IELTS Speaking: Cách Trả Lời Chủ Đề “Describe a Person Who is Very Tech-Savvy” – Bài Mẫu Band 6-9

Mở bài

Chủ đề “Describe A Person Who Is Very Tech-savvy” là một đề bài phổ biến trong IELTS Speaking Part 2, xuất hiện với tần suất cao trong các kỳ thi từ 2022 đến nay. Đây là dạng câu hỏi “Describe a person” yêu cầu thí sinh miêu tả một người am hiểu công nghệ, biết cách sử dụng và tận dụng các thiết bị kỹ thuật số một cách thành thạo.

Chủ đề này quan trọng vì phản ánh xu hướng số hóa trong cuộc sống hiện đại. Các giám khảo IELTS thường đánh giá cao khả năng thí sinh sử dụng từ vựng chuyên ngành công nghệ một cách tự nhiên, kết hợp với việc miêu tả tính cách và ảnh hưởng của người được nhắc đến.

Tần suất xuất hiện: Chủ đề này xuất hiện với mức độ trung bình đến cao trong các kỳ thi IELTS từ 2022-2024, đặc biệt phổ biến ở các trung tâm thi tại châu Á. Dự đoán khả năng xuất hiện trong tương lai: Cao, do sự phát triển không ngừng của công nghệ và tầm quan trọng của kỹ năng số trong xã hội đương đại.

Những gì bạn sẽ học được:

• Câu hỏi thường gặp trong cả 3 Part liên quan đến công nghệ và người am hiểu công nghệ
• Bài mẫu chi tiết theo 3 band điểm (6-7, 7.5-8, 8.5-9) với phân tích chuyên sâu
• Từ vựng và cụm từ ăn điểm về công nghệ, thiết bị số và kỹ năng kỹ thuật
• Chiến lược trả lời hiệu quả từ góc nhìn của Examiner
• Cách tránh những lỗi phổ biến của học viên Việt Nam

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IELTS Speaking Part 1: Introduction and Interview

Tổng Quan Về Part 1

Part 1 của IELTS Speaking kéo dài 4-5 phút với các câu hỏi ngắn về đời sống hàng ngày. Với chủ đề công nghệ, bạn cần trả lời tự nhiên, mở rộng mỗi câu trả lời thành 2-3 câu với lý do và ví dụ cụ thể.

Lỗi thường gặp của học viên Việt Nam:

• Trả lời quá ngắn kiểu “Yes, I do” hoặc “No, I don’t” mà không giải thích
• Sử dụng từ vựng quá đơn giản như “good”, “bad”, “like”, “use”
• Thiếu ví dụ cụ thể từ trải nghiệm bản thân
• Nói quá nhanh hoặc quá chậm, không tự nhiên

Các Câu Hỏi Thường Gặp

Question 1: Do you use technology a lot in your daily life?

Question 2: What kind of technological devices do you use most often?

Question 3: Are you good at using technology?

Question 4: Do you think technology has made our lives easier?

Question 5: What new technology would you like to learn about?

Question 6: How often do you upgrade your devices?

Question 7: Do you prefer to learn about technology by yourself or from others?

Question 8: Is there any technology that you find difficult to use?

Phân Tích và Gợi Ý Trả Lời Chi Tiết

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Question: Do you use technology a lot in your daily life?

🎯 Cách tiếp cận:

• Trả lời trực tiếp có hay không
• Đưa ra ví dụ cụ thể về thiết bị/ứng dụng
• Giải thích mục đích sử dụng

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

Yes, I do. I use my smartphone every day for many things. I check messages, use social media, and sometimes watch videos online. Technology is very important in my life now.

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh: Trả lời trực tiếp, có ví dụ cụ thể về hoạt động
• Hạn chế: Từ vựng đơn giản (many things, very important), cấu trúc câu cơ bản
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Ý tưởng rõ ràng nhưng thiếu depth, vocabulary chưa sophisticated, không có advanced structures

📝 Sample Answer – Band 8-9:

Absolutely, I’m quite dependent on technology in my daily routine. I’m constantly glued to my smartphone throughout the day, whether it’s for staying connected with colleagues via messaging apps, keeping up with current events through news feeds, or even unwinding with streaming services in the evening. I’d say technology has become seamlessly integrated into virtually every aspect of my life, from how I work to how I socialise and entertain myself.

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh:
  • Vocabulary tinh vi: “dependent on”, “constantly glued to”, “seamlessly integrated into”
  • Phrasal verbs tự nhiên: “keeping up with”, “unwinding with”
  • Cấu trúc đa dạng: từ simple present đến complex structures với “whether…or”
  • Ý tưởng chi tiết với examples xuyên suốt
• Tại sao Band 8-9: Fluent và natural, vocabulary precise và idiomatic, grammar range rộng (complex sentences, present perfect continuous implied), pronunciation các từ liên kết mượt mà

💡 Key Vocabulary & Expressions:

• dependent on: phụ thuộc vào
• constantly glued to: dính mắt vào liên tục
• staying connected with: duy trì kết nối với
• seamlessly integrated into: được tích hợp một cách liền mạch vào
• unwinding with: thư giãn với

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Question: Are you good at using technology?

🎯 Cách tiếp cận:

• Tự đánh giá khả năng của bản thân (honest nhưng positive)
• Đưa ra bằng chứng cụ thể
• Có thể nói về điểm mạnh và điểm cần cải thiện

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

I think I’m quite good with technology. I can use most apps and programs without problems. Sometimes I need to search online to learn new things, but usually I can figure it out myself. My friends sometimes ask me for help with their phones.

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh: Có tự đánh giá, đưa ra evidence (bạn bè hỏi giúp)
• Hạn chế: Từ “good”, “things”, “figure it out” hơi general, cấu trúc câu đơn giản
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Adequate response nhưng chưa có specific vocabulary về technology skills, ideas không được developed đầy đủ

📝 Sample Answer – Band 8-9:

I’d consider myself fairly tech-savvy, though I wouldn’t claim to be an expert. I can navigate through most software and applications with relative ease, and I’m usually the go-to person in my family when someone encounters technical glitches with their devices. What I particularly pride myself on is my ability to troubleshoot problems independently by researching solutions online or experimenting with different settings. That said, I do struggle with more advanced programming or backend development – those areas are definitely beyond my expertise.

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh:
  • Vocabulary chuyên ngành tự nhiên: “tech-savvy”, “technical glitches”, “troubleshoot”, “backend development”
  • Balanced view: nhận điểm mạnh nhưng cũng admit limitations
  • Discourse markers: “That said” cho concession
  • Collocations chuẩn: “with relative ease”, “pride myself on”
  • Complex structures: “when someone encounters”, “by researching…or experimenting”
• Tại sao Band 8-9: Natural và conversational, precise vocabulary về technical skills, grammar sophisticated với multiple clauses, demonstrates critical thinking bằng cách present balanced perspective

💡 Key Vocabulary & Expressions:

• tech-savvy: am hiểu công nghệ
• navigate through: điều hướng qua, sử dụng thành thạo
• with relative ease: một cách tương đối dễ dàng
• go-to person: người được nhờ đến đầu tiên
• technical glitches: lỗi kỹ thuật
• troubleshoot problems: khắc phục sự cố
• beyond my expertise: vượt quá khả năng chuyên môn của tôi

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Question: How often do you upgrade your devices?

🎯 Cách tiếp cận:

• Nêu tần suất cụ thể
• Giải thích lý do (economic, practical, environmental)
• Có thể so sánh với người khác

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

I don’t upgrade my devices very often. Maybe every 3 or 4 years when my phone becomes too slow or broken. I think new technology is expensive, so I only buy new devices when I really need to. Some of my friends change phones every year but I think that’s too much.

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh: Có timeframe cụ thể, có lý do (expensive, when needed)
• Hạn chế: Vocabulary repetitive (devices xuất hiện 3 lần), ideas chưa fully developed
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Clear message nhưng language resources limited, simple connectors

📝 Sample Answer – Band 8-9:

I’m not one of those people who jumps on every new release – I tend to upgrade my devices every three to four years, or when they’re no longer performing adequately. For instance, I’ve had my current laptop for about four years now, and it’s still running smoothly, so I see no reason to replace it just because newer models are available. I think there’s a lot of unnecessary consumerism around technology, and I prefer to maximise the lifespan of my devices rather than contributing to electronic waste. Besides, the incremental improvements between each generation aren’t usually substantial enough to justify the expense, in my opinion.

Tương tự như describe a difficult task you completed at work or school that made you feel proud, việc duy trì và tối ưu hóa thiết bị hiện có đôi khi là một thách thức đáng tự hào hơn là việc đơn giản nâng cấp liên tục.

Phân tích:

• Điểm mạnh:
  • Idiomatic: “jumps on every new release”, “running smoothly”
  • Topic-specific vocabulary: “newer models”, “incremental improvements”, “electronic waste”
  • Complex opinion với supporting reasons: economic + environmental
  • Tentative language: “I tend to”, “in my opinion” – shows sophistication
  • Real example: “my current laptop for about four years”
  • Cohesion: “For instance”, “Besides”
• Tại sao Band 8-9: Demonstrates critical thinking về consumerism, precise và sophisticated vocabulary, complex sentences với multiple subordinate clauses, natural flow

💡 Key Vocabulary & Expressions:

• jumps on every new release: vội vàng mua mỗi sản phẩm mới ra mắt
• no longer performing adequately: không còn hoạt động đầy đủ
• running smoothly: chạy mượt mà
• unnecessary consumerism: chủ nghĩa tiêu dùng không cần thiết
• maximise the lifespan: tối đa hóa tuổi thọ
• contributing to electronic waste: đóng góp vào rác thải điện tử
• incremental improvements: cải tiến từng bước nhỏ
• substantial enough: đủ đáng kể

Học viên luyện tập IELTS Speaking Part 1 về chủ đề công nghệ với giáo viên

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IELTS Speaking Part 2: Long Turn (Cue Card)

Tổng Quan Về Part 2

Part 2 là phần độc thoại kéo dài 2-3 phút, sau 1 phút chuẩn bị. Đây là phần quan trọng nhất để thể hiện khả năng sử dụng ngôn ngữ liên tục và mạch lạc.

Chiến lược:

• Sử dụng hết 1 phút ghi chú keywords, không viết câu đầy đủ
• Nói tối thiểu 1.5-2 phút, lý tưởng là đủ 2 phút
• Trả lời đầy đủ tất cả bullet points
• Sử dụng thì hiện tại khi miêu tả người vẫn còn trong cuộc sống
• Phần “explain” là quan trọng nhất để ghi điểm cao

Lỗi thường gặp:

• Viết quá nhiều trong 1 phút preparation
• Nói dưới 1.5 phút hoặc dừng đột ngột
• Bỏ qua bullet point cuối cùng
• Không mở rộng phần explain
• Lặp lại ý tưởng, không có progression

Cue Card

Describe a person who is very tech-savvy

You should say:

• Who this person is
• How you know this person
• What technological skills this person has
• And explain why you think this person is very tech-savvy

Phân Tích Đề Bài

• Dạng câu hỏi: Describe a person (miêu tả người)

• Thì động từ: Hiện tại (vì người này vẫn còn sống và đang có kỹ năng đó)

• Bullet points phải cover:

  1. Who: Danh tính, mối quan hệ với bạn
  2. How you know: Bối cảnh làm quen, thời gian quen biết
  3. What skills: Kỹ năng công nghệ cụ thể – đây là phần cần nhiều vocabulary nhất
  4. Why tech-savvy: Lý do đánh giá cao – cần examples và analysis

• Câu “explain” quan trọng: Đây là phần ghi điểm Band 8-9, cần demonstrate critical thinking và depth of ideas. Không chỉ liệt kê skills mà phải explain impact, uniqueness, hoặc how these skills benefit others.

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7

Thời lượng: Khoảng 1.5-2 phút

I’d like to talk about my older brother, who I think is very good with technology. His name is Minh and he’s 28 years old. He works as an IT specialist in a big company in Ho Chi Minh City.

I’ve known him all my life because he’s my brother. We grew up together in the same house. When we were young, he always liked playing with computers and learning about new gadgets. Now he knows much more about technology than me.

Minh has many technological skills. First, he is very good at fixing computers when they have problems. He can repair both hardware and software issues. For example, when my laptop was broken last year, he fixed it in just one hour. Second, he knows how to program in different languages like Python and Java. He sometimes creates small applications for fun. Third, he is always up to date with new technology. He reads about new phones, computers, and software every day. He also knows how to use many different apps and programs that I don’t understand.

I think he is very tech-savvy because he can solve almost any technology problem quickly. He also learns new things very fast. When a new device comes out, he can understand how to use it without reading instructions. Many people in our family and his friends always ask him for help with their phones or computers. He is patient and explains things clearly. I really admire his knowledge about technology and I wish I could be more like him.

Phân Tích Band Điểm

Tiêu chí	Band	Nhận xét
Fluency & Coherence	6-7	Có progression logic (intro → skills → why), sử dụng basic sequencers (First, Second, Third), một số hesitation có thể xảy ra, cohesion adequate nhưng chưa sophisticated
Lexical Resource	6-7	Vocabulary adequate: “IT specialist”, “hardware and software”, “up to date”, nhưng còn simple (good with, fixing, problem). Một số paraphrasing (tech-savvy = good with technology) nhưng limited range
Grammatical Range & Accuracy	6-7	Mix của simple và complex sentences, sử dụng đúng thì (present tense chủ yếu, past tense cho example), một số errors nhỏ có thể xuất hiện nhưng không ảnh hưởng communication
Pronunciation	6-7	Generally clear, có thể có accent nhưng không ảnh hưởng hiểu, word stress mostly correct

Điểm mạnh:

• ✅ Trả lời đầy đủ tất cả bullet points
• ✅ Có structure rõ ràng với introduction, body, conclusion
• ✅ Đưa ra concrete example (laptop repair)
• ✅ Cover được timeframe cần thiết (~2 phút)

Hạn chế:

• ⚠️ Vocabulary repetitive và không sophisticated (good, problem, fix, know xuất hiện nhiều lần)
• ⚠️ Thiếu idioms hoặc less common phrases
• ⚠️ Grammar structures mostly simple và compound, ít complex sentences
• ⚠️ Phần explain chưa có depth – chỉ liệt kê reasons chứ chưa analyze impact

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📝 Sample Answer – Band 7.5-8

Thời lượng: Khoảng 2-2.5 phút

I’d like to tell you about my older brother, Minh, who I consider to be exceptionally tech-savvy. He’s 28 years old and currently works as a senior software developer for a multinational tech company based in Ho Chi Minh City.

Obviously, I’ve known him my entire life since we’re siblings, but I really started to recognise his technological prowess when we were teenagers. While I was struggling with basic computer tasks, he was already teaching himself programming languages and building websites from scratch. Over the years, I’ve watched him evolve from an enthusiastic hobbyist into a true technology expert.

What really sets him apart is the breadth and depth of his technological skills. On the hardware side, he can diagnose and repair virtually any issue with computers, smartphones, or other digital devices – he’s essentially our family’s go-to tech support person. But what’s more impressive is his software expertise. He’s proficient in multiple programming languages including Python, Java, and JavaScript, and he’s currently specialising in artificial intelligence and machine learning. He doesn’t just use technology; he creates solutions with it. For instance, he recently developed a mobile app that helps small businesses manage their inventory more efficiently.

What makes him particularly tech-savvy, in my view, is not just his technical knowledge but his approach to technology. He has this innate curiosity and problem-solving mindset that drives him to stay ahead of the curve. He’s constantly experimenting with emerging technologies, whether it’s blockchain, cloud computing, or the latest AI tools. He also has this remarkable ability to explain complex technical concepts in simple terms, which shows he truly understands the fundamentals rather than just memorising procedures.

I genuinely admire how he’s turned his passion into both a career and a way to help others. His expertise has proven invaluable not just for our family but also for his colleagues and friends who regularly seek his guidance on tech-related matters.

Phân Tích Band Điểm

Tiêu chí	Band	Nhận xét
Fluency & Coherence	7.5-8	Speaks fluently với minimal hesitation, sophisticated cohesive devices (“Obviously”, “What really sets him apart”, “For instance”), clear progression của ideas, develops topics fully
Lexical Resource	7.5-8	Wide range của vocabulary: “technological prowess”, “breadth and depth”, “stay ahead of the curve”, “innate curiosity”. Effective collocations: “diagnose and repair”, “specialising in”, “emerging technologies”. Some less common phrases được sử dụng tự nhiên
Grammatical Range & Accuracy	7.5-8	Wide range của structures: relative clauses, conditionals implied, present perfect (“I’ve watched him evolve”), complex sentences với multiple clauses. Majority error-free với occasional slips không ảnh hưởng communication
Pronunciation	7.5-8	Clear và easy to understand, good control của intonation patterns, word stress accurate, minimal L1 influence

So Sánh Với Band 6-7

Khía cạnh	Band 6-7	Band 7.5-8
Vocabulary	“good with technology”, “fixing computers”, “up to date”	“exceptionally tech-savvy”, “technological prowess”, “stay ahead of the curve”, “emerging technologies”
Grammar	“He can fix computers. When my laptop was broken, he fixed it.”	“He’s essentially our family’s go-to tech support person” (complex noun phrase), “I’ve watched him evolve from…into…” (present perfect với complex structure)
Ideas	Lists skills: fixing, programming, keeping updated	Analyzes approach: “innate curiosity”, “problem-solving mindset”, distinguishes between using và creating technology, mentions impact on others
Cohesion	Basic: First, Second, Third, For example	Sophisticated: “Obviously”, “What really sets him apart”, “But what’s more impressive”, “For instance”, “in my view”

Đối với những ai quan tâm đến describe a skill you recently acquired, việc học hỏi từ một người am hiểu công nghệ như vậy có thể là điểm khởi đầu tuyệt vời cho hành trình phát triển kỹ năng số của bản thân.

Thí sinh IELTS trình bày Part 2 về người giỏi công nghệ trước giám khảo

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📝 Sample Answer – Band 8.5-9

Thời lượng: 2.5-3 phút đầy đủ

I’d like to talk about my older brother, Minh, who I’d describe as extraordinarily tech-savvy – someone who doesn’t just use technology but truly understands and shapes it. At 28, he works as a principal software architect at a leading multinational technology firm in Ho Chi Minh City, where he’s responsible for designing large-scale systems that serve millions of users.

Having grown up together, I’ve had a front-row seat to his technological evolution. What strikes me most is how his relationship with technology has progressed from mere fascination to genuine mastery. Back when we were teenagers, while most of us were passively consuming technology – playing games or browsing social media – he was already actively creating it, reverse-engineering software to understand how things worked and building his own applications from the ground up. This self-directed learning approach has been the hallmark of his journey.

What truly distinguishes him as tech-savvy is the remarkable breadth and sophistication of his skill set. On the hardware front, he possesses deep knowledge of computer architecture and can troubleshoot issues at the component level, whether it’s diagnosing motherboard failures or optimising system performance. However, it’s his software expertise that’s truly exceptional. He’s highly proficient across multiple technology stacks – from frontend frameworks like React to backend systems using Node.js and Python, and he’s currently at the forefront of artificial intelligence and machine learning development. What sets him apart from average programmers is his ability to architect entire ecosystems rather than just write code. For example, he recently spearheaded the development of a cloud-based platform that uses AI algorithms to predict maintenance needs for industrial equipment, potentially saving companies millions in downtime costs.

But what makes him genuinely tech-savvy rather than just technically competent is his holistic understanding of technology’s role in society. He doesn’t approach technology in isolation; instead, he considers the broader implications – the user experience, the ethical considerations, the societal impact. He has this insatiable intellectual curiosity that drives him to explore emerging fields before they become mainstream. Whether it’s quantum computing, decentralised finance, or the latest developments in neural networks, he’s always pushing the boundaries of his knowledge. Moreover, he possesses this rare gift of being able to demystify complex technical concepts for non-technical people, which demonstrates true mastery – as they say, you only truly understand something when you can explain it simply.

What I find most admirable is how he leverages his expertise altruistically. He’s become an invaluable resource not just within his company but in our wider community. He mentors junior developers, contributes to open-source projects, and volunteers his time to teach coding to underprivileged children. His technical prowess coupled with his generosity makes him the epitome of what I consider a truly tech-savvy person – someone who doesn’t just consume or even create technology, but who uses it as a force for positive change.

Phân Tích Band Điểm

Tiêu chí	Band	Nhận xét
Fluency & Coherence	8.5-9	Speaks fluently với natural, effortless delivery, no noticeable hesitation. Sophisticated cohesion với wide range của linking devices both explicit (“However”, “Moreover”, “For example”) và implicit (pronoun reference, lexical chains). Ideas develop fully với excellent progression và coherence
Lexical Resource	8.5-9	Wide range của vocabulary used naturally và precisely: “reverse-engineering”, “at the forefront of”, “spearheaded the development”, “insatiable intellectual curiosity”, “demystify”, “altruistically”. Sophisticated collocations: “troubleshoot issues”, “optimise system performance”, “broader implications”. Idiomatic language: “front-row seat”, “pushing the boundaries”, “epitome of”
Grammatical Range & Accuracy	8.5-9	Full range của structures used accurately và appropriately: complex relative clauses, conditionals, passive voice, participle clauses. Consistently error-free với sophisticated structures: “Having grown up together”, “What strikes me most is how…”, “whether it’s…or…”
Pronunciation	8.5-9	Fully operational command với consistent use của features của natural, connected speech. Clear articulation, appropriate intonation patterns, effective use của pausing và emphasis để enhance meaning

Tại Sao Bài Này Xuất Sắc

🎯 Fluency Hoàn Hảo:

• Natural flow không có hesitation, speaks at length với sustained coherence
• Sophisticated transitions tạo seamless connections: “Having grown up together”, “However, it’s his software expertise”, “But what makes him genuinely tech-savvy”

📚 Vocabulary Tinh Vi:

• Technical terminology được sử dụng accurately và naturally: “technology stacks”, “frontend frameworks”, “cloud-based platform”, “AI algorithms”
• Abstract vocabulary cho analysis: “holistic understanding”, “broader implications”, “insatiable intellectual curiosity”
• Idiomatic expressions: “front-row seat”, “from the ground up”, “pushing the boundaries”
• Ví dụ xuất sắc: “What distinguishes him as tech-savvy is the remarkable breadth and sophistication of his skill set” – demonstrates precise word choice và collocation

📝 Grammar Đa Dạng:

• Complex sentences với multiple subordinate clauses: “While most of us were passively consuming technology…he was already actively creating it”
• Present perfect continuous: “he’s currently at the forefront of”
• Participle clauses: “Having grown up together”, “potentially saving companies millions”
• Cleft sentences: “What strikes me most is how…”, “What makes him genuinely tech-savvy”
• Sophisticated structures: “Whether it’s quantum computing…or the latest developments, he’s always pushing…”

💡 Ideas Sâu Sắc:

• Goes beyond surface description để analyze what makes someone truly tech-savvy
• Distinguishes between technical competence và genuine expertise (“genuinely tech-savvy rather than just technically competent”)
• Discusses broader implications: ethical considerations, societal impact
• Shows progression: from fascination → mastery → altruistic application
• Provides specific, impressive examples: AI platform, open-source contributions, teaching underprivileged children

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Follow-up Questions (Rounding Off Questions)

Examiner có thể hỏi thêm 1-2 câu ngắn sau Part 2 để transition sang Part 3:

Question 1: Does he ever get frustrated with technology?

Band 6-7 Answer:
Yes, sometimes he does. When he faces very difficult problems, he can feel stressed. But he usually stays calm and finds solutions.

Band 8-9 Answer:
Occasionally, yes – even experts encounter roadblocks. However, what’s interesting is that he views these frustrations as learning opportunities rather than setbacks. He has this remarkable resilience where the more challenging the problem, the more engaged he becomes in solving it.

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Question 2: Do you think you could become as tech-savvy as him?

Band 6-7 Answer:
I’m not sure. He has studied technology for many years. I could learn more, but I don’t have as much interest as he does.

Band 8-9 Answer:
That’s an interesting question. I think it would depend on how much time and effort I was willing to invest. He’s dedicated countless hours to honing his skills, and he possesses this intrinsic motivation that I’m not sure I could replicate. However, I believe anyone can develop proficiency in technology with the right commitment and guidance – though reaching his level of expertise would certainly be an uphill battle for me.

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IELTS Speaking Part 3: Two-way Discussion

Tổng Quan Về Part 3

Part 3 kéo dài 4-5 phút với các câu hỏi trừu tượng, mang tính phân tích cao liên quan đến chủ đề Part 2. Đây là phần thử thách nhất, yêu cầu critical thinking và ability to discuss abstract concepts.

Yêu cầu:

• Phân tích, so sánh, đánh giá các vấn đề xã hội liên quan đến công nghệ
• Đưa ra quan điểm có lý lẽ rõ ràng
• Xem xét nhiều góc độ (advantages/disadvantages, past/present/future)
• Sử dụng examples từ xã hội, không chỉ personal experiences

Chiến lược:

• Mỗi câu trả lời nên 3-5 câu (30-45 giây)
• Sử dụng discourse markers: “Well”, “Actually”, “I’d say that”
• Structure: Direct answer → Reason/Example 1 → Reason/Example 2 → Conclusion/Nuance
• Acknowledge complexity: “It depends”, “To some extent”, “On the other hand”

Lỗi thường gặp của học viên Việt Nam:

• Trả lời quá ngắn (1-2 câu) không phân tích sâu
• Chỉ nêu opinion mà không có reasons/examples
• Sử dụng personal examples thay vì societal perspectives
• Thiếu tentative language, nói quá categorical
• Vocabulary không đủ abstract cho discussion level

Các Câu Hỏi Thảo Luận Sâu

Theme 1: Technology and Society

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Question 1: Why do you think some people are more tech-savvy than others?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Cause/Reason
• Key words: “why”, “some people”, “more tech-savvy than others” (so sánh)
• Cách tiếp cận: Identify multiple factors (education, exposure, interest, age), give explanations và examples cho mỗi factor

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

I think there are several reasons. First, some people have more chances to learn about technology. For example, people in cities have better access to computers and internet than people in rural areas. Second, age is also important. Young people usually learn technology faster than older people because they grow up with it. Finally, personal interest matters. Some people are just more curious about how things work, so they spend more time learning about technology.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Clear với First, Second, Finally – shows organization
• Vocabulary: Basic (chances, access, grow up with, curious)
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Adequate response với multiple reasons, nhưng lacks depth of analysis, vocabulary chưa sophisticated, examples generic

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

Well, I’d say it boils down to a combination of factors, really. First and foremost, there’s the question of exposure and access – people who have grown up surrounded by technology or who have had early exposure to digital devices naturally tend to develop greater comfort and familiarity with them. This creates a sort of digital divide, particularly between urban and rural populations or between different socioeconomic groups who may have varying levels of access to technological resources.

Beyond that, I think aptitude and mindset play crucial roles. Some individuals possess what you might call an analytical mindset or a natural affinity for problem-solving, which translates well into understanding technology. They’re not intimidated by unfamiliar interfaces and approach learning new systems with curiosity rather than apprehension.

Age is certainly a factor too, though perhaps not in the way we commonly think. It’s less about biological age and more about adaptability and willingness to learn. I’ve encountered elderly people who are remarkably tech-savvy because they’ve maintained an open mind and embraced continuous learning, while some younger individuals struggle with technology because they’ve never developed that exploratory attitude.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Well-organized: Introduction → Factor 1 (exposure) with societal implications → Factor 2 (aptitude/mindset) → Factor 3 (age nuanced view)
• Vocabulary: Sophisticated và precise: “boils down to”, “digital divide”, “socioeconomic groups”, “natural affinity”, “exploratory attitude”
• Grammar: Complex structures: “people who have grown up surrounded by technology…naturally tend to develop”, conditional implied, relative clauses
• Critical Thinking: Shows nuanced thinking – challenges common assumption về age, acknowledges digital divide’s societal dimensions

💡 Key Language Features:

• Discourse markers: “Well, I’d say”, “First and foremost”, “Beyond that”, “certainly…though”
• Tentative language: “tend to”, “perhaps”, “you might call”
• Abstract nouns: “exposure”, “aptitude”, “mindset”, “affinity”, “adaptability”
• Collocations: “digital divide”, “socioeconomic groups”, “natural affinity”, “continuous learning”

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Question 2: How has technology changed the way people communicate?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Change/Compare (past vs present)
• Key words: “how”, “changed”, “way people communicate”
• Cách tiếp cận: Describe past → present changes, mention both positive và negative impacts, use specific examples

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

Technology has changed communication a lot. In the past, people mainly talked face-to-face or wrote letters. Now we can send messages instantly through apps like Zalo or WhatsApp. We can also do video calls with people far away. This makes communication faster and easier. However, some people think we don’t talk face-to-face as much as before, which can be a problem.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Past → Present → Positive → Negative (có balance)
• Vocabulary: Simple (a lot, mainly, far away, faster and easier)
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Clear message với comparison, nhưng lacks specific analysis, generic examples

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

Technology has fundamentally transformed the landscape of human communication in ways that would have been unimaginable just a generation ago. Perhaps the most obvious change is the shift from predominantly synchronous to asynchronous communication. Whereas people once relied primarily on real-time conversations – whether face-to-face or via telephone – we now have the flexibility to communicate at our own convenience through messaging platforms, emails, and social media.

This has both democratised and globalised communication. Geographic barriers that once severely limited our ability to maintain relationships have essentially been dismantled. I can now stay in regular contact with friends and family across continents through video calls and instant messaging, something that would have been prohibitively expensive or logistically challenging in the pre-digital era.

However, there’s a certain paradox at play here. While we’re more connected than ever in terms of quantity, some argue that the quality and depth of our communication have suffered as a consequence. The brevity and informality of digital communication – the emojis, the abbreviations, the 280-character limit – can sometimes undermine the nuance and emotional richness of traditional conversation. There’s also the phenomenon of being physically present but mentally absent, where people are so engrossed in their devices that face-to-face interactions become superficial.

That said, I believe these are teething problems as society adapts to these new modes of communication. We’re learning to strike a balance between leveraging the convenience of technology and preserving the authenticity of human connection.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Introduction (fundamental transformation) → Positive changes (convenience, globalization) → Negative aspects (paradox, quality vs quantity) → Balanced conclusion
• Vocabulary: Sophisticated: “fundamentally transformed”, “synchronous to asynchronous”, “democratised and globalised”, “prohibitively expensive”, “teething problems”
• Grammar: Wide range: passive voice (“have been dismantled”), relative clauses, present perfect (“has suffered”), complex noun phrases
• Critical Thinking: Acknowledges paradox, shows balanced view, provides specific examples (280-character limit), offers forward-looking perspective

💡 Key Language Features:

• Discourse markers: “Perhaps the most obvious”, “However”, “That said”
• Tentative language: “some argue”, “can sometimes”, “I believe”
• Abstract concepts: “landscape of human communication”, “democratised”, “paradox”, “authenticity”
• Contrasts: “While…however”, “quantity…quality”, “convenience…authenticity”

Giám khảo và thí sinh thảo luận IELTS Speaking Part 3 về công nghệ

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Theme 2: Technology in Education and Work

Question 3: Do you think schools should focus more on teaching technology skills?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Opinion
• Key words: “should”, “schools”, “focus more”, “technology skills”
• Cách tiếp cận: Give opinion → Justify with reasons → Acknowledge counterarguments → Conclude with balanced view

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

Yes, I think schools should teach more technology skills. In the modern world, almost every job needs some computer skills, so students need to learn them early. They should learn things like using Office programs, searching for information online, and maybe basic coding. However, schools should not forget about traditional subjects like math and literature. They are also important. So I think schools need to find a balance between technology skills and other subjects.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Opinion → Reason → Examples → Counterpoint → Conclusion (có balance)
• Vocabulary: Adequate but basic (computer skills, modern world, basic coding, traditional subjects)
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Clear opinion với some justification, mentions balance nhưng analysis không deep

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

I’d say that’s absolutely essential, actually, given the increasingly digitised nature of virtually every sector. We’re living in an era where digital literacy is no longer optional but fundamental – comparable to traditional literacy and numeracy. Schools have a responsibility to equip students with the technological competencies they’ll need to navigate both their personal and professional lives.

However, when I say “technology skills,” I’m not merely referring to basic operational knowledge like using word processors or spreadsheets – though those are certainly important. What’s more crucial is developing computational thinking, problem-solving abilities, and understanding the logic behind technology rather than just being passive consumers of it. For instance, introducing coding and programming from an early age can foster analytical thinking and creativity that transcend specific technologies and remain relevant even as particular tools become obsolete.

That said, there’s a caveat here. This emphasis on technology shouldn’t come at the expense of well-rounded education. We need to be wary of over-prioritising technical skills at the cost of critical thinking, emotional intelligence, ethical reasoning, and humanities education – the very things that make us human and that technology cannot replace. The goal should be integration rather than substitution – weaving technology into existing curricula in ways that enhance learning across all subjects rather than treating it as an isolated discipline.

Moreover, there’s the question of equity and access. Not all schools, particularly those in underserved communities, have the infrastructure and resources to effectively teach technology skills. Any push toward increased technology education must be accompanied by investment in bridging these digital divides, otherwise we risk exacerbating existing inequalities.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Strong agreement với justification → Clarifies what kind of tech skills (deeper than basic) → Important caveat về balanced education → Additional consideration về equity
• Vocabulary: Highly sophisticated: “increasingly digitised nature”, “digital literacy”, “computational thinking”, “transcend”, “well-rounded education”, “over-prioritising”, “exacerbating inequalities”
• Grammar: Complex structures throughout: “given the increasingly…”, “what’s more crucial is developing…”, “the very things that make us human”, relative clauses, gerunds
• Critical Thinking: Multi-dimensional analysis: distinguishes types of tech skills, acknowledges trade-offs, considers equity issues, proposes solution (integration not substitution)

💡 Key Language Features:

• Discourse markers: “actually”, “However”, “For instance”, “That said”, “Moreover”
• Tentative language: “I’d say”, “should be”, “We need to be wary of”
• Abstract nouns: “literacy”, “competencies”, “computational thinking”, “integration”, “equity”
• Hedging: “virtually”, “generally”, “tend to”

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Question 4: How might technology change the workplace in the future?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Future prediction/Speculation
• Key words: “how”, “might”, “future”
• Cách tiếp cận: Speculate về trends, use tentative language, mention multiple possibilities, consider implications

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

I think technology will change workplaces a lot in the future. More people will probably work from home using computers and video calls. Many jobs might be done by robots or AI, especially simple and repetitive jobs. This could be good because it makes work easier, but it could also be bad because some people might lose their jobs. I think workers will need to learn new skills to adapt to these changes.

Phân tích:

• Structure: General prediction → Examples → Positive and negative → Implication
• Vocabulary: Basic future forms (will, might, could), simple vocabulary (a lot, good, bad)
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Clear predictions với some balance, nhưng lacks sophisticated speculation structures, generic ideas

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

That’s a fascinating question, and while predicting the future is always speculative, I think we can identify certain trajectories based on current trends. I’d say we’re on the cusp of a major paradigm shift in how work is conceived and executed.

One almost certain development is the continued proliferation of remote and hybrid work models. The pandemic essentially served as a massive experiment that demonstrated the viability of distributed work for many industries. I expect this trend to accelerate, with companies increasingly untethered from physical offices and talent pools becoming truly global. This could have profound implications for urban planning, commercial real estate, and even international labour markets.

Another inevitable change is the increasing integration of artificial intelligence and automation. However, I don’t subscribe to the dystopian narrative of wholesale job replacement. Rather, I think we’ll see a reconfiguration of work where routine, repetitive tasks are automated, freeing humans to focus on work that requires creativity, emotional intelligence, and complex problem-solving – precisely the areas where humans still maintain a significant advantage over machines. This will necessitate massive reskilling and upskilling initiatives, and societies that fail to invest in human capital development could face serious economic disruption.

We might also witness the rise of new work paradigms that don’t exist yet. Just as the gig economy emerged relatively recently, enabled by platform technologies, future innovations could create entirely new categories of work and employment relationships. Perhaps we’ll see more portfolio careers where individuals juggle multiple part-time roles rather than committing to single, full-time positions, or the emergence of virtual workspaces that blur the boundaries between physical and digital collaboration environments.

The crucial question, in my view, isn’t whether technology will change work – that’s inevitable – but whether we can manage this transition equitably, ensuring that the benefits are distributed fairly and that those displaced by technological change are adequately supported in transitioning to new opportunities.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Acknowledges speculation → Trend 1 (remote work) với implications → Trend 2 (AI) với nuanced view → Trend 3 (new paradigms) với examples → Concluding reflection về crucial consideration
• Vocabulary: Highly sophisticated: “on the cusp of”, “paradigm shift”, “proliferation”, “untethered from”, “dystopian narrative”, “reconfiguration”, “necessitate”, “portfolio careers”
• Grammar: Complex throughout: conditional structures implied, passive voice, relative clauses, gerunds as subjects, multiple subordinate clauses
• Critical Thinking: Sophisticated reasoning: challenges dystopian view, considers multiple dimensions (urban planning, international labour), acknowledges uncertainty while making informed predictions, ends with ethical consideration

💡 Key Language Features:

• Speculative language: “I’d say we’re on the cusp of”, “I expect”, “I don’t subscribe to”, “we might witness”, “perhaps we’ll see”
• Discourse markers: “However”, “Rather”, “Another inevitable change”, “The crucial question”
• Future forms variety: “we’re on the cusp of”, “I expect…to accelerate”, “we’ll see”, “could face”, “might witness”
• Abstract concepts: “paradigm shift”, “viability”, “profound implications”, “reconfiguration”, “equitably”

Tương tự như describe a recent change in your life that you adapted to, sự thay đổi trong môi trường làm việc do công nghệ mang lại sẽ đòi hỏi khả năng thích nghi linh hoạt từ người lao động.

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Theme 3: Technology and Personal Life

Question 5: Is it important for elderly people to learn to use technology? Why or why not?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Opinion with justification
• Key words: “important”, “elderly people”, “learn to use technology”, “why”
• Cách tiếp cận: Take a position → Give multiple reasons → Acknowledge challenges → Balanced conclusion

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

Yes, I think it’s important for elderly people to learn technology. First, technology can help them stay connected with family and friends through social media and video calls. This is especially important if their children live far away. Second, they can use technology for practical things like online banking or shopping, which is more convenient. However, I understand that learning technology can be difficult for older people, so we should help them patiently.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Opinion → Reason 1 → Reason 2 → Acknowledgment của challenge
• Vocabulary: Adequate (stay connected, practical things, convenient) nhưng basic
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Clear opinion với supporting reasons, shows some empathy nhưng analysis không sâu

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

I’d argue it’s increasingly crucial, though I’d qualify that by saying the level and type of technological proficiency needed varies depending on individual circumstances and personal aspirations.

From a pragmatic standpoint, basic digital literacy has become almost essential for participating fully in modern society. So many services have migrated online – from banking and healthcare to government services and shopping – that lacking these skills can effectively exclude people from accessing fundamental resources and leave them vulnerable to dependence on others or even exploitation. For elderly people who value their independence, acquiring basic technological skills can be empowering, enabling them to manage their affairs autonomously well into their later years.

Beyond practical considerations, there’s the profound social dimension. Technology offers elderly people invaluable tools for combating isolation – something that becomes increasingly pressing as people age and their social circles naturally contract. Video calling, social media, and messaging platforms can help them maintain meaningful connections with family and friends, particularly across distances. During the pandemic, for instance, many elderly people who’d previously been technophobic found that learning to use Zoom or WhatsApp became their lifeline to the outside world.

That said, I think we need to be realistic about the challenges and avoid a one-size-fits-all approach. Learning new technology can be genuinely daunting for older adults, not just because of unfamiliarity but due to age-related cognitive changes, physical limitations like declining vision or dexterity, or simply deeply ingrained habits that are difficult to break. Pressuring elderly people to become tech-savvy when they’re uninterested or find it overwhelming could be counterproductive and even damaging to their wellbeing.

The solution, I believe, lies in providing patient, tailored support that respects individual preferences and capabilities, focusing on technologies that genuinely enhance their quality of life rather than imposing technology for its own sake.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Position with qualification → Practical reasons (independence, access) → Social reasons (combating isolation) với pandemic example → Counterarguments (challenges) với empathy → Balanced solution
• Vocabulary: Sophisticated: “increasingly crucial”, “qualify that”, “pragmatic standpoint”, “migrated online”, “combating isolation”, “genuinely daunting”, “age-related cognitive changes”, “counterproductive”
• Grammar: Full range: relative clauses, gerunds, conditionals (“can be empowering”), passive voice, participle phrases
• Critical Thinking: Nuanced position (important but depends), considers multiple perspectives (practical, social, challenges), shows empathy, proposes thoughtful solution

💡 Key Language Features:

• Tentative language: “I’d argue”, “I’d qualify that”, “I think we need to”, “I believe”
• Discourse markers: “From a pragmatic standpoint”, “Beyond practical considerations”, “That said”, “For instance”
• Abstract nouns: “proficiency”, “aspirations”, “exploitation”, “empowerment”, “isolation”, “wellbeing”
• Sophisticated collocations: “basic digital literacy”, “fundamental resources”, “social circles naturally contract”, “deeply ingrained habits”

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Question 6: What are the disadvantages of being too dependent on technology?

🎯 Phân tích câu hỏi:

• Dạng: Problem/Disadvantage
• Key words: “disadvantages”, “too dependent”, “technology”
• Cách tiếp cận: Identify multiple disadvantages with examples, discuss implications, perhaps suggest moderation

📝 Sample Answer – Band 6-7:

There are several disadvantages of depending too much on technology. First, people might lose basic skills. For example, many people now can’t do simple math without a calculator. Second, too much screen time is bad for health, causing problems like eye strain and poor posture. Third, people might become addicted to their devices and ignore real-life relationships. Also, if technology fails, people who depend on it too much will have serious problems.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Lists disadvantages systematically (First, Second, Third, Also)
• Vocabulary: Clear but basic (lose basic skills, bad for health, serious problems)
• Tại sao Band 6-7: Covers multiple points với examples, nhưng lacks depth of analysis, generic ideas

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📝 Câu trả lời mẫu – Band 8-9:

That’s a really pertinent concern, actually. I think excessive dependence on technology poses several interconnected risks that warrant serious consideration.

Perhaps most immediately, there’s the issue of skill atrophy. When we outsource cognitive tasks to technology – whether it’s relying on GPS for navigation, calculators for basic arithmetic, or autocorrect for spelling – we risk allowing fundamental skills to deteriorate from disuse. This creates a kind of vulnerability where we’re helpless if technology fails or becomes unavailable. Imagine being completely reliant on your smartphone for directions and suddenly finding yourself with a dead battery in an unfamiliar place – that’s a minor inconvenience that illustrates a larger problem.

There are also significant health implications. Excessive screen time has been linked to a range of issues from digital eye strain and disrupted sleep patterns to more serious concerns like sedentary lifestyle-related diseases. The constant connectivity that technology enables can also take a toll on mental health, contributing to anxiety, stress, and inability to disconnect – what some researchers call “technostress.”

On a deeper level, I’m concerned about the erosion of certain human capacities. When we’re constantly plugged in to technology, we sacrifice opportunities for solitude and reflection, face-to-face interaction, and even boredom – which, paradoxically, can be incredibly valuable for creativity and self-discovery. There’s research suggesting that our constant multitasking with devices is fragmenting our attention spans and diminishing our capacity for deep, sustained focus – what Cal Newport calls “deep work.”

From a societal perspective, over-dependence on technology also raises troubling questions about privacy, surveillance, and corporate control over our lives. The more we rely on technological platforms for essential services, the more data we surrender and the more power we cede to the corporations that control these technologies.

That said, I don’t think the solution is rejecting technology – that’s neither practical nor desirable. Rather, it’s about cultivating a more mindful, balanced relationship with technology, being intentional about when and how we use it, and ensuring it remains a tool that serves us rather than something that dictates our behavior.

Phân tích:

• Structure: Acknowledges concern → Disadvantage 1 (skill atrophy) với concrete example → Disadvantage 2 (health) với specifics → Disadvantage 3 (psychological/deeper capacities) với research reference → Disadvantage 4 (societal/privacy) → Balanced conclusion về solution
• Vocabulary: Highly sophisticated: “pertinent concern”, “skill atrophy”, “outsource cognitive tasks”, “deteriorate from disuse”, “take a toll on”, “erosion of human capacities”, “cultivating a more mindful relationship”
• Grammar: Complex throughout: relative clauses, gerunds as subjects, conditionals, passive constructions, participle phrases
• Critical Thinking: Multi-dimensional analysis (individual skills, health, psychological, societal), references research (Cal Newport), acknowledges complexity, proposes nuanced solution rather than extreme position

💡 Key Language Features:

• Discourse markers: “Perhaps most immediately”, “There are also”, “On a deeper level”, “From a societal perspective”, “That said”
• Tentative language: “I think”, “I’m concerned about”, “I don’t think”, “Rather, it’s about”
• Abstract concepts: “vulnerability”, “erosion”, “solitude”, “self-discovery”, “surveillance”, “mindful relationship”
• Academic references: Mentions research and specific author (Cal Newport)

Đối với những ai quan tâm đến describe a place in your country that is known for its food, việc cân bằng giữa trải nghiệm thực tế và ghi lại khoảnh khắc qua công nghệ cũng là một vấn đề đáng suy ngẫm trong bối cảnh phụ thuộc công nghệ ngày nay.

Sinh viên ghi chú và học từ vựng chuyên ngành công nghệ cho IELTS Speaking

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Từ vựng và cụm từ quan trọng

Topic-Specific Vocabulary

Từ vựng/Cụm từ	Loại từ	Phiên âm	Nghĩa tiếng Việt	Ví dụ	Collocation
tech-savvy	adj	/tek ˈsævi/	am hiểu công nghệ, thạo công nghệ	My brother is extremely tech-savvy and can fix any computer problem.	highly tech-savvy, remarkably tech-savvy, increasingly tech-savvy
troubleshoot	v	/ˈtrʌbl.ʃuːt/	khắc phục sự cố, tìm và sửa lỗi	He can troubleshoot software issues quickly without external help.	troubleshoot problems/issues/errors, troubleshoot independently
cutting-edge	adj	/ˌkʌt.ɪŋ ˈedʒ/	tiên tiến nhất, đỉnh cao	She always uses cutting-edge technology in her work.	cutting-edge technology/software/equipment/innovation
digital literacy	n	/ˈdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl ˈlɪt.ər.ə.si/	kiến thức số, khả năng sử dụng công nghệ số	Digital literacy has become essential in modern education.	basic digital literacy, improve digital literacy, digital literacy skills
proficient in	adj phrase	/prəˈfɪʃ.ənt ɪn/	thành thạo về	He’s proficient in multiple programming languages including Python and Java.	highly proficient in, become proficient in, proficient in technology
navigate through	phrasal verb	/ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt θruː/	điều hướng qua, sử dụng thành thạo	She can navigate through complex software systems with ease.	navigate through systems/software/interfaces/platforms
stay ahead of the curve	idiom	/steɪ əˈhed əv ðə kɜːv/	dẫn đầu xu hướng, bắt kịp tiến bộ	To remain competitive, he always stays ahead of the curve with new technologies.	stay/keep ahead of the curve, staying ahead of the curve
seamlessly integrated	adj phrase	/ˈsiːm.ləs.li ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡreɪ.tɪd/	được tích hợp liền mạch	The app is seamlessly integrated into their daily workflow.	seamlessly integrated into/with, seamlessly integrated system
emerging technologies	n phrase	/ɪˈmɜː.dʒɪŋ tekˈnɒl.ə.dʒiz/	công nghệ mới nổi	He’s always researching emerging technologies like blockchain and AI.	explore/adopt/embrace emerging technologies
user-friendly	adj	/ˈjuː.zə ˌfrend.li/	thân thiện với người dùng, dễ sử dụng	The interface is very user-friendly, even for beginners.	user-friendly interface/design/platform/application
cloud-based	adj	/klaʊd beɪst/	dựa trên đám mây	They switched to a cloud-based storage system for better accessibility.	cloud-based platform/storage/service/solution
automation	n	/ˌɔː.təˈmeɪ.ʃən/	tự động hóa	Automation has significantly improved productivity in manufacturing.	automation technology, process automation, increased automation
bandwidth	n	/ˈbænd.wɪdθ/	băng thông	You need high bandwidth for smooth video conferencing.	high/low bandwidth, bandwidth capacity, bandwidth requirements
glitch	n	/ɡlɪtʃ/	lỗi kỹ thuật nhỏ	There was a minor glitch in the system but it’s been resolved.	technical glitch, experience a glitch, fix/resolve a glitch
interface	n	/ˈɪn.tə.feɪs/	giao diện	The software has an intuitive interface that’s easy to navigate.	user interface, graphical interface, intuitive/clean interface
hack into	phrasal verb	/hæk ˈɪn.tuː/	xâm nhập trái phép vào hệ thống	Cybercriminals attempted to hack into the company’s database.	hack into systems/accounts/networks
back up	phrasal verb	/bæk ʌp/	sao lưu dữ liệu	Remember to back up your important files regularly.	back up data/files/information, automatic backup
go viral	idiom	/ɡəʊ ˈvaɪə.rəl/	lan truyền nhanh chóng trên mạng	Her video went viral and received millions of views overnight.	go viral on social media, video/post goes viral
digital footprint	n phrase	/ˈdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl ˈfʊt.prɪnt/	dấu vết kỹ thuật số	Be careful about your digital footprint as it can affect your reputation.	leave a digital footprint, manage digital footprint
upgrade	v/n	/ʌpˈɡreɪd/	nâng cấp	I need to upgrade my laptop’s operating system.	software/hardware upgrade, upgrade to the latest version

Idiomatic Expressions & Advanced Phrases

Cụm từ	Nghĩa	Ví dụ sử dụng	Band điểm
at the forefront of	ở tiên phong, dẫn đầu	He’s at the forefront of AI research in his field.	7.5-9
up to speed with	cập nhật, theo kịp	She’s always up to speed with the latest tech trends.	7-8
constantly glued to	dính mắt vào liên tục	Many people are constantly glued to their smartphones these days.	7.5-8.5
on the cutting edge	ở đỉnh cao tiến bộ	The company is on the cutting edge of biotechnology innovation.	8-9
trial and error	thử và sai, học từ thất bại	He learned programming through trial and error rather than formal education.	7-8
steep learning curve	độ khó học cao	The new software has a steep learning curve but it’s worth mastering.	7.5-8.5
bells and whistles	tính năng phụ không thiết yếu	The app has lots of bells and whistles but the basic version works fine.	7.5-8.5
push the envelope	vượt qua giới hạn	These developers are really pushing the envelope in mobile gaming.	8-9
game-changer	thứ thay đổi cuộc chơi hoàn toàn	Smartphones were a real game-changer in how we communicate.	7.5-8.5
digital native	người lớn lên với công nghệ số	As a digital native, she adapted to remote work instantly.	7.5-8.5
across the board	trên toàn bộ, khắp nơi	Technology has improved efficiency across the board in our company.	7.5-8
in the pipeline	đang được phát triển	There are several innovative features in the pipeline for the next update.	7.5-8.5

Discourse Markers (Từ Nối Ý Trong Speaking)

Để bắt đầu câu trả lời:

• 📝 Well,… – Dùng khi cần thời gian suy nghĩ ngắn hoặc sắp đưa ra opinion
• 📝 Actually,… – Khi đưa ra góc nhìn hơi khác hoặc surprise information
• 📝 To be honest,… – Khi nói thật, thường cho personal opinion
• 📝 I’d say that… – Cách mềm mại để đưa ra quan điểm
• 📝 From my perspective,… – Nhấn mạnh đây là góc nhìn cá nhân

Để bổ sung ý:

• 📝 On top of that,… – Thêm vào đó, để add more information
• 📝 What’s more,… – Hơn nữa, stronger than “also”
• 📝 Not to mention… – Chưa kể đến, thường cho điểm quan trọng
• 📝 Beyond that,… – Ngoài ra, để introduce additional dimension
• 📝 Another thing is… – Một điều khác là

Để đưa ra quan điểm cân bằng:

• 📝 On the one hand,… On the other hand,… – Một mặt…mặt khác (cho two sides)
• 📝 While it’s true that…, we also need to consider… – Tuy đúng là…nhưng cần xem xét
• 📝 That said,… – Tuy nhiên, để introduce contrasting point
• 📝 Having said that,… – Sau khi nói điều đó, similar to “that said”

Để kết luận:

• 📝 All in all,… – Tóm lại, để summarize
• 📝 At the end of the day,… – Cuối cùng thì, cho bottom line
• 📝 In a nutshell,… – Tóm gọn lại
• 📝 Overall,… – Nhìn chung

Để đưa ra ví dụ:

• 📝 For instance,… – Formal hơn “for example”
• 📝 Take…for example,… – Lấy…làm ví dụ
• 📝 A case in point is… – Một trường hợp điển hình là

Grammatical Structures Ấn Tượng

1. Conditional Sentences (Câu điều kiện):

• Mixed conditional: “If he hadn’t been so passionate about technology (past), he wouldn’t be working at a top tech company now (present).”
• Inversion: “Had he not developed these skills early, he wouldn’t be as successful today.”

2. Relative Clauses (Mệnh đề quan hệ):

• Non-defining: “My brother, who has been programming since he was 12, now works as a senior developer.”
• Reduced relative clause: “The skills acquired through years of practice have made him invaluable to his team.”

3. Passive Voice (Câu bị động):

• It is thought/believed/said that… “It’s widely believed that digital literacy will become as fundamental as reading and writing.”
• Complex passive: “Technology has been seamlessly integrated into virtually every aspect of modern life.”

4. Cleft Sentences (Câu chẻ):

• What I find most impressive is… “What I find most impressive about him is his ability to explain complex concepts simply.”
• The thing that makes him tech-savvy is… “The thing that makes him tech-savvy is his constant curiosity about how things work.”

5. Inversion for emphasis:

• Not only…but also… “Not only can he code in multiple languages, but he can also design entire system architectures.”
• Rarely have I seen… “Rarely have I seen someone pick up new technologies so quickly.”

6. Participle Clauses:

• Having grown up with technology, he finds it second nature.
• Being tech-savvy himself, he’s able to help others learn more efficiently.

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Với các chiến lược và từ vựng được trình bày chi tiết trong bài viết này, bạn đã có một roadmap hoàn chỉnh để chinh phục chủ đề “describe a person who is very tech-savvy” trong IELTS Speaking. Hãy nhớ rằng việc sử dụng từ vựng và cấu trúc ngữ pháp phức tạp phải luôn đi kèm với sự tự nhiên và tự tin. Đừng cố gắng nhồi nhét quá nhiều vocabulary nâng cao vào một câu trả lời – điều đó sẽ nghe không authentic. Thay vào đó, hãy tập trung vào việc phát triển ý tưởng rõ ràng với examples cụ thể và demonstrate critical thinking trong Part 3.

Khi luyện tập, hãy record câu trả lời của bạn và tự đánh giá theo 4 tiêu chí chấm điểm. Chú ý đặc biệt đến Fluency – khả năng nói liên tục không hesitate quá nhiều, và Coherence – logic flow của ideas. Những yếu tố này thường được học viên Việt Nam bỏ qua khi quá tập trung vào vocabulary và grammar.

Hãy nhớ rằng, IELTS Speaking là một conversation, không phải bài test thuộc lòng. Examiner đánh giá cao sự tự nhiên, personality và ability to communicate effectively hơn là việc bạn sử dụng bao nhiêu từ vựng band 9. Chúc bạn đạt được band điểm mong muốn!