IELTS Speaking: Cách Trả Lời “Describe a Person Who Is Very Good at Resolving Issues” – Bài Mẫu Band 6-9

Mở bài

Chủ đề “Describe A Person Who Is Very Good At Resolving Issues” là một trong những đề bài thường xuyên xuất hiện trong IELTS Speaking Part 2, đặc biệt phổ biến từ năm 2022 đến nay. Theo thống kê từ các trung tâm thi IELTS trên toàn cầu, chủ đề này xuất hiện với tần suất trung bình cao trong quý 1 và quý 3 hàng năm. Dự đoán khả năng xuất hiện trong tương lai vẫn ở mức cao do tính thực tiễn và phổ biến của đề bài.

Đề bài này yêu cầu thí sinh miêu tả một người giỏi giải quyết vấn đề – có thể là đồng nghiệp, bạn bè, thành viên gia đình hoặc người quen. Điểm đặc biệt của chủ đề này là nó kiểm tra khả năng sử dụng từ vựng liên quan đến problem-solving skills, leadership qualities và interpersonal relationships – những nhóm từ vựng quan trọng trong IELTS.

Trong bài viết này, bạn sẽ học được:

• Câu hỏi thường gặp trong cả 3 Part của IELTS Speaking về chủ đề này
• Bài mẫu chi tiết theo nhiều band điểm từ 6-7, 7.5-8 đến 8.5-9 với phân tích chuyên sâu
• Hơn 50 từ vựng và cụm từ ăn điểm liên quan đến problem-solving và personal qualities
• Chiến lược trả lời hiệu quả từ góc nhìn của examiner
• Các lỗi thường gặp của học viên Việt Nam và cách khắc phục

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IELTS Speaking Part 1: Introduction and Interview

Tổng Quan Về Part 1

Thời gian: 4-5 phút

Đặc điểm: Part 1 bao gồm các câu hỏi ngắn về cuộc sống hàng ngày, sở thích cá nhân và những chủ đề quen thuộc. Examiner sẽ đánh giá khả năng giao tiếp tự nhiên và trả lời spontaneous của bạn.

Chiến lược: Trả lời trực tiếp câu hỏi trong 1-2 câu đầu, sau đó mở rộng với lý do hoặc ví dụ cụ thể. Mỗi câu trả lời nên dài 2-3 câu (khoảng 15-20 giây).

Lỗi thường gặp của học viên Việt Nam:

• Trả lời quá ngắn chỉ “Yes” hoặc “No” không giải thích
• Dùng từ vựng quá đơn giản, lặp đi lặp lại (good, bad, nice)
• Thiếu ví dụ cụ thể từ kinh nghiệm bản thân
• Ngập ngừng quá nhiều do không chuẩn bị tâm lý
• Trả lời không tự nhiên, giống như đọc thuộc lòng

Các Câu Hỏi Thường Gặp

Question 1: Do you think you are good at solving problems?

Question 2: What kind of problems do you usually face in your daily life?

Question 3: Who do you usually turn to when you have a problem?

Question 4: Do you prefer to solve problems on your own or ask for help?

Question 5: Have you ever helped someone solve a difficult problem?

Question 6: What do you think makes someone good at solving problems?

Question 7: Do you think young people today face more problems than previous generations?

Question 8: How do you feel when you successfully solve a problem?

Phân Tích và Gợi Ý Trả Lời Chi Tiết

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Question: Do you think you are good at solving problems?

🎯 Cách tiếp cận:

• Trả lời trực tiếp Yes/No hoặc It depends
• Đưa ra lý do cụ thể hoặc ví dụ minh họa
• Có thể thừa nhận điểm mạnh và điểm yếu để câu trả lời authentic hơn

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

“I think I’m quite good at solving everyday problems. When something goes wrong, I usually stay calm and try to find a solution. For example, last week my computer crashed before an important presentation, but I managed to fix it by restarting the system.”

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh: Trả lời trực tiếp, có ví dụ cụ thể, sử dụng linking words (when, but)
• Hạn chế: Từ vựng còn basic (quite good, goes wrong, managed to fix), cấu trúc câu đơn giản
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Câu trả lời rõ ràng và có ví dụ nhưng thiếu từ vựng nâng cao và depth trong phân tích

📝 Sample Answer – Band 8-9:

“I’d say I’m reasonably adept at problem-solving, particularly when it comes to logistical issues or technical glitches. I tend to approach challenges methodically – first assessing the situation, then weighing up different options before taking action. That said, I’m still working on improving my ability to handle interpersonal conflicts, which I find more nuanced and emotionally demanding.”

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh:
  • Vocabulary tinh vi: “reasonably adept at”, “logistical issues”, “technical glitches”, “approach challenges methodically”
  • Cấu trúc phức tạp: “I tend to…”, “That said…”, mệnh đề quan hệ “which I find…”
  • Phân tích có chiều sâu: phân biệt giữa technical problems và interpersonal conflicts
  • Thừa nhận limitation một cách tự nhiên, honest
• Tại sao Band 8-9:
  • Fluency: Natural flow với discourse markers (I’d say, That said)
  • Vocabulary: Precise và sophisticated (methodically, nuanced, emotionally demanding)
  • Grammar: Complex structures được sử dụng chính xác
  • Ideas: Thoughtful, balanced answer cho thấy self-awareness

💡 Key Vocabulary & Expressions:

• reasonably adept at: khá thành thạo trong việc
• logistical issues: vấn đề về hậu cần, logistics
• approach challenges methodically: tiếp cận thách thức một cách có phương pháp
• weighing up different options: cân nhắc các lựa chọn khác nhau
• interpersonal conflicts: xung đột trong quan hệ giữa người với người

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Question: Who do you usually turn to when you have a problem?

🎯 Cách tiếp cận:

• Nói rõ người bạn thường nhờ giúp đỡ
• Giải thích tại sao chọn người đó
• Có thể đề cập đến loại vấn đề cụ thể

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

“When I have problems, I usually ask my older sister for advice. She’s very experienced and always gives me good suggestions. If it’s about work, I might talk to my colleagues instead because they understand my job better.”

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh: Trả lời rõ ràng, có sự phân biệt giữa các tình huống khác nhau
• Hạn chế: Từ vựng basic (good suggestions, understand better), thiếu detail về why sister is helpful
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Adequate answer với structure hợp lý nhưng chưa sophisticated

📝 Sample Answer – Band 8-9:

“It really depends on the nature of the problem. For personal dilemmas, I tend to confide in my best friend, who’s incredibly perceptive and non-judgmental. She has this knack for seeing things from different angles, which helps me gain perspective. However, for professional challenges, I usually seek guidance from my mentor at work, who has years of industry experience and can offer practical, actionable advice. I’m also becoming more comfortable reaching out to online communities when I need specialized expertise.”

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh:
  • Opening với “It depends…” cho thấy critical thinking
  • Phân loại rõ ràng: personal vs professional problems
  • Vocabulary phong phú: confide in, perceptive, non-judgmental, knack for, gain perspective
  • Giải thích chi tiết WHY chọn người đó
  • Mention thêm alternative (online communities) cho thấy flexibility
• Tại sao Band 8-9:
  • Fluency: Smooth transitions giữa các ideas
  • Vocabulary: Collocations tự nhiên (confide in, seek guidance from, reach out to)
  • Grammar: Variety of structures (relative clauses, present continuous for changing habits)
  • Content: Well-developed với multiple examples và reasons

💡 Key Vocabulary & Expressions:

• depends on the nature of the problem: phụ thuộc vào bản chất của vấn đề
• confide in someone: tâm sự, chia sẻ bí mật với ai đó
• perceptive: nhạy bén, sáng suốt
• have a knack for: có tài, có khiếu về việc gì
• gain perspective: có cái nhìn rộng hơn về vấn đề
• actionable advice: lời khuyên có thể áp dụng được ngay

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Question: What do you think makes someone good at solving problems?

🎯 Cách tiếp cận:

• Liệt kê 2-3 qualities quan trọng
• Giải thích hoặc cho ví dụ cho mỗi quality
• Có thể nói về personal experience để minh họa

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

“I think good problem-solvers need to be calm and patient. They shouldn’t panic when problems happen. Also, they need to be creative to think of different solutions. Experience is important too because they can learn from past situations.”

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh: Nêu được nhiều qualities (calm, patient, creative, experienced)
• Hạn chế: Các ideas chưa được develop fully, thiếu examples cụ thể, từ vựng repetitive (need to be)
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Covers the question nhưng lacks depth và sophisticated language

📝 Sample Answer – Band 8-9:

“From my observation, effective problem-solvers typically possess several key attributes. First and foremost, they need analytical thinking – the ability to break down complex issues into manageable components. They also demonstrate emotional intelligence, remaining level-headed even under pressure, which prevents them from making rash decisions. Additionally, I think adaptability is crucial because rigid thinking rarely leads to innovative solutions. The best problem-solvers I know are also excellent communicators who can articulate their reasoning clearly and collaborate effectively with others to pool resources and ideas.”

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh:
  • Structure rõ ràng: First and foremost, also, additionally
  • Vocabulary sophisticated: analytical thinking, emotional intelligence, level-headed, rash decisions, rigid thinking
  • Explains each quality with reasoning (why it matters)
  • Personal touch: “from my observation”, “the best problem-solvers I know”
  • Complex grammar: relative clauses, noun phrases, compound sentences
• Tại sao Band 8-9:
  • Fluency: Well-organized với logical flow
  • Vocabulary: Topic-specific và precise (analytical thinking, emotional intelligence)
  • Grammar: Wide range of complex structures used accurately
  • Ideas: Comprehensive với clear explanations và connections

💡 Key Vocabulary & Expressions:

• key attributes: những đặc điểm then chốt
• analytical thinking: tư duy phân tích
• break down complex issues: chia nhỏ vấn đề phức tạp
• level-headed: bình tĩnh, điềm đạm
• rash decisions: quyết định vội vàng, thiếu suy nghĩ
• articulate their reasoning: diễn đạt lý lẽ của họ một cách rõ ràng
• pool resources and ideas: gộp chung nguồn lực và ý tưởng

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IELTS Speaking Part 2: Long Turn (Cue Card)

Tổng Quan Về Part 2

Thời gian chuẩn bị: 1 phút
Thời gian nói: 2-3 phút (không bị ngắt)

Đặc điểm: Part 2 là phần độc thoại trong đó bạn cần nói liên tục về một chủ đề cụ thể dựa trên cue card. Examiner sẽ không ngắt lời và chỉ lắng nghe, đánh giá fluency, coherence, vocabulary và grammar của bạn.

Chiến lược:

• Sử dụng đầy đủ 1 phút chuẩn bị: Ghi chú keywords, không viết câu hoàn chỉnh
• Lên outline nhanh theo bullet points trên cue card
• Nói đủ 2 phút (tối thiểu 1.5 phút) – nếu nói dưới 1.5 phút, band điểm sẽ bị ảnh hưởng
• Trả lời đầy đủ tất cả bullet points, đặc biệt câu “explain” cuối cùng
• Sử dụng past tenses khi mô tả sự kiện đã xảy ra
• Dùng discourse markers để tạo coherence (First, Then, After that, Finally)

Lỗi thường gặp:

• Không tận dụng hết 1 phút chuẩn bị, bắt đầu nói quá sớm
• Viết câu hoàn chỉnh thay vì keywords trong phút chuẩn bị
• Nói dưới 1.5 phút hoặc vượt quá 3 phút
• Bỏ sót bullet points, đặc biệt phần “explain”
• Mô tả quá chung chung, thiếu details cụ thể
• Dùng sai thì động từ (dùng hiện tại khi cần dùng quá khứ)

Cue Card

Describe a person who is very good at resolving issues

You should say:

• Who this person is
• How you know this person
• What kinds of issues this person has resolved
• And explain why you think this person is good at resolving issues

Phân Tích Đề Bài

Dạng câu hỏi: Describe a person – yêu cầu miêu tả một người cụ thể

Thì động từ: Chủ yếu dùng Present Simple khi nói về characteristics của người đó, Present Perfect khi nói về kinh nghiệm của họ, và Past Simple khi kể về examples cụ thể

Bullet points phải cover:

1. Who this person is – Giới thiệu người đó (danh tính, vai trò trong cuộc sống bạn)
2. How you know this person – Mối quan hệ, cách bạn quen biết
3. What kinds of issues this person has resolved – Examples cụ thể về problems họ đã giải quyết
4. Explain why – Phần quan trọng nhất: Phân tích qualities, skills khiến họ giỏi problem-solving

Câu “explain” quan trọng: Đây là phần ghi điểm cao nhất. Examiner muốn nghe analysis sâu sắc, không chỉ miêu tả surface-level. Bạn cần giải thích về skills, personality traits, approach của người đó, và impact của họ.

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7

Thời lượng: Khoảng 1.5-2 phút

I’d like to talk about my manager, Mr. Thanh, who is really good at solving problems at work.

I’ve known Mr. Thanh for about two years since I started working at my company. He’s the head of our marketing department and I work directly under him. He’s in his late thirties and has been with the company for almost ten years.

Mr. Thanh has resolved many different types of issues in our department. For example, last month we had a big problem with a client who was very unhappy with our advertising campaign. The client wanted to cancel the contract. Mr. Thanh met with them several times, listened to their concerns, and came up with a new plan that satisfied everyone. Another time, when two team members had a conflict about a project, he helped them talk to each other and find a solution together.

I think Mr. Thanh is good at resolving issues because he stays calm under pressure and never panics. He always listens carefully to everyone’s opinions before making a decision. He’s also very experienced, so he can think of solutions quickly. Additionally, he’s good at communicating and can explain things clearly to different people. When there’s a problem, everyone in the office trusts him to fix it. He’s taught me a lot about handling difficult situations at work, and I hope to develop similar skills in the future.

Phân Tích Band Điểm

Tiêu chí	Band	Nhận xét
Fluency & Coherence	6-7	Basic sequencing với “for example”, “another time”, “additionally”. Có logical flow nhưng thiếu variety trong cohesive devices. Speaks at length nhưng có occasional repetition (“good at”).
Lexical Resource	6-7	Vocabulary adequate cho topic (head of department, advertising campaign, conflict, under pressure). Có attempts sử dụng less common words (satisfied, concerns) nhưng vẫn chủ yếu là basic vocabulary. Ít paraphrasing.
Grammatical Range & Accuracy	6-7	Mix of simple và complex sentences. Một số structures tốt (relative clauses: “who was very unhappy”, “everyone in the office trusts him”). Tenses chính xác. Nhưng thiếu variety và sophistication.
Pronunciation	6-7	Generally clear và intelligible. Có thể có vài lỗi nhỏ về word stress nhưng không ảnh hưởng understanding.

Điểm mạnh:

• ✅ Covers tất cả bullet points đầy đủ
• ✅ Có specific examples (client problem, team conflict)
• ✅ Thì động từ sử dụng đúng
• ✅ Answer có structure rõ ràng theo thứ tự cue card

Hạn chế:

• ⚠️ Vocabulary còn basic và lặp lại (good at, problem, solved)
• ⚠️ Thiếu sophisticated expressions và collocations
• ⚠️ Phần explain chưa đủ sâu, còn general
• ⚠️ Linking words đơn giản, thiếu variety

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📝 Sample Answer – Band 7.5-8

Thời lượng: Khoảng 2-2.5 phút

I’d like to describe my former colleague, Ms. Lan, who I consider to be exceptionally skilled at resolving workplace conflicts and operational challenges.

I first met Lan three years ago when I joined the project management team at a tech startup in Ho Chi Minh City. She was the senior project coordinator, and I was immediately impressed by how she navigated the various challenges that arose in our fast-paced environment. Over the two years we worked together, I had numerous opportunities to observe her problem-solving prowess firsthand.

Lan has successfully tackled a wide range of issues. One particularly memorable example was when our team faced a critical deadline for a major client, but halfway through the project, we discovered that the technical specifications had been completely misunderstood. Instead of panicking, Lan immediately called an emergency meeting, broke down the problem systematically, and delegated tasks based on each team member’s strengths. She also negotiated a one-week extension with the client by being transparent about the situation and presenting a solid recovery plan. Another instance that stands out was when she mediated a serious disagreement between our design and development teams, who had very different visions for a product. She organized facilitated discussions where both sides could express their concerns, and ultimately helped them reach a compromise that actually improved the final product.

What makes Lan truly exceptional at resolving issues is her combination of technical knowledge and emotional intelligence. She has this remarkable ability to remain composed even in high-pressure situations, which helps others stay calm too. She’s also an active listener – she never jumps to conclusions but instead takes time to understand all perspectives before proposing solutions. Moreover, she’s very strategic in her thinking; she doesn’t just fix immediate problems but considers the long-term implications of each decision. I’ve learned so much from watching her work, and she’s definitely someone I look up to professionally.

Phân Tích Band Điểm

Tiêu chí	Band	Nhận xét
Fluency & Coherence	7.5-8	Speaks fluently với minimal hesitation. Good use of cohesive devices (over the two years, one particularly memorable example, another instance, moreover). Logical progression of ideas với clear paragraphing.
Lexical Resource	7.5-8	Good range of vocabulary (exceptionally skilled at, navigated, problem-solving prowess, tackled, mediated, facilitated discussions). Effective use of collocations (critical deadline, emergency meeting, emotional intelligence, long-term implications). Some less common phrases (jumped to conclusions, look up to).
Grammatical Range & Accuracy	7.5-8	Wide range of structures used accurately (relative clauses, past perfect, conditionals implied in context). Complex sentences với good control. Một số sophisticated structures (instead of + gerund, by + gerund).
Pronunciation	7.5-8	Clear pronunciation với good intonation patterns. Appropriate word stress và sentence stress. Easy to understand throughout.

So Sánh Với Band 6-7

Khía cạnh	Band 6-7	Band 7.5-8
Vocabulary	“good at solving problems”	“exceptionally skilled at resolving issues”, “problem-solving prowess”
Grammar	“He helped them talk to each other”	“She mediated a serious disagreement”, “helped them reach a compromise”
Ideas	“He stays calm and listens carefully”	“Her combination of technical knowledge and emotional intelligence”, “considers long-term implications”
Details	General examples	Specific, vivid examples with context và outcome

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📝 Sample Answer – Band 8.5-9

Thời lượng: 2.5-3 phút đầy đủ

I’d like to tell you about my uncle, Dr. Minh, who I’ve always regarded as a master of conflict resolution and someone with an extraordinary aptitude for finding innovative solutions to seemingly intractable problems.

Dr. Minh is my mother’s younger brother, and I’ve known him my entire life. He’s a veteran surgeon at one of Vietnam’s leading hospitals, but beyond his medical expertise, what truly distinguishes him is his uncanny ability to defuse tensions and orchestrate solutions in high-stakes situations. Growing up, I spent considerable time at his house during summer holidays, and as I matured, I came to appreciate just how instrumental his problem-solving skills have been, not just in his professional capacity but also in our extended family dynamics.

The range of issues he’s successfully addressed is remarkably diverse. On the professional front, I recall him recounting an incident where his department was on the verge of a major crisis due to a severe shortage of critical equipment and simultaneously an escalating conflict between senior and junior medical staff over work allocation. Rather than addressing these issues in isolation, he convened what he called a “collaborative problem-solving session” where all stakeholders could voice their concerns openly. He then spearheaded an initiative to reallocate resources more efficiently while implementing a mentorship program that transformed the hierarchical tension into a productive learning environment. The solution was so effective that it was subsequently adopted across other departments. On a personal level, I’ve witnessed him navigate some incredibly delicate family situations – including mediating a property dispute between relatives that had been festering for years. He approached it with remarkable sensitivity, ensuring everyone felt heard while gently steering the discussion toward mutually acceptable outcomes.

What I find most impressive about Uncle Minh’s problem-solving approach is his holistic perspective. He doesn’t simply treat symptoms; he identifies root causes and addresses them systematically. He possesses what I’d call exceptional situational awareness – an intuitive understanding of the undercurrents in any given scenario. More importantly, he’s remarkably adept at reframing problems as opportunities, which fundamentally shifts how people perceive challenges. His emotional regulation is extraordinary; I’ve never seen him lose his composure, regardless of how chaotic things become. He also has this genuine empathy that makes people instinctively trust his judgment. Additionally, he’s incredibly resourceful – where others see insurmountable obstacles, he identifies unconventional pathways forward. Observing him over the years has profoundly shaped my own approach to difficulties, teaching me that effective problem-solving is as much about managing human dynamics as it is about technical solutions.

Phân Tích Band Điểm

Tiêu chí	Band	Nhận xét
Fluency & Coherence	8.5-9	Speaks fluently và coherently với virtually no hesitation. Sophisticated use of cohesive devices (beyond, rather than, more importantly, additionally). Ideas flow naturally với excellent paragraphing và logical development. Speaks at length with ease.
Lexical Resource	8.5-9	Wide vocabulary range với precise và sophisticated choices (intractable, uncanny ability, defuse tensions, orchestrate solutions, instrumental, on the verge of, spearheaded, festering, holistic perspective, situational awareness, undercurrents, reframing). Natural use of idiomatic language (master of, lose his composure, profoundly shaped). Effective paraphrasing throughout.
Grammatical Range & Accuracy	8.5-9	Full range of structures used với full flexibility và accuracy. Complex sentences dominated (relative clauses, participle clauses, inversion, cleft sentences). Sophisticated structures (what I’d call, where others see…, he identifies…, as much about…as it is about…). Error-free.
Pronunciation	8.5-9	Pronunciation is effortless to understand với native-like features. Appropriate use of intonation, stress và rhythm enhances meaning. Phonological features highly effective.

Tại Sao Bài Này Xuất Sắc

🎯 Fluency Hoàn Hảo:
Bài nói flows naturally như một câu chuyện, không có hesitation hay repetition. Sử dụng discourse markers sophisticated (beyond his medical expertise, on the professional front, on a personal level) tạo clear structure.

📚 Vocabulary Tinh Vi:

• Collocations nâng cao: “seemingly intractable problems”, “defuse tensions”, “collaborative problem-solving session”, “productive learning environment”
• Idiomatic expressions: “on the verge of”, “voice their concerns openly”, “lose his composure”
• Academic/formal phrases: “in isolation”, “holistic perspective”, “situational awareness”, “fundamentally shifts”
• Paraphrasing xuất sắc: “good at solving problems” → “master of conflict resolution” → “extraordinary aptitude for finding solutions” → “exceptional situational awareness”

📝 Grammar Đa Dạng:

• Cleft sentences: “What I find most impressive…”, “What truly distinguishes him…”
• Participle clauses: “Growing up, I spent…”, “Observing him over the years has…”
• Complex relative clauses: “a mentorship program that transformed…”
• Inversion: không dùng nhiều nhưng có thể thêm nếu phù hợp
• Conditionals implied: “where others see obstacles, he identifies pathways”

💡 Ideas Sâu Sắc:

• Không chỉ describe actions mà analyze WHY người đó effective (holistic perspective, emotional regulation, reframing problems)
• Contrasts sophisticated: “doesn’t simply treat symptoms; he identifies root causes”
• Personal reflection: “profoundly shaped my own approach” cho thấy mature thinking
• Specific details mang tính credibility: tên vị trí (veteran surgeon), specific scenario (property dispute, equipment shortage)

Tương tự như describe a person who is very knowledgeable in their field, việc miêu tả người giỏi giải quyết vấn đề đòi hỏi bạn phải thể hiện được những phẩm chất cụ thể và examples thuyết phục.

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Follow-up Questions (Rounding Off Questions)

Examiner có thể hỏi thêm 1-2 câu ngắn sau Part 2 để transition sang Part 3:

Question 1: Was it difficult for this person to resolve those issues?

Band 6-7 Answer:
“I think some issues were quite challenging for him, especially the big problems with clients. But he has a lot of experience, so he could handle them well.”

Band 8-9 Answer:
“Well, I imagine the complexity varied considerably depending on the situation. The interpersonal conflicts were probably more nuanced and emotionally taxing than the technical challenges, simply because human dynamics are inherently unpredictable. That said, his extensive experience and well-honed instincts meant he could navigate even the thorniest situations with relative ease.”

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Question 2: Do you think you could resolve problems like this person?

Band 6-7 Answer:
“Not yet, I think. I still need more experience and practice. But I’m trying to learn from people like him and improve my skills gradually.”

Band 8-9 Answer:
“At present, I’d say I’m still developing those competencies. While I’ve made strides in handling straightforward problems, I don’t yet possess the nuanced understanding or emotional maturity required for the more complex scenarios he manages. However, observing him has given me a valuable blueprint, and I’m consciously working on cultivating similar qualities – particularly patience, active listening, and the ability to maintain perspective under pressure.”

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IELTS Speaking Part 3: Two-way Discussion

Tổng Quan Về Part 3

Thời gian: 4-5 phút

Đặc điểm: Part 3 là cuộc thảo luận two-way discussion giữa bạn và examiner về các vấn đề abstract và general liên quan đến chủ đề Part 2. Câu hỏi sẽ mang tính phân tích, so sánh, đánh giá sâu hơn.

Yêu cầu:

• Phân tích causes, effects, solutions
• So sánh past và present, different groups/perspectives
• Đưa ra opinions có reasoning rõ ràng
• Xem xét nhiều góc độ của issue (advantages vs disadvantages)
• Sử dụng examples từ society, không chỉ personal anecdotes

Chiến lược:

• Mở rộng câu trả lời (3-5 câu minimum)
• Sử dụng discourse markers để structure ideas (Well, I think, On the one hand, However)
• Đưa ra viewpoint → reason/explanation → example/evidence → conclusion/nuance
• Acknowledge complexity: “It’s a complex issue”, “There are multiple factors”
• Không cần đồng ý hoàn toàn với mọi premise trong câu hỏi, có thể challenge tactfully

Lỗi thường gặp của học viên Việt Nam:

• Trả lời quá ngắn (1-2 câu) giống Part 1
• Không phân tích sâu, chỉ nêu surface-level ideas
• Thiếu reasoning và examples to support opinions
• Chỉ nói về personal experience thay vì societal perspective
• Không có conclusion hoặc nuance trong câu trả lời
• Thiếu từ vựng abstract và academic
• Không dám disagree hoặc show different perspectives

Các Câu Hỏi Thảo Luận Sâu

Theme 1: Problem-solving in Society

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Question 1: What kinds of problems do people face in modern society compared to the past?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Compare and Contrast (past vs present)
• Key words: modern society, compared to the past
• Cách tiếp cận: So sánh problems của hai thời kỳ → analyze reasons → có thể nói which is more challenging

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

“I think modern people face different problems from the past. In the past, people worried about basic things like food and shelter. Now, people have problems with technology and work stress. For example, many people feel anxious about their jobs or spend too much time on social media. Also, environmental problems are bigger now than before.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Có comparison past vs present, có example
• Vocabulary: Basic words (worried about, basic things, bigger now)
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Answers the question với basic comparison nhưng lacks depth và sophisticated vocabulary. Ideas are clear but underdeveloped.

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

“Well, I’d say there’s been a fundamental shift in the nature of problems people grapple with. Historically speaking, previous generations primarily contended with existential challenges – securing adequate food, shelter, and physical safety were paramount concerns. While these issues haven’t been entirely eliminated, particularly in developing regions, the contemporary landscape presents a very different set of challenges.

Today’s problems are often more psychological and social in nature. We’re dealing with unprecedented levels of information overload, digital addiction, and what I’d call connectivity paradox – being more connected than ever yet feeling increasingly isolated. Work-related stress has intensified due to the blurring of boundaries between professional and personal life, especially with remote work becoming ubiquitous. Additionally, we face complex, systemic issues like climate change and economic inequality that require collective action rather than individual solutions.

What’s particularly interesting is that while we have more resources and technology to address problems, the problems themselves have become more nuanced and interconnected. It’s not that modern problems are necessarily more difficult – they’re just qualitatively different, requiring different skill sets to navigate.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Well-organized: Historical context → Modern problems → Analysis of the difference
• Vocabulary: Sophisticated (fundamental shift, grapple with, contended with, paramount concerns, contemporary landscape, connectivity paradox, ubiquitous, nuanced and interconnected)
• Grammar: Complex structures (while-clauses, present perfect, relative clauses, what I’d call…)
• Critical Thinking: Shows depth (explains not just WHAT is different but WHY and HOW), acknowledges complexity, provides nuanced conclusion

💡 Key Language Features:

• Discourse markers: Well, I’d say / Historically speaking / Additionally / What’s particularly interesting
• Tentative language: I’d say, I’d call, what’s particularly interesting (shows thoughtful consideration rather than absolute statements)
• Abstract nouns: existential challenges, connectivity paradox, collective action, systemic issues
• Formal conjunctions: while, particularly in, due to, rather than

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Question 2: Why do you think some people are better at solving problems than others?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Cause and Effect / Analysis
• Key words: why, some people, better at
• Cách tiếp cận: Identify factors (nature vs nurture) → explain each → examples

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

“Some people are naturally better at solving problems because they are smarter or more creative. Also, education is important. People who study more can think better and find solutions faster. Experience helps too – if you face many problems before, you learn how to deal with new ones. Maybe personality matters as well, like if you are calm or patient.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Lists several factors (intelligence, education, experience, personality)
• Vocabulary: Basic descriptive words
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Covers multiple factors but explanation superficial, lacks specific examples

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

“This is a fascinating question, and I think it boils down to a combination of innate qualities and learned skills.

On the innate side, some individuals seem to possess what psychologists call cognitive flexibility – the ability to shift perspectives and approach challenges from multiple angles. This often correlates with higher levels of creative thinking and lateral problem-solving abilities. There’s also the temperament factor; people who are naturally resilient and can tolerate ambiguity tend to perform better when facing complex issues because they don’t get paralyzed by uncertainty.

However, I’d argue that nurture plays an equally crucial role. People who’ve been exposed to diverse experiences and challenges throughout their lives develop what we might call a robust problem-solving toolkit. They’ve essentially built up a repertoire of strategies that they can draw upon in different situations. Education obviously matters, but not just formal education – practical, hands-on experience is often more valuable. Someone who’s navigated real-world challenges will typically outperform someone with purely theoretical knowledge.

There’s also a cultural dimension worth considering. Some cultures emphasize collective problem-solving and collaborative thinking, while others prioritize individual ingenuity. These cultural frameworks shape how people approach obstacles from an early age.

Ultimately, I believe the most effective problem-solvers are those who combine analytical rigor with emotional intelligence, drawing on both natural aptitude and cultivated expertise.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Clear organization: Innate factors → Learned skills → Cultural factors → Synthesis
• Vocabulary: Precise và academic (cognitive flexibility, correlates with, lateral problem-solving, tolerate ambiguity, robust toolkit, repertoire, analytical rigor, cultivated expertise)
• Grammar: Wide range (relative clauses, comparative structures, gerunds, passive voice, cleft sentences)
• Critical Thinking: Balanced view (nature AND nurture), acknowledges complexity, cultural awareness, synthesizes at the end

💡 Key Language Features:

• Discourse markers: On the innate side / However, I’d argue / There’s also / Ultimately
• Tentative/Academic language: I think it boils down to, seem to possess, what we might call, worth considering
• Cause-effect language: correlates with, boils down to, shapes how

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Theme 2: Problem-solving in the Workplace

Question 3: What skills do employers look for when hiring people for positions that require problem-solving?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Explanation / Listing with elaboration
• Key words: employers, skills, problem-solving positions
• Cách tiếp cận: List 2-3 key skills → explain why each is important → maybe give example of how it’s demonstrated

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

“Employers want to hire people who are good at thinking and finding solutions. They look for people with good communication skills because they need to work with teams. Also, they want people who can stay calm when there are problems. Computer skills are important too in many jobs nowadays. Maybe they also want people who are creative and can think of new ideas.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Lists various skills
• Vocabulary: Generic workplace vocabulary
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Answers the question adequately but lacks specific details và sophistication

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

“From what I’ve observed in the professional world, employers are increasingly seeking a specific constellation of competencies when recruiting for problem-solving roles.

First and foremost, they value analytical thinking – the capacity to dissect complex situations, identify patterns, and extrapolate meaningful insights from data. This isn’t just about number-crunching; it’s about discerning the signal from the noise and understanding underlying causalities. In interviews, they often assess this through case studies or scenario-based questions.

Equally crucial is adaptive thinking or what’s sometimes called agility. The business landscape is constantly evolving, and employers need people who can pivot quickly when circumstances change, rather than rigidly adhering to outdated approaches. This manifests in someone’s ability to learn new tools rapidly and apply transferable skills across different contexts.

Communication skills are also paramount, though not in the way many people assume. It’s not just about articulating ideas clearly – it’s about translating complex concepts into language that different stakeholders can understand, whether that’s breaking down technical jargon for clients or presenting data-driven recommendations to executives.

Additionally, there’s what I’d call collaborative intelligence – the ability to leverage collective expertise rather than operating in isolation. The most complex organizational problems rarely have straightforward solutions that one person can devise alone. Employers want people who can facilitate constructive dialogue, integrate diverse viewpoints, and build consensus.

Finally, emotional composure under pressure shouldn’t be underestimated. When things go wrong, organizations need people who can maintain clarity of thought rather than succumbing to stress or making impulsive decisions.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Excellently organized với clear markers (First and foremost, Equally crucial, Additionally, Finally)
• Vocabulary: Sophisticated workplace terminology (constellation of competencies, dissect complex situations, extrapolate insights, discerning signal from noise, pivot quickly, manifests, leverage collective expertise, facilitate constructive dialogue, maintain clarity of thought)
• Grammar: Varied structures (what’s sometimes called, whether that’s…or…, rather than + gerund)
• Critical Thinking: Goes beyond listing to explain WHY each skill matters và HOW it’s demonstrated

💡 Key Language Features:

• Formal cohesive devices: First and foremost, Equally crucial, Additionally, Finally
• Academic hedging: From what I’ve observed, what I’d call, shouldn’t be underestimated
• Explanation patterns: This isn’t just about X; it’s about Y / It’s not just about X – it’s about Y

Để hiểu rõ hơn về cách thể hiện năng lực chuyên môn, bạn có thể tham khảo describe a situation where you had to take responsibility for something – một chủ đề có nhiều điểm tương đồng về soft skills.

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Theme 3: Education and Problem-solving

Question 4: Should problem-solving skills be taught in schools? How?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Opinion + Suggestions (Should…? How?)
• Key words: should, taught in schools, how
• Cách tiếp cận: Answer yes/no + reasoning → Suggest practical methods → Acknowledge challenges

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

“Yes, I think schools should teach problem-solving skills because they are very useful for students’ future. Teachers can give students group projects where they need to work together to find solutions. Also, schools can teach students how to think logically and analyze situations. Maybe they can use real-life examples to make it more interesting for students. This will help students prepare for their jobs later.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Direct answer → some suggestions
• Vocabulary: Basic educational terms
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Answers both parts of question but suggestions are general, lacks specific pedagogical approaches

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

“Absolutely, and I’d argue this is becoming increasingly imperative in our rapidly changing world. Problem-solving shouldn’t be treated as a standalone subject but rather as a cross-cutting competency that’s woven into the entire curriculum.

As for implementation, I think there are several promising approaches. Project-based learning is particularly effective – rather than passively absorbing information, students engage with real-world challenges that require them to apply knowledge across disciplines. For instance, a project addressing local environmental issues could integrate science, mathematics, social studies, and even creative arts, compelling students to synthesize diverse knowledge bases.

Inquiry-based methodologies are equally valuable. Instead of simply providing answers, teachers can facilitate a process where students learn to formulate questions, conduct research, evaluate sources, and draw evidence-based conclusions. This cultivates not just problem-solving but critical thinking more broadly.

I’m also a proponent of incorporating design thinking workshops where students learn to empathize with end-users, prototype solutions, test them, and iterate based on feedback. This mirrors how innovation actually works in professional contexts and helps students understand that problem-solving is often an iterative process rather than a linear one.

That said, implementing this presents genuine challenges. Teachers themselves need professional development in these pedagogies, and there’s often tension between these approaches and traditional assessment frameworks that prioritize memorization. Additionally, this requires resources – materials, time, and sometimes technology – that not all schools have equal access to.

Nevertheless, I believe the long-term benefits – students who are adaptable, resourceful, and capable of navigating ambiguity – far outweigh these implementation hurdles. It’s really about preparing young people for a world where the problems they’ll face haven’t even been imagined yet.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Clear position → Multiple methods with explanations → Challenges → Conclusion
• Vocabulary: Educational terminology (cross-cutting competency, project-based learning, inquiry-based methodologies, design thinking, iterate, pedagogies, assessment frameworks)
• Grammar: Full range (rather than, instead of, where-clauses, gerunds as subjects, passive constructions)
• Critical Thinking: Balanced – enthusiastic about the idea but acknowledges practical challenges, shows understanding of educational systems

💡 Key Language Features:

• Giving opinion strongly: Absolutely / I’d argue / I’m a proponent of
• Contrasting ideas: That said / Nevertheless / there’s tension between
• Academic expressions: is becoming increasingly imperative / presents genuine challenges / far outweigh / implementation hurdles

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Question 5: Do you think technology has made it easier or harder to solve problems?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Evaluate both sides (easier vs harder)
• Key words: technology, easier or harder, solve problems
• Cách tiếp cận: Present both perspectives → examples for each → nuanced conclusion

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

“I think technology has made some things easier but other things harder. On one hand, we can find information quickly on the internet and communicate with people easily. This helps us solve problems faster. On the other hand, technology creates new problems like cyber security and people becoming too dependent on it. So I think it’s both easier and harder depending on the situation.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Presents both sides
• Vocabulary: Basic technology vocabulary
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Acknowledges complexity but analysis is superficial, examples are general

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

“This is quite a paradoxical situation, actually. Technology has undeniably enhanced our problem-solving capacity in many respects, yet it’s simultaneously generated an entirely new category of challenges.

On the enhancement side, the benefits are substantial. We now have unprecedented access to information and expertise through the internet. A problem that might have taken days or weeks to research in a library can be explored in minutes online. Collaborative tools enable geographically dispersed teams to work together seamlessly, pooling resources and leveraging diverse perspectives. Data analytics and artificial intelligence can process vast quantities of information to identify patterns and solutions that would be impossible for humans to discern manually. In medicine, for instance, diagnostic algorithms can detect anomalies in medical imaging with accuracy that sometimes surpasses human specialists.

However, technology has also introduced complications. We’re now contending with problems of unprecedented scale and complexity – cybersecurity threats, algorithmic bias, privacy violations, digital addiction. Moreover, there’s what I call solution dependency – we’ve become so reliant on technological fixes that we sometimes overlook simpler, non-technological solutions. There’s also the paradox of choice; with so many tools and solutions available, decision paralysis can actually impede problem-solving rather than facilitate it.

What’s particularly concerning is the erosion of certain cognitive skills. When people constantly outsource thinking to devices – relying on GPS rather than developing spatial awareness, or using calculators instead of mental math – there’s a risk that fundamental problem-solving capacities may atrophy.

On balance, I believe technology is a powerful amplifier – it makes good problem-solvers more effective but doesn’t automatically create problem-solving ability. The key is maintaining what I’d call technological literacy – understanding not just how to use tools but when to use them, when to set them aside, and how to think critically about their limitations. The most effective approach is probably a hybrid model where we harness technological advantages while preserving and developing core human cognitive abilities.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Exceptionally well-organized: Introduction acknowledging paradox → Advantages with examples → Disadvantages with examples → Analysis of deeper implications → Balanced conclusion
• Vocabulary: Sophisticated (paradoxical situation, unprecedented access, geographically dispersed, leveraging, contending with, decision paralysis, erosion of cognitive skills, outsource thinking, atrophy, powerful amplifier, hybrid model)
• Grammar: Full range including complex conditionals, relative clauses, gerunds, nominalization
• Critical Thinking: Highly developed – goes beyond simple pros/cons to explore deeper implications (solution dependency, erosion of skills), acknowledges paradoxes, provides nuanced conclusion

💡 Key Language Features:

• Acknowledging complexity: quite a paradoxical situation, On balance, The key is
• Contrast structures: undeniably…yet, On the enhancement side…However
• Creating new terms: what I call solution dependency, what I’d call technological literacy
• Sophisticated conclusions: The most effective approach is probably…where we…while…

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Theme 4: Cultural and Generational Differences

Question 6: Are there differences in how younger and older generations approach problem-solving?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Compare and contrast (generational differences)
• Key words: differences, younger and older generations, approach
• Cách tiếp cận: Describe each generation’s approach → explain reasons → evaluate which might be more effective or how they complement each other

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

“Yes, I think there are some differences. Younger people usually use technology to solve problems. They search online or ask for help on social media. Older people rely more on their experience and traditional methods. They might ask friends or family for advice. Young people are faster but sometimes less patient. Older people take more time but their solutions might be more reliable. Both approaches have good and bad points.”

Phân tích:

• Structure: Compares both generations
• Vocabulary: Basic comparative language
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Makes valid points but lacks depth in analysis, generalizations not nuanced

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

“There are indeed notable distinctions, though I should caveat that these are broad generalizations with many individual exceptions.

Younger generations, particularly digital natives, tend to adopt what I’d call a technology-first approach. They’re inclined to crowdsource solutions – tapping into online communities, forums, or social networks to gather diverse input rapidly. There’s also a tendency toward iterative experimentation – they’re comfortable trying multiple solutions quickly, failing fast, and pivoting based on results. This reflects the agile mindset that’s become prevalent in tech culture. They’re often more willing to challenge conventional wisdom and embrace unconventional solutions.

Conversely, older generations typically demonstrate a more methodical approach rooted in accumulated experience. They’re likely to draw upon analogies from past situations, applying time-tested frameworks to new problems. There’s generally more emphasis on thorough analysis before action, and perhaps greater reluctance to deviate from proven methods. They often prioritize face-to-face consultation and value relationship-based problem-solving – leveraging networks built over decades.

Interestingly, research suggests that optimal problem-solving often emerges from intergenerational collaboration. Younger people bring technological fluency and innovative thinking, while older individuals contribute contextual understanding and wisdom gleaned from experience. The challenge is bridging the communication gap and overcoming potential generational biases where each group might dismiss the other’s approach.

I’d also note that these differences are gradually blurring. Older generations are becoming increasingly tech-savvy, while younger people, particularly in professional contexts, are learning to value experience-based insights. The most effective problem-solvers, regardless of age, are those who can synthesize both technological tools and experiential knowledge, adapting their approach to the specific context rather than rigidly adhering to generational defaults.”

Điều này có điểm tương đồng với describe a decision you made that surprised others khi người quyết định thường phải cân bằng giữa approaches khác nhau.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Caveat about generalizations → Younger generation approach → Older generation approach → Benefits of combination → Nuanced conclusion about blurring lines
• Vocabulary: Sophisticated (digital natives, crowdsource, iterative experimentation, agile mindset, methodical approach, time-tested frameworks, intergenerational collaboration, technological fluency, contextual understanding, wisdom gleaned from)
• Grammar: Complex structures throughout (participle clauses, relative clauses, conditionals, while-clauses)
• Critical Thinking: Highly nuanced – acknowledges limitations of generalizations, presents both sides fairly, highlights value of integration, notes changing trends

💡 Key Language Features:

• Hedging/Qualifying: I should caveat, these are broad generalizations, with many individual exceptions, typically, generally, often
• Academic discourse: Conversely, Interestingly, I’d also note that
• Sophisticated comparisons: while/whereas constructions, tend to vs typically demonstrate

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Từ vựng và cụm từ quan trọng

Topic-Specific Vocabulary

Từ vựng/Cụm từ	Loại từ	Phiên âm	Nghĩa tiếng Việt	Ví dụ	Collocation
resolve issues	verb phrase	/rɪˈzɒlv ˈɪʃuːz/	giải quyết vấn đề	She’s exceptional at resolving issues between team members.	resolve conflicts, resolve disputes, resolve problems, effectively resolve
problem-solving prowess	noun phrase	/ˈprɒbləm ˈsɒlvɪŋ ˈpraʊəs/	khả năng giải quyết vấn đề xuất sắc	His problem-solving prowess made him the go-to person in crisis.	demonstrate prowess, exceptional prowess, remarkable prowess
defuse tensions	verb phrase	/dɪˈfjuːz ˈtenʃənz/	làm dịu căng thẳng	He has a talent for defusing tensions in heated meetings.	successfully defuse, help defuse, manage to defuse
navigate challenges	verb phrase	/ˈnævɪɡeɪt ˈtʃælɪndʒɪz/	vượt qua thách thức	She skillfully navigates challenges in her professional life.	successfully navigate, effectively navigate, ability to navigate
mediate	verb	/ˈmiːdieɪt/	làm trung gian hòa giải	He mediated the dispute between the two departments.	mediate conflicts, mediate discussions, mediate between parties
analytical thinking	noun phrase	/ˌænəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/	tư duy phân tích	Analytical thinking is crucial for solving complex problems.	strong analytical thinking, develop analytical thinking, apply analytical thinking
level-headed	adjective	/ˌlevəl ˈhedɪd/	bình tĩnh, điềm đạm	She remains level-headed even during crises.	stay level-headed, remain level-headed, level-headed approach
tactical approach	noun phrase	/ˈtæktɪkəl əˈprəʊtʃ/	cách tiếp cận chiến thuật	His tactical approach to negotiations always yields results.	strategic approach, systematic approach, methodical approach
orchestrate solutions	verb phrase	/ˈɔːkɪstreɪt səˈluːʃənz/	dàn xếp giải pháp	She orchestrated solutions that satisfied all stakeholders.	orchestrate efforts, orchestrate changes, carefully orchestrate
mitigate risks	verb phrase	/ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt rɪsks/	giảm thiểu rủi ro	His strategy helped mitigate risks associated with the project.	effectively mitigate, help mitigate, mitigate potential risks
collaborative problem-solving	noun phrase	/kəˈlæbərətɪv ˈprɒbləm ˈsɒlvɪŋ/	giải quyết vấn đề theo nhóm	Collaborative problem-solving often leads to more innovative solutions.	promote collaborative problem-solving, engage in collaborative problem-solving
holistic perspective	noun phrase	/həʊˈlɪstɪk pəˈspektɪv/	góc nhìn toàn diện	He approaches issues with a holistic perspective.	adopt holistic perspective, take holistic perspective, holistic view
resourceful	adjective	/rɪˈsɔːsfəl/	tháo vát, khéo léo trong xử lý	She’s incredibly resourceful when facing unexpected challenges.	highly resourceful, remarkably resourceful, resourceful individual
decisive action	noun phrase	/dɪˈsaɪsɪv ˈækʃən/	hành động quyết đoán	The situation required decisive action to prevent further damage.	take decisive action, swift and decisive action
root cause	noun phrase	/ruːt kɔːz/	nguyên nhân gốc rễ	He always identifies the root cause before proposing solutions.	identify root cause, address root cause, analyze root cause
contingency plan	noun phrase	/kənˈtɪndʒənsi plæn/	kế hoạch dự phòng	She always has a contingency plan for potential problems.	develop contingency plan, implement contingency plan, backup contingency plan
conflict resolution	noun phrase	/ˈkɒnflɪkt ˌrezəˈluːʃən/	giải quyết xung đột	His conflict resolution skills are highly valued in the organization.	effective conflict resolution, conflict resolution strategies, conflict resolution techniques
troubleshoot	verb	/ˈtrʌbəlʃuːt/	khắc phục sự cố	He can troubleshoot technical issues quickly.	troubleshoot problems, ability to troubleshoot, troubleshoot effectively

Idiomatic Expressions & Advanced Phrases

Cụm từ	Nghĩa	Ví dụ sử dụng	Band điểm
think outside the box	suy nghĩ sáng tạo, phá vỡ khuôn mẫu	He’s known for his ability to think outside the box when conventional solutions fail.	7.0-8.0
get to the bottom of	tìm ra nguyên nhân thực sự	She always gets to the bottom of issues rather than treating symptoms.	7.0-8.0
nip something in the bud	ngăn chặn điều gì khi còn manh nha	He’s good at nipping potential problems in the bud before they escalate.	7.5-8.5
on the same page	có cùng quan điểm, hiểu biết	She ensures everyone is on the same page before implementing solutions.	6.5-7.5
a silver bullet	giải pháp hoàn hảo cho mọi vấn đề	He understands there’s no silver bullet and adapts his approach accordingly.	7.5-8.5
troubleshoot	xử lý sự cố, khắc phục vấn đề	She can troubleshoot complex technical issues efficiently.	7.0-8.0
put out fires	giải quyết vấn đề khẩn cấp	He spends much of his day putting out fires in different departments.	7.0-8.0
turn something around	cải thiện tình hình xấu	She turned around the failing project within three months.	7.5-8.5
navigate murky waters	xử lý tình huống phức tạp, khó khăn	His experience helps him navigate murky waters in business negotiations.	8.0-9.0
iron out the wrinkles	giải quyết các vấn đề nhỏ còn tồn đọng	They’re working to iron out the wrinkles in the new system.	7.0-8.0
cut through the red tape	vượt qua thủ tục hành chính rườm rà	She knows how to cut through the red tape to get things done quickly.	7.5-8.5
go back to the drawing board	bắt đầu lại từ đầu	When the initial plan failed, they went back to the drawing board.	7.0-8.0

Discourse Markers (Từ Nối Ý Trong Speaking)

Để bắt đầu câu trả lời:

• 📝 Well,… – Sử dụng khi cần vài giây để suy nghĩ hoặc khi câu trả lời không hoàn toàn straightforward
• 📝 Actually,… – Khi đưa ra góc nhìn khác hoặc thông tin có thể surprising
• 📝 To be honest,… – Khi muốn nhấn mạnh bạn đang nói thật, chân thành
• 📝 I’d say that… – Cách sophisticated để đưa ra opinion
• 📝 From my perspective,… – Thể hiện đây là quan điểm cá nhân
• 📝 In my experience,… – Khi base opinion trên kinh nghiệm

Để bổ sung ý:

• 📝 On top of that,… – Thêm vào đó, hơn nữa
• 📝 What’s more,… – Hơn thế nữa
• 📝 Not to mention… – Chưa kể đến
• 📝 Additionally,… – Thêm vào đó (formal hơn)
• 📝 Furthermore,… – Hơn nữa (formal)
• 📝 Beyond that,… – Ngoài ra

Để đưa ra quan điểm cân bằng:

• 📝 On the one hand,… On the other hand,… – Một mặt… mặt khác
• 📝 While it’s true that…, we also need to consider… – Mặc dù đúng là… nhưng ta cũng cần xem xét
• 📝 That said,… – Dù vậy, tuy nhiên
• 📝 Having said that,… – Sau khi nói điều đó
• 📝 Conversely,… – Ngược lại
• 📝 In contrast,… – Trái lại

Để giải thích hoặc clarify:

• 📝 What I mean is… – Ý tôi là
• 📝 In other words,… – Nói cách khác
• 📝 To put it another way,… – Diễn đạt theo cách khác
• 📝 Essentially,… – Về cơ bản
• 📝 Basically,… – Cơ bản là (informal hơn)

Để đưa ra ví dụ:

• 📝 For instance,… – Ví dụ
• 📝 Take… for example – Lấy… làm ví dụ
• 📝 A case in point is… – Một trường hợp điển hình là
• 📝 To illustrate this,… – Để minh họa điều này

Để kết luận:

• 📝 All in all,… – Tóm lại
• 📝 At the end of the day,… – Cuối cùng thì
• 📝 Ultimately,… – Cuối cùng
• 📝 In the final analysis,… – Khi phân tích cuối cùng
• 📝 On balance,… – Khi cân nhắc tất cả

Grammatical Structures Ấn Tượng

1. Conditional Sentences (Câu điều kiện):

• Mixed conditional: “If I had developed problem-solving skills earlier (past), I would be more confident now (present).”

  • Nếu tôi đã phát triển kỹ năng giải quyết vấn đề sớm hơn, giờ tôi sẽ tự tin hơn.

• Inversion (đảo ngữ): “Had she not intervened quickly, the situation would have escalated.”

  • Nếu cô ấy không can thiệp nhanh chóng, tình hình đã trở nên tệ hơn.

• Third conditional: “If he had approached the problem differently, we might have avoided these complications.”

  • Nếu anh ấy tiếp cận vấn đề theo cách khác, chúng ta có thể đã tránh được những phức tạp này.

2. Relative Clauses (Mệnh đề quan hệ):

• Non-defining: “My manager, who has over 20 years of experience, rarely fails to find effective solutions.”

  • Người quản lý của tôi, người có hơn 20 năm kinh nghiệm, hiếm khi không tìm ra giải pháp hiệu quả.

• Reduced relative clause: “The approach adopted by experienced problem-solvers often involves systematic analysis.”

  • Cách tiếp cận được các chuyên gia giải quyết vấn đề áp dụng thường bao gồm phân tích có hệ thống.

3. Passive Voice (Câu bị động):

• It is thought/believed/said that… “It is widely believed that problem-solving skills can be learned through practice.”

  • Người ta tin rằng kỹ năng giải quyết vấn đề có thể được học thông qua thực hành.

• To be known for: “She’s known for her ability to remain calm under pressure.”

  • Cô ấy được biết đến với khả năng giữ bình tĩnh dưới áp lực.

4. Cleft Sentences (Câu chẻ):

• What I find most impressive is… “What I find most impressive about his approach is how he considers multiple perspectives.”

  • Điều tôi ấn tượng nhất về cách tiếp cận của anh ấy là cách anh xem xét nhiều góc độ.

• The thing that… is… “The thing that distinguishes great problem-solvers is their emotional intelligence.”

  • Điều phân biệt những người giải quyết vấn đề xuất sắc là trí tuệ cảm xúc của họ.

• It’s… that… “It’s not just intelligence that makes someone good at solving problems; it’s also persistence.”

  • Không chỉ trí thông minh làm cho ai đó giỏi giải quyết vấn đề; mà còn là sự kiên trì.

5. Participle Clauses:

• Present participle: “Having faced similar challenges before, she knew exactly how to proceed.”

  • Đã đối mặt với những thách thức tương tự trước đây, cô ấy biết chính xác cách tiến hành.

• Perfect participle: “Having resolved numerous conflicts, he’s developed a systematic approach.”

  • Đã giải quyết nhiều xung đột, anh ấy đã phát triển một phương pháp có hệ thống.

6. Emphatic Structures:

• It is/was… who/that: “It was his calm demeanor that helped resolve the tense situation.”

  • Chính thái độ bình tĩnh của anh ấy đã giúp giải quyết tình huống căng thẳng.

• Do/Does/Did for emphasis: “He does understand the complexity of the issue.”

  • Anh ấy thực sự hiểu sự phức tạp của vấn đề.

7. Advanced Comparison Structures:

• The more…, the more…: “The more complex the problem, the more methodical his approach becomes.”

  • Vấn đề càng phức tạp, cách tiếp cận của anh ấy càng có phương pháp.

• Not so much… as…: “Success in problem-solving is not so much about intelligence as about perseverance.”

  • Thành công trong giải quyết vấn đề không phải là về trí thông minh mà là về sự kiên trì.

Các kỹ năng này cũng liên quan đến how to get good marks in ielts, đặc biệt là phần Speaking với grammar range và accuracy.

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Chiến Lược Tổng Thể Để Đạt Band Cao

Chuẩn Bị Trước Khi Thi

1. Xây dựng ngân hàng câu chuyện cá nhân:

• Chuẩn bị 3-4 người trong cuộc sống bạn giỏi giải quyết vấn đề với examples cụ thể
• Mỗi người nên có specialization khác nhau (workplace, family, community)
• Note down specific incidents với details: when, where, what problem, how resolved, outcome

2. Học từ vựng theo clusters:

• Không học từ riêng lẻ mà học collocations
• Practice using vocabulary in full sentences
• Record yourself using new vocabulary

3. Luyện tập structure:

• Practice Part 2 với timer (2-3 phút)
• Record và listen back để identify weaknesses
• Work on fluency – reducing hesitation và filler words

Trong Phòng Thi

Part 1 Strategy:

• Trả lời direct trong 1 câu đầu
• Extend với reason OR example
• Aim for 2-3 câu mỗi answer (15-20 giây)
• Maintain eye contact và smile naturally

Part 2 Strategy:

• Use full 1 phút preparation
• Note keywords only, not full sentences
• Cover all bullet points
• Speak for at least 2 phút
• If you finish early, elaborate on the “explain” part

Part 3 Strategy:

• Take 2-3 giây để think before answering
• Structure: Direct answer → Reason/Analysis → Example → Conclusion
• Show critical thinking bằng cách acknowledge complexity
• Use discourse markers để organize ideas
• Aim for 4-6 câu mỗi answer

Common Mistakes to Avoid

❌ Học thuộc template và áp dụng cứng nhắc:

• Examiners nhận ra ngay và sẽ penalize
• Answers sẽ không natural và lack authenticity

❌ Sử dụng từ vựng quá phức tạp không phù hợp:

• Dùng từ không hiểu rõ meaning
• Vocabulary không fit context
• Better to use simple words correctly than complex words incorrectly

❌ Nói quá nhanh hoặc quá chậm:

• Natural speed quan trọng hơn speed
• Pause appropriately giữa ideas
• Don’t rush just to say more

❌ Không trả lời đúng câu hỏi:

• Listen carefully to the exact question
• Address all parts of the question
• Don’t go off-topic

❌ Thiếu examples cụ thể:

• Abstract ideas need concrete examples
• Personal examples make answers authentic
• Societal examples show broader awareness

Tips From Examiner Perspective

What Examiners Love:
✅ Natural, spontaneous responses
✅ Clear pronunciation và appropriate pace
✅ Variety in vocabulary và grammar structures
✅ Developed ideas với reasoning
✅ Personal opinions with justification
✅ Acknowledgment of complexity in Part 3

What Raises Red Flags:
🚩 Memorized answers (obvious template use)
🚩 Robotic delivery without natural intonation
🚩 Long pauses hoặc excessive filler words
🚩 Grammatical errors that impede understanding
🚩 One-word answers hoặc overly brief responses
🚩 Complete avoidance of the question

Lộ Trình Luyện Tập

Tuần 1-2: Foundation

• Master các từ vựng topic-specific (20-30 từ/ngày)
• Record yourself answering basic Part 1 questions
• Focus on pronunciation và intonation

Tuần 3-4: Building Fluency

• Practice Part 2 với different cue cards
• Work on extending answers naturally
• Reduce filler words (um, ah, like)

Tuần 5-6: Advanced Skills

• Tackle challenging Part 3 questions
• Practice giving balanced, nuanced answers
• Work on sophisticated grammar structures

Tuần 7-8: Mock Tests

• Complete full Speaking tests với timer
• Get feedback từ teacher hoặc study partner
• Identify và address specific weaknesses
• Review recordings để self-assess

Final Advice

Remember, IELTS Speaking đánh giá communicative competence, không phải academic knowledge. Examiner muốn nghe bạn talk naturally về experiences và opinions, không phải recite memorized scripts.

The best preparation là:

1. Build genuine vocabulary thông qua reading và listening
2. Practice speaking regularly về diverse topics
3. Think in English thay vì translate từ tiếng Việt
4. Be yourself – personality và authenticity matter
5. Stay calm – nervousness là normal, examiner expects that

Đối với học viên Việt Nam, điểm yếu thường gặp là:

• Pronunciation: Practice word stress và sentence stress
• Fluency: Reduce translating in your head
• Confidence: Remember examiner wants you to do well
• Grammar accuracy: Focus on common errors (articles, plurals, tenses)

Chủ đề “Describe a person who is very good at resolving issues” là cơ hội tuyệt vời để showcase cả vocabulary về personal qualities lẫn professional skills. Prepare well, practice regularly, và believe in your ability to communicate effectively. Good luck!