop its own solutions rather than copying theirs.”
→ Modal + possessive: Sophisticated advice structure

Double Possessive Construction

Cấu trúc: a/an/this/that + noun + of + possessive pronoun

“A friend of mine recently started a business of his in technology.”
→ Band 8 structure: “of + possessive pronoun” thay vì “my friend”

“This idea of yours is brilliant, but that suggestion of theirs needs more consideration.”
→ Natural demonstrative + noun + of + possessive pronoun

“Some colleagues of ours have moved abroad, while several friends of theirs have returned.”
→ Quantifier + noun + of + possessive pronoun

So sánh:

• ✅ “a friend of mine” (natural, Band 8+)
• ✅ “my friend” (correct but simpler, Band 6-7)
• ❌ “a friend of my” (grammatically wrong)
• ❌ “a my friend” (grammatically wrong)

Emphatic Possessive: Own

Cấu trúc: possessive adjective + own + noun

“Each generation must find its own solutions to its own problems.”
→ Emphasis: “own” nhấn mạnh tính độc lập, riêng biệt

“Young people need to make their own mistakes and learn from their own experiences.”
→ Band 8 features: Repetition của “own” để nhấn mạnh

“While I respect your opinion, I prefer to follow my own judgment.”
→ Contrast: “your” (simple) vs “my own” (emphatic)

Biến thể nâng cao:

“Their very own approach differs significantly from ours.”
→ “very own” = extremely emphatic

“She has her own unique perspective on the issue.”
→ “own + adjective + noun” = sophisticated modification

Possessive trong Academic Writing

IELTS Writing Task 2 – Band 9 Features:

Problem-Solution Essay:
“Global warming and its devastating effects require immediate action. While governments must fulfill their responsibilities, individuals should also change their lifestyles. Each nation must address its own carbon emissions while cooperating with its neighbors. Theirs is not just an environmental duty but a moral imperative to their future generations.”

Phân tích Band 9:

• “its devastating effects” (possessive + adjective + noun)
• “their responsibilities” và “their lifestyles” (parallel structure)
• “its own carbon emissions” (emphatic possessive)
• “Theirs” làm chủ ngữ (sophisticated)
• “their future generations” (forward reference)

Opinion Essay với Double Possessive:

“A concern of mine regarding modern education is its excessive focus on testing. This approach of theirs – referring to policymakers – ignores students’ individual needs. While their intentions might be good, their methods and theirs alone cannot measure true learning. Each student has his or her own learning style, and our education system must respect this diversity.”

→ Band 9 features:

• Double possessive: “a concern of mine”, “this approach of theirs”
• “his or her own” (gender-inclusive emphatic possessive)
• Variety: its, their, theirs, his or her, our

Cụm Từ Nâng Cao

Academic Collocations với Possessive Forms:

Collocation	Ví dụ	Band Level	Ngữ cảnh
in its entirety	“We must consider the problem in its entirety.”	8+	Academic, formal
of their own accord	“Students learned of their own accord.”	8+	Autonomy, independence
to their credit	“To their credit, they acknowledged the mistake.”	8+	Praise, acknowledgment
in their right mind	“No one in their right mind would do that.”	7+	Judgment, reasoning
on its merits	“Judge the proposal on its merits alone.”	8+	Evaluation, fairness
for its own sake	“Art for its own sake, not commercial gain.”	9	Philosophy, principles
of our own making	“These problems are of our own making.”	8+	Responsibility
theirs for the taking	“Success is theirs for the taking.”	8+	Opportunity

Ví dụ trong IELTS Writing Task 2:

“To their credit, younger generations are more environmentally conscious than theirs were. They understand that climate change must be addressed in its entirety, not piecemeal. The solutions, however, must be evaluated on their merits rather than their political popularity. Each country must take responsibility for problems of its own making while cooperating globally.”

→ Band 9 features: 5 advanced collocations, natural flow, variety

Avoiding Repetition với Possessive Pronouns

Band 6-7 (repetitive):
“My hometown has a rich history. My hometown’s architecture reflects this history. My hometown’s people are proud of my hometown’s heritage.”

Band 8+ (using possessive pronouns):
“My hometown has a rich history. Its architecture reflects this heritage, and its people are proud of theirs. Unlike neighboring cities, ours has preserved its character while modernizing its infrastructure.”

→ Improvement:

• “My hometown’s” → “Its” (possessive adjective)
• “my hometown’s heritage” → “theirs” (possessive pronoun)
• “my hometown” → “ours” (possessive pronoun)

Band 8-9 strategies:

1. First mention: Use full noun phrase
2. Subsequent mentions: Use possessive adjectives
3. Comparisons: Use possessive pronouns
4. Avoid repeating same possessive form more than twice consecutively

Tips Ghi Điểm Cao Trong IELTS

Speaking Tips

Part 1: Tự nhiên và chính xác

• Sử dụng possessive adjectives liên tục khi nói về bản thân, gia đình
• Ví dụ: “My family…”, “my parents…”, “their house…”, “our traditions…”
• KHÔNG cần possessive pronouns nhiều trong Part 1

Part 2: Tránh lặp từ

• Đề bài thường yêu cầu mô tả person/place/object
• Dùng possessive pronouns để tránh lặp tên người/địa danh
• Ví dụ: “My teacher’s method is different from other teachers’. Hers is more interactive.”

Part 3: So sánh và phân tích

• Possessive pronouns cực kỳ hữu ích khi so sánh generations/groups
• “Young people’s values differ from theirs.” (= their parents’ values)
• “Our generation faces challenges different from theirs.”

Common Speaking Topics với Possessive Forms:

Topic	Key Possessive Phrases
Family	my parents, their house, our family, his/her job
Education	my school, its facilities, our teachers, their methods
Hometown	my hometown, its history, our traditions, their culture
Future Plans	my goals, their expectations, our generation
Technology	its impact, their devices, our lives

Writing Tips

Task 1: Mô tả data

• Sử dụng “its” để nói về companies, countries, categories
• “Vietnam increased its exports…” / “The company expanded its market share…”
• HIẾM khi cần possessive pronouns trong Task 1

Task 2: Body Paragraphs

Giới thiệu ý kiến:

• “Their argument is that…” (= Those people’s argument)
• “Our society must…” (= The society we live in)

Đưa ra ví dụ:

• “My own experience shows…” (personal example)
• “In my country, its education system…” (specific example)

So sánh:

• “While their approach focuses on X, ours emphasizes Y.”
• “Their generation valued X more than ours does.”

Kết luận:

• “Each society must find its own solutions.”
• “The decision is theirs to make.”

Checklist Band 7-9

Band 7 Requirements:

• ✅ Sử dụng chính xác my, your, his, her, its, our, their
• ✅ KHÔNG nhầm lẫn its/it’s
• ✅ KHÔNG nhầm lẫn their/there/they’re
• ✅ Sử dụng possessive pronouns đúng khi cần
• ✅ Có thể sử dụng “whose” chính xác

Band 8 Additional Requirements:

• ✅ Sử dụng possessive pronouns tự nhiên để tránh lặp từ
• ✅ Kết hợp possessive forms với relative clauses
• ✅ Sử dụng “own” để nhấn mạnh (my own, their own)
• ✅ Double possessive (a friend of mine)
• ✅ Academic collocations (in its entirety, to their credit)

Band 9 Additional Features:

• ✅ Variety cao: không lặp lại cùng một pattern
• ✅ Complex integration với passive, modals, conditionals
• ✅ Natural flow: possessive forms không gây gián đoạn
• ✅ Sophisticated collocations
• ✅ Zero errors trong toàn bài

Kết Bài

Possessive Adjectives và Possessive Pronouns là hai cấu trúc ngữ pháp tưởng chừng đơn giản nhưng lại đóng vai trò cực kỳ quan trọng trong việc đạt điểm cao IELTS. Sự khác biệt cốt lõi nằm ở chức năng: Possessive Adjectives (my, your, his, her, its, our, their) đi kèm với danh từ để bổ nghĩa, trong khi Possessive Pronouns (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs) đứng độc lập thay thế cho cả cụm danh từ sở hữu.

Qua bài viết này, bạn đã nắm được:

Kiến thức cốt lõi:

• Định nghĩa rõ ràng về hai loại possessive forms
• Bảng phân biệt đầy đủ tất cả các dạng
• Công thức và vị trí sử dụng trong câu
• So sánh chi tiết giữa possessive adjectives và pronouns

Kỹ năng vận dụng:

• Cách sử dụng trong Speaking (Part 1, 2, 3)
• Cách áp dụng vào Writing (Task 1 và 2)
• 25+ ví dụ thực tế từ đề thi IELTS
• Sample answers Band 7-9

Tránh lỗi sai:

• 10 lỗi phổ biến nhất của học viên Việt Nam
• Giải thích chi tiết nguyên nhân và cách sửa
• Đặc biệt: its/it’s, their/there/they’re, yours/your

Nâng cao Band 8-9:

• Kết hợp với relative clauses, passive voice, modals
• Double possessive construction (a friend of mine)
• Emphatic possessive với “own”
• Academic collocations nâng cao

Lộ Trình Luyện Tập

Tuần 1-2: Nền tảng

• Học thuộc bảng possessive adjectives và pronouns
• Làm bài tập cơ bản (điền từ, chọn đáp án)
• Tập nhận diện lỗi its/it’s, their/there/they’re

Tuần 3-4: Thực hành

• Viết câu mô tả về bản thân, gia đình sử dụng possessive forms
• Luyện Speaking Part 1 topics: Family, Hometown, Study
• Viết đoạn văn ngắn (50-70 words) sử dụng ít nhất 5 possessive forms

Tuần 5-6: Nâng cao

• Luyện sử dụng possessive pronouns trong so sánh
• Speaking Part 3: Thực hành trả lời câu hỏi discussion
• Writing Task 2: Viết body paragraphs hoàn chỉnh

Tuần 7-8: Hoàn thiện

• Làm bài test hoàn chỉnh (Full Speaking + Writing)
• Review và sửa lỗi
• Tự tin sử dụng trong thi thật

Đề Luyện Tập

Speaking Topics:

1. Describe a family member who has influenced you

   • Yêu cầu: Sử dụng ít nhất 8 possessive adjectives và 2 possessive pronouns
   • Focus: his/her + noun, theirs trong so sánh

2. Talk about changes in your hometown

   • Yêu cầu: Sử dụng “its” để mô tả đặc điểm của hometown
   • Focus: its history, its development, its people

3. Compare your lifestyle with your parents’ generation

   • Yêu cầu: Sử dụng possessive pronouns để so sánh (ours, theirs)
   • Focus: Our generation vs theirs

4. Describe a possession that is important to you

   • Yêu cầu: Giải thích its importance, so sánh với others’
   • Focus: its value, theirs vs mine

5. Discuss how young people’s values differ from their parents’

   • Yêu cầu: So sánh values, beliefs, approaches
   • Focus: their values vs theirs (parents’)

Writing Task 2 Topics:

1. Parents vs Children – Career Choice
   “Some people believe parents should choose their children’s careers, while others think children should make their own choices.”

   • Focus: their children, their decisions, theirs to make

2. Generation Gap
   “The gap between generations is widening. What are the causes and solutions?”

   • Focus: our generation, their generation, its causes

3. Individual vs Society Responsibility
   “Some say individuals are responsible for their own health, others say it’s the government’s responsibility.”

   • Focus: their health, its responsibility, theirs vs government’s

4. Technology Impact
   “Technology has changed how people interact. Is this positive or negative?”

   • Focus: its impact, their lives, our society

5. Education System
   “Each country has its own education system. Should there be a global standard?”

   • Focus: its own system, their methods, ours vs theirs

Yêu cầu chung cho mọi đề:

• Speaking: Mỗi câu trả lời ít nhất 5 possessive forms
• Writing: Mỗi body paragraph ít nhất 8 possessive adjectives và 2 possessive pronouns
• Zero errors về its/it’s, their/there/they’re
• Tự nhiên, không forced

Tài Nguyên Bổ Sung

Để tiếp tục luyện tập:

• Cambridge IELTS 10-19: Tìm và phân tích possessive forms trong sample answers
• IELTS Speaking Part 2/3: Ghi âm và đếm số lần sử dụng possessive forms
• Writing Task 2 samples Band 8-9: Highlight tất cả possessive constructions
• Grammar checker: Grammarly, hemingwayapp.com (kiểm tra lỗi its/it’s)

Lưu ý cuối:
Possessive forms là grammar cơ bản nhưng examiners rất chú ý đến accuracy. Một vài lỗi “its/it’s” hoặc “their/there” có thể kéo Grammar band xuống đáng kể. Hãy luyện tập đến khi sử dụng tự động, không cần suy nghĩ!

Chúc bạn học tốt và đạt Band điểm mong muốn trong kỳ thi IELTS!