IELTS Reading: Xu Hướng Làm Việc Từ Xa Và ảnh Hưởng đến Nhu Cầu Văn Phòng - Đề Thi Mẫu Có đáp án Chi Tiết » IELTS.NET

Mở bài

Chủ đề về sự phát triển của làm việc từ xa và ảnh hưởng của nó đến nhu cầu không gian văn phòng đã trở thành một trong những xu hướng nổi bật nhất trong thế giới hiện đại, đặc biệt sau đại dịch COVID-19. Trong các kỳ thi IELTS Reading gần đây, các passages liên quan đến công nghệ, xu hướng làm việc và kiến trúc đô thị xuất hiện khá thường xuyên, chiếm khoảng 15-20% tổng số đề thi.

Mục lục nội dung

Bài viết này cung cấp cho bạn một bộ đề thi IELTS Reading hoàn chỉnh với 3 passages từ cơ bản đến nâng cao, bao gồm 40 câu hỏi đa dạng giống như thi thật. Bạn sẽ được luyện tập với nhiều dạng câu hỏi phổ biến như Multiple Choice, True/False/Not Given, Matching Headings, Summary Completion và nhiều dạng khác. Mỗi câu hỏi đều có đáp án chi tiết kèm giải thích cụ thể về vị trí thông tin, cách paraphrase và kỹ thuật xác định đáp án đúng.

Đặc biệt, bộ đề này được thiết kế phù hợp cho học viên từ band 5.0 trở lên, với độ khó tăng dần qua từng passage, giúp bạn làm quen với cấu trúc đề thi thực tế và nâng cao khả năng làm bài một cách bài bản. Ngoài ra, bạn sẽ được trang bị một kho từ vựng học thuật phong phú liên quan đến chủ đề công nghệ, kinh doanh và bất động sản – những từ vựng thường xuyên xuất hiện trong IELTS Reading.

Hướng dẫn làm bài IELTS Reading

Tổng Quan Về IELTS Reading Test

IELTS Reading Test là một phần quan trọng trong kỳ thi IELTS Academic, yêu cầu thí sinh hoàn thành 40 câu hỏi trong vòng 60 phút. Bài thi bao gồm 3 passages với độ dài và độ khó tăng dần, tổng cộng khoảng 2,000-2,750 từ.

Phân bổ thời gian khuyến nghị:

Passage 1: 15-17 phút (độ khó Easy, phù hợp band 5.0-6.5)
Passage 2: 18-20 phút (độ khó Medium, phù hợp band 6.0-7.5)
Passage 3: 23-25 phút (độ khó Hard, phù hợp band 7.0-9.0)

Lưu ý rằng bạn không có thời gian riêng để chuyển đáp án sang answer sheet, vì vậy hãy quản lý thời gian thật tốt và ghi đáp án ngay trong khi làm bài.

Các Dạng Câu Hỏi Trong Đề Này

Bộ đề thi này bao gồm 7 dạng câu hỏi phổ biến nhất trong IELTS Reading:

Multiple Choice – Câu hỏi trắc nghiệm nhiều lựa chọn
True/False/Not Given – Xác định thông tin đúng, sai hay không được đề cập
Yes/No/Not Given – Xác định ý kiến của tác giả
Matching Headings – Nối tiêu đề với đoạn văn
Sentence Completion – Hoàn thành câu
Summary Completion – Hoàn thành đoạn tóm tắt
Matching Features – Nối thông tin với đặc điểm

IELTS Reading Practice Test

PASSAGE 1 – The Remote Working Revolution

Độ khó: Easy (Band 5.0-6.5)

Thời gian đề xuất: 15-17 phút

The concept of remote working has transformed from a rare privilege to a mainstream working arrangement in just a few years. Before 2020, only about 5% of employees in developed countries worked from home on a regular basis. This figure was even lower in developing nations, where traditional office culture remained deeply entrenched. However, the COVID-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst for change, forcing millions of workers worldwide to adapt to working from their homes almost overnight.

The shift to remote working has been made possible largely due to advances in digital technology. High-speed internet connections, cloud-based software, and video conferencing tools like Zoom and Microsoft Teams have become essential infrastructure for the modern workforce. These technologies enable employees to communicate with colleagues, attend meetings, and access company resources from virtually anywhere in the world. A survey conducted by Global Workplace Analytics in 2022 revealed that 77% of remote workers reported equal or higher productivity levels compared to when they worked in traditional office settings.

Employers have discovered numerous benefits associated with remote working arrangements. First and foremost, companies can significantly reduce their operational costs. Office space in major cities is extremely expensive, with businesses in London, New York, and Tokyo paying premium rates for prime locations. By allowing employees to work remotely, companies can downsize their physical offices or eliminate them entirely, saving thousands of dollars in rent, utilities, and maintenance costs each month. Some organizations have reported cost savings of up to 40% on real estate expenses alone.

Additionally, remote working opens up a much larger talent pool for employers. Companies are no longer restricted to hiring candidates who live within commuting distance of their offices. A software company based in San Francisco, for example, can now recruit a talented programmer living in rural Texas or even in another country. This geographical flexibility has proven particularly valuable for businesses struggling to find qualified workers in competitive job markets. Research by LinkedIn shows that job postings offering remote work options receive 2.5 times more applications than traditional office-based positions.

From the employee perspective, remote working offers considerable advantages in terms of work-life balance and personal wellbeing. Workers save substantial time and money by eliminating their daily commute. In the United States, the average commuter spends approximately 54 minutes traveling to and from work each day, which amounts to 225 hours per year – equivalent to more than nine full days. This time can now be redirected toward family activities, exercise, hobbies, or additional work if desired. Furthermore, remote workers report lower stress levels and greater job satisfaction, partly because they have more control over their working environment and schedule.

However, the remote working model is not without its challenges. Many employees struggle with feelings of isolation and disconnection from their colleagues and company culture. The spontaneous conversations and social interactions that naturally occur in office settings are difficult to replicate virtually. Some workers, particularly those living alone or in small apartments, find it difficult to separate their professional and personal lives when both take place in the same physical space. Mental health professionals have noted an increase in cases of burnout and anxiety among remote workers who feel they must be constantly available.

The environmental impact of reduced office usage presents a mixed picture. On one hand, fewer people commuting means lower carbon emissions from transportation. Studies estimate that if everyone who could work remotely did so just half the time, it would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 54 million tons annually in the United States alone. On the other hand, home energy consumption has increased as people heat, cool, and power their home offices throughout the day. The overall environmental benefit depends largely on factors such as the energy efficiency of homes versus office buildings and the mode of transportation previously used for commuting.

Looking ahead, most experts predict that a hybrid model – combining remote work with some office presence – will become the dominant working arrangement. This approach attempts to capture the benefits of both systems while minimizing their respective drawbacks. Employees might work from home three days per week and come into the office for two days, for instance. This model allows for important face-to-face interactions while still providing the flexibility and cost savings associated with remote work. Major corporations including Google, Apple, and Microsoft have already announced hybrid working policies for their workforce.

Questions 1-5

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

According to the passage, what percentage of employees regularly worked from home before 2020?
A. Less than 5%
B. Approximately 5%
C. Around 10%
D. More than 15%
What does the passage say about productivity levels of remote workers?
A. They are consistently lower than office workers
B. They vary significantly between industries
C. Most remote workers maintain or improve their productivity
D. They have not been properly measured yet
How much can companies save on real estate expenses through remote working?
A. Up to 25%
B. Up to 40%
C. Up to 50%
D. Up to 60%
According to LinkedIn research, remote job postings receive:
A. Twice as many applications
B. 2.5 times more applications
C. Three times more applications
D. Five times more applications
The passage suggests the environmental impact of remote working is:
A. Entirely positive
B. Completely negative
C. Complex and depends on various factors
D. Insignificant overall

Questions 6-9

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage?

Write:

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

Video conferencing tools have become necessary infrastructure for remote workers.
All employees prefer remote working to traditional office environments.
Remote workers in the United States save over 200 hours per year by not commuting.
Google, Apple, and Microsoft plan to require all employees to work remotely full-time.

Questions 10-13

Complete the sentences below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.

The COVID-19 pandemic served as a __ that accelerated the adoption of remote working.
Companies can now recruit from a much larger __ when they offer remote positions.
Some remote workers experience feelings of __ because they miss social interactions with colleagues.
Most experts believe a __ that combines office and remote work will become most common.

PASSAGE 2 – Reimagining Office Spaces in the Digital Age

Độ khó: Medium (Band 6.0-7.5)

Thời gian đề xuất: 18-20 phút

The rapid proliferation of remote working has triggered a fundamental reassessment of how office spaces are designed, utilized, and valued in the contemporary business landscape. Commercial real estate developers, corporate strategists, and urban planners are grappling with a paradigm shift that challenges decades of conventional wisdom about the necessity and function of physical workplaces. The implications of this transformation extend far beyond individual companies, affecting urban development patterns, property values, and the economic vitality of city centers that have historically relied on dense concentrations of office workers.

In major metropolitan areas worldwide, vacancy rates for commercial office space have reached levels not seen since the 2008 financial crisis. In cities such as San Francisco, Seattle, and Austin – tech hubs that pioneered remote-friendly policies – office occupancy rates have stabilized at approximately 60-70% of pre-pandemic levels, even as public health restrictions have been fully lifted. London’s financial district, known as the City, has experienced a similar phenomenon, with footfall on weekdays remaining 35-40% below 2019 baseline measurements. These statistics have precipitated a significant repricing of commercial real estate assets, with some prime properties experiencing valuation declines of 20-30%.

The ramifications of reduced office demand extend throughout urban ecosystems. Businesses that catered to office workers – including restaurants, coffee shops, dry cleaners, and gyms – have seen their customer base diminish substantially. A comprehensive study by the Urban Land Institute found that establishments within a quarter-mile radius of major office buildings experienced revenue declines averaging 42% compared to pre-2020 levels. This economic disruption has catalyzed discussions about the need to revitalize downtown areas through residential conversion projects and mixed-use development strategies that reduce dependence on daytime office traffic.

However, pronouncements about the obsolescence of office spaces appear premature and fail to account for the nuanced ways in which physical workplaces continue to serve important functions. Forward-thinking organizations are not abandoning offices but rather reconceptualizing their purpose and design. The emerging consensus views offices less as places where routine tasks are performed and more as collaborative hubs where employees gather for specific purposes: team meetings, brainstorming sessions, client presentations, training programs, and social events that reinforce organizational culture.

This functional shift has profound implications for office design. Traditional layouts featuring dense configurations of cubicles or individual workstations are being replaced by more flexible arrangements that prioritize collaboration and adaptability. The new model emphasizes a variety of space types: open collaboration areas, private rooms for confidential discussions, technology-equipped meeting rooms, casual social zones, and soundproof pods for focused work. Activity-based working – where employees choose from various workspace options depending on their immediate needs – has become a guiding principle for many cutting-edge office designs.

The concept of the “15-minute office” has gained traction as an alternative to traditional centralized headquarters. Instead of requiring all employees to commute to a single downtown location, companies are establishing networks of smaller satellite offices or co-working spaces distributed throughout residential neighborhoods. This decentralized approach allows workers to access professional office environments close to their homes while still providing opportunities for in-person collaboration. Real estate firm JLL reports that inquiries about flexible workspace solutions increased by 78% between 2021 and 2023, indicating strong market demand for this model.

Sustainability considerations have assumed greater importance in office space planning as organizations pursue environmental, social, and governance (ESG) objectives. The reduced utilization of office buildings presents both challenges and opportunities from an ecological perspective. Partially occupied buildings operating their heating, cooling, and lighting systems at full capacity are highly inefficient. Conversely, purpose-designed spaces optimized for hybrid usage patterns can achieve superior energy efficiency through smart building technologies that adjust environmental controls based on actual occupancy levels. Some developers are retrofitting older office buildings with solar panels, improved insulation, and advanced HVAC systems to enhance their environmental performance and marketability.

The financial sector has been particularly proactive in adapting to the new office paradigm. Major banks and investment firms, traditionally known for their prestigious headquarters and formal corporate cultures, have embraced flexible working policies while simultaneously investing in upgraded office facilities. Goldman Sachs, despite initially expressing skepticism about remote work, has redesigned its offices to include more amenities such as fitness centers, terraces, and premium dining options, effectively transforming them into destinations that employees choose to visit rather than feel obligated to attend. This strategy recognizes that offices must now compete for employees’ presence by offering compelling value that cannot be replicated at home.

Demographic factors also influence how the office market is evolving. Research indicates that attitudes toward remote work vary considerably across different age groups and career stages. Younger employees, particularly those in the early years of their careers, generally express stronger preferences for regular office attendance, valuing the mentorship opportunities, social connections, and professional development that in-person interactions facilitate. Conversely, more established professionals with family commitments tend to prioritize the flexibility that remote work provides. Astute employers are developing differentiated policies that accommodate these divergent preferences while maintaining organizational cohesion.

Looking forward, the office market appears to be bifurcating into distinct segments. Premium properties in desirable locations that offer modern amenities, advanced technology infrastructure, and sustainable design features continue to attract tenants and command strong rental rates. Meanwhile, Class B and C office buildings – older structures in less prestigious locations lacking modern features – face an uncertain future. Many such properties may require substantial investment for renovation or conversion to alternative uses such as residential, educational, or light industrial facilities. This divergence is creating both winners and losers in the commercial real estate sector.

Questions 14-18

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

What is the main focus of Paragraph 2?
A. The history of commercial real estate in tech hubs
B. The current state of office vacancy and occupancy rates
C. Public health restrictions affecting offices
D. Financial investments in urban properties
According to the passage, businesses near office buildings have experienced:
A. Complete closure in most cases
B. Average revenue declines of around 42%
C. Increases in weekend customer traffic
D. Minimal impact on their operations
The passage suggests that modern offices are being redesigned to function primarily as:
A. Places for routine daily tasks
B. Storage facilities for equipment
C. Collaborative hubs for specific purposes
D. Social venues only
What is the “15-minute office” concept?
A. Offices where meetings last only 15 minutes
B. Workspaces located 15 minutes from downtown
C. Satellite offices distributed near residential areas
D. Buildings with 15-minute cleaning schedules
According to research mentioned in the passage, younger employees generally:
A. Prefer working remotely full-time
B. Value in-person mentorship and social connections
C. Have no preference between office and remote work
D. Plan to change careers frequently

Questions 19-23

Complete the summary below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

The shift to remote working has caused significant changes in how office spaces are viewed and utilized. In major cities, 19. __ for commercial offices have reached very high levels, similar to the 2008 crisis. This has resulted in a 20. __ of commercial properties, with some prime locations losing 20-30% of their value.

Modern office design now emphasizes 21. __, where employees select different workspace types based on their current needs. Companies are also creating networks of 22. __ offices closer to residential areas rather than maintaining single downtown headquarters. From an environmental standpoint, 23. __ technologies can help buildings adjust their systems based on how many people are actually present.

Questions 24-26

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the passage?

Write:

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

The complete elimination of office spaces is inevitable given current trends.
Goldman Sachs has invested in office amenities to make offices more attractive to employees.
All companies should adopt identical remote working policies regardless of their industry.

PASSAGE 3 – The Socioeconomic Implications of the Remote Work Transition

Độ khó: Hard (Band 7.0-9.0)

Thời gian đề xuất: 23-25 phút

The wholesale transformation of working practices that has unfolded in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic represents far more than a mere technological adjustment or temporary adaptation to extraordinary circumstances. Rather, it constitutes a profound reconfiguration of the spatial dynamics of economic activity with ramifications that permeate multiple dimensions of contemporary society – from urban planning and residential patterns to income inequality and the psychological wellbeing of workers. As this metamorphosis continues to unfold, academics, policymakers, and business leaders are grappling with questions of unprecedented complexity regarding the optimal equilibrium between distributed and centralized work models and the attendant consequences for social cohesion, economic productivity, and environmental sustainability.

One of the most salient yet underappreciated aspects of the remote work phenomenon concerns its differential impact across socioeconomic strata. The capacity to work remotely is far from uniformly distributed throughout the labor force; rather, it is concentrated among certain occupational categories and demographic groups. Research conducted by economists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology reveals that approximately 37% of jobs in the United States can be performed entirely remotely, but this figure masks substantial variation across industries and income levels. Professional services, technology, finance, and information sectors exhibit high remote work feasibility, with 65-80% of positions capable of being performed outside traditional office settings. Conversely, industries such as hospitality, retail, healthcare, and manufacturing offer limited opportunities for remote work, as these roles necessitate physical presence and face-to-face interaction.

This dichotomy has exacerbated existing patterns of economic inequality. Higher-income workers, who are disproportionately employed in knowledge-based professions amenable to remote work, have reaped the benefits of increased flexibility, reduced commuting costs, and improved work-life balance. Meanwhile, lower-income workers in service and production roles have been denied these advantages, often facing the dual burden of continued workplace exposure to health risks during the pandemic alongside stagnant or declining real wages. This disparity has prompted some scholars to characterize remote work as a form of “privileged mobility” that reinforces rather than ameliorates socioeconomic stratification. The spatial segregation between those who can work from anywhere and those tethered to specific physical locations may crystallize into more entrenched patterns of inequality over time.

The geographical implications of widespread remote work adoption present a complex tapestry of opportunities and challenges for regional development. The diminished importance of physical proximity to employment centers has enabled a pronounced migration trend often termed “de-urbanization” or “Zoom town” phenomenon, whereby workers relocate from expensive metropolitan areas to smaller cities, suburban communities, or rural regions that offer lower costs of living and superior quality of life amenities. States such as Montana, Idaho, and Vermont in the United States have experienced substantial influxes of remote workers, as have medium-sized cities like Boise, Austin, and Nashville. This redistribution of highly skilled, high-earning workers has injected economic vitality into previously stagnating regions, supporting local businesses and increasing tax revenues.

However, this migration has also generated considerable friction and unintended consequences. The arrival of affluent remote workers has driven dramatic increases in housing prices and rental costs in many destination communities, displacing long-term residents who lack comparable financial resources. Boise, Idaho, experienced a 40% increase in median home prices between 2020 and 2022, rendering homeownership increasingly unattainable for many local residents. This dynamic has sparked resentment and social tensions in some communities, with newcomers perceived as disrupting established community character and exacerbating housing affordability challenges. Policymakers in these high-growth areas face the delicate task of balancing economic development opportunities against the need to preserve affordability and social cohesion.

From an urban planning perspective, the potential attenuation of central business districts raises profound questions about the long-term viability of development patterns that have dominated for decades. Cities across North America and Europe have predicated their planning strategies on the assumption of concentrated downtown employment, justifying extensive investments in public transportation infrastructure, cultural institutions, and civic amenities designed to serve dense office districts. If a substantial and permanent reduction in downtown office usage materializes, these investments may fail to generate their anticipated returns, necessitating a fundamental reconceptualization of urban spatial organization.

Several cities have begun exploring adaptive reuse strategies to repurpose underutilized office buildings for residential or mixed-use development. Converting office buildings to apartments or condominiums presents formidable technical and regulatory challenges, as the structural characteristics, floor plate designs, and building systems of office towers often differ substantially from those of residential buildings. Offices typically feature large, deep floor plates with limited natural light penetration and centralized building systems, whereas residential units require access to windows, individual climate controls, and different plumbing configurations. Nevertheless, successful conversion projects in cities such as New York, Chicago, and Toronto demonstrate the feasibility of such transformations, particularly for older office buildings constructed before the advent of modern deep-floor plate designs.

The implications for commercial real estate investment strategies have been profound and multifaceted. The traditional office sector has historically been considered a relatively stable asset class, offering predictable income streams through long-term lease agreements with creditworthy corporate tenants. The remote work transition has undermined these assumptions, introducing greater uncertainty regarding future demand and appropriate valuation methodologies. Institutional investors such as pension funds and insurance companies, which hold substantial allocations to commercial real estate, have had to reassess their portfolio strategies and risk models. Some forward-looking investors are pivoting toward office properties that align with emerging preferences for flexible, amenity-rich, sustainably designed spaces in prime locations, while divesting older, less desirable assets that appear increasingly obsolete.

The cognitive and psychological dimensions of remote work warrant careful consideration, as accumulating evidence suggests that the modality of work significantly influences mental health outcomes, creativity, and innovation capacity. While remote work offers autonomy and flexibility that many workers value, it also eliminates the serendipitous encounters and informal interactions that often catalyze creative thinking and problem-solving. Organizational psychologists have noted that weak ties – casual acquaintances rather than close colleagues – frequently serve as conduits for new ideas and diverse perspectives that stimulate innovation. The attenuation of these weak ties in predominantly remote work environments may have deleterious effects on organizational innovation over time, though definitive evidence on this question remains elusive.

Furthermore, the blurring of boundaries between work and personal life that often accompanies remote work has precipitated concerns about employee burnout and work intensification. Without the physical and temporal demarcation provided by commuting and distinct workspaces, many remote workers report difficulty “switching off” from work, leading to longer working hours and diminished recovery time. A longitudinal study published in the Journal of Occupational Health Psychology found that remote workers experienced significantly higher levels of emotional exhaustion compared to their office-based counterparts, particularly among those lacking dedicated home office space or clear boundaries around working hours. These findings suggest that successful remote work arrangements require more than merely technological infrastructure; they necessitate deliberate organizational policies and individual practices that protect worker wellbeing.

The environmental calculus of remote work proves surprisingly intricate upon close examination. While reduced commuting unquestionably diminishes transportation-related emissions, the overall environmental impact depends on numerous variables including residential energy consumption patterns, building efficiency characteristics, electricity grid carbon intensity, and second-order effects such as changes in residential location choices and automobile ownership. Some environmental scientists have expressed concern that remote work may inadvertently accelerate urban sprawl by enabling workers to live in peripheral or rural locations, thereby increasing their overall environmental footprint through larger homes, automobile dependence for non-work activities, and greater distances to amenities and services. A comprehensive lifecycle assessment is required to accurately evaluate the net environmental impact of different working arrangements.

As societies navigate this ongoing transition, the ultimate trajectory of remote work practices and office space demand will likely be determined by the complex interplay of technological capabilities, organizational cultures, employee preferences, real estate market dynamics, and policy interventions. The most plausible scenario involves a highly differentiated landscape wherein different industries, organizations, and demographic groups adopt varying approaches tailored to their specific circumstances and objectives. What appears certain is that the pre-2020 status quo, characterized by nearly universal full-time office presence for knowledge workers, will not return. The challenge for stakeholders across sectors lies in crafting arrangements that optimize the trade-offs between flexibility and collaboration, efficiency and innovation, individual autonomy and social connection – thereby harnessing the benefits of both distributed and centralized work modalities while mitigating their respective drawbacks.

Questions 27-31

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

What is the main argument of the first paragraph?
A. Remote work is a temporary phenomenon that will soon end
B. The shift to remote work represents a fundamental societal transformation
C. Technological adjustments are the only consequence of remote work
D. The pandemic had minimal impact on working practices
According to MIT research cited in the passage, what percentage of US jobs can be performed entirely remotely?
A. Approximately 25%
B. Around 37%
C. Roughly 50%
D. About 65%
The passage suggests that remote work has:
A. Reduced inequality across all socioeconomic groups
B. Had no impact on income distribution
C. Exacerbated existing patterns of economic inequality
D. Benefited lower-income workers more than higher-income workers
What challenge is mentioned regarding converting office buildings to residential use?
A. Lack of interested buyers
B. Government regulations prohibiting such conversions
C. Structural differences between office and residential designs
D. Excessive costs of demolition
According to the passage, “weak ties” in organizational contexts are important because they:
A. Reduce employee stress levels
B. Facilitate new ideas and diverse perspectives
C. Strengthen close friendships among colleagues
D. Improve management efficiency

Questions 32-36

Complete the summary using the list of words, A-L, below.

The shift to remote work has created a 32. __ between those who can work from home and those who cannot. Higher-income professionals in knowledge-based fields have gained benefits like flexibility and reduced costs, while lower-income workers in service roles continue facing workplace challenges. This has led to what some scholars call “33. __,” which reinforces socioeconomic divisions rather than reducing them.

The ability to work remotely has also triggered a 34. __ trend where workers move from expensive cities to more affordable locations. While this has brought economic benefits to smaller communities, it has also caused 35. __ increases in housing costs, sometimes displacing existing residents. Cities that built extensive infrastructure based on concentrated downtown employment now face questions about the 36. __ of their development strategies.

A. migration
B. dichotomy
C. privileged mobility
D. dramatic
E. reduction
F. long-term viability
G. technological advancement
H. minimal
I. urbanization
J. equality enhancement
K. short-term success
L. gradual

Questions 37-40

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the passage?

Write:

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

Remote workers consistently experience better mental health outcomes than office-based workers.
The environmental benefits of remote work are straightforward and universally positive.
The pre-2020 pattern of full-time office presence for knowledge workers is unlikely to return completely.
All organizations should immediately transition to 100% remote work arrangements.

Answer Keys – Đáp Án

PASSAGE 1: Questions 1-13

B
C
B
B
C
TRUE
NOT GIVEN
TRUE
FALSE
catalyst
talent pool
isolation
hybrid model

PASSAGE 2: Questions 14-26

B
B
C
C
B
vacancy rates
repricing
activity-based working
satellite
smart building
NO
YES
NOT GIVEN

PASSAGE 3: Questions 27-40

B
B
C
C
B
B
C
A
D
F
NO
NO
YES
NOT GIVEN

Giải Thích Đáp Án Chi Tiết

Passage 1 – Giải Thích

Câu 1: B

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: percentage, employees, regularly worked from home, before 2020
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 1, dòng 2-3
Giải thích: Bài đọc nêu rõ “Before 2020, only about 5% of employees in developed countries worked from home on a regular basis.” Cụm “about 5%” được paraphrase thành “approximately 5%” trong đáp án B.

Câu 2: C

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: productivity levels, remote workers
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 5-7
Giải thích: Đoạn văn đề cập “77% of remote workers reported equal or higher productivity levels compared to when they worked in traditional office settings.” Điều này cho thấy phần lớn nhân viên làm việc từ xa duy trì hoặc cải thiện năng suất, tương ứng với đáp án C.

Câu 3: B

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: save, real estate expenses
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 3, dòng 6-7
Giải thích: Bài viết nói “Some organizations have reported cost savings of up to 40% on real estate expenses alone.” Đáp án B “Up to 40%” khớp chính xác với thông tin này.

Câu 4: B

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: LinkedIn research, remote job postings, applications
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 4, dòng 7-9
Giải thích: “Research by LinkedIn shows that job postings offering remote work options receive 2.5 times more applications than traditional office-based positions.” Đáp án chính xác là B.

Câu 5: C

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: environmental impact
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 7, toàn bộ
Giải thích: Đoạn văn trình bày “mixed picture” về tác động môi trường, đề cập cả mặt tích cực (giảm phát thải từ đi lại) và tiêu cực (tăng tiêu thụ năng lượng tại nhà). Câu cuối “The overall environmental benefit depends largely on factors…” khẳng định tính phức tạp, tương ứng đáp án C.

Câu 6: TRUE

Dạng câu hỏi: True/False/Not Given
Từ khóa: video conferencing tools, necessary infrastructure
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 2-4
Giải thích: “These technologies enable employees to communicate… have become essential infrastructure for the modern workforce.” Từ “essential” đồng nghĩa với “necessary”, xác nhận câu này đúng.

Câu 7: NOT GIVEN

Dạng câu hỏi: True/False/Not Given
Từ khóa: all employees prefer remote working
Vị trí trong bài: Không có thông tin
Giải thích: Bài đọc đề cập lợi ích và thách thức của làm việc từ xa nhưng không khẳng định tất cả nhân viên đều thích mô hình này hơn văn phòng truyền thống.

Câu 8: TRUE

Dạng câu hỏi: True/False/Not Given
Từ khóa: United States, save, 200 hours per year, commuting
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 5, dòng 2-5
Giải thích: “In the United States, the average commuter spends approximately 54 minutes traveling to and from work each day, which amounts to 225 hours per year.” 225 giờ lớn hơn 200 giờ, do đó câu phát biểu đúng.

Câu 9: FALSE

Dạng câu hỏi: True/False/Not Given
Từ khóa: Google, Apple, Microsoft, require, remotely full-time
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 8, dòng 5-7
Giải thích: “Major corporations including Google, Apple, and Microsoft have already announced hybrid working policies.” Từ “hybrid” nghĩa là kết hợp làm việc từ xa và văn phòng, không phải hoàn toàn từ xa, do đó câu này sai.

Câu 10: catalyst

Dạng câu hỏi: Sentence Completion
Từ khóa: COVID-19 pandemic, accelerated
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 1, dòng 4-5
Giải thích: “The COVID-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst for change.” Đáp án là “catalyst” (chất xúc tác).

Câu 11: talent pool

Dạng câu hỏi: Sentence Completion
Từ khóa: recruit, remote positions
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 4, dòng 1-2
Giải thích: “Remote working opens up a much larger talent pool for employers.” Đáp án là “talent pool” (nguồn nhân tài).

Câu 12: isolation

Dạng câu hỏi: Sentence Completion
Từ khóa: remote workers, miss social interactions
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 6, dòng 1-2
Giải thích: “Many employees struggle with feelings of isolation and disconnection from their colleagues.” Đáp án là “isolation” (sự cô lập).

Câu 13: hybrid model

Dạng câu hỏi: Sentence Completion
Từ khóa: experts believe, combines office and remote work
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 8, dòng 1-2
Giải thích: “Most experts predict that a hybrid model – combining remote work with some office presence – will become the dominant working arrangement.” Đáp án là “hybrid model”.

Passage 2 – Giải Thích

Câu 14: B

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: main focus, Paragraph 2
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, toàn bộ
Giải thích: Đoạn 2 tập trung vào vacancy rates (tỷ lệ bỏ trống) và occupancy rates (tỷ lệ sử dụng) của văn phòng ở các thành phố lớn, kèm theo việc định giá lại bất động sản thương mại. Đáp án B phản ánh chính xác trọng tâm này.

Câu 15: B

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: businesses near office buildings
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 3, dòng 2-5
Giải thích: “A comprehensive study by the Urban Land Institute found that establishments within a quarter-mile radius of major office buildings experienced revenue declines averaging 42%.” Đáp án B chính xác.

Câu 16: C

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: modern offices, redesigned, function
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 4, dòng 3-6
Giải thích: “The emerging consensus views offices less as places where routine tasks are performed and more as collaborative hubs where employees gather for specific purposes.” Đáp án C “Collaborative hubs for specific purposes” khớp với nội dung này.

Câu 17: C

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: 15-minute office concept
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 6, dòng 1-4
Giải thích: “The concept of the ’15-minute office’ has gained traction as an alternative… companies are establishing networks of smaller satellite offices or co-working spaces distributed throughout residential neighborhoods.” Đáp án C mô tả chính xác khái niệm này.

Câu 18: B

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: younger employees, research
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 9, dòng 2-5
Giải thích: “Younger employees, particularly those in the early years of their careers, generally express stronger preferences for regular office attendance, valuing the mentorship opportunities, social connections, and professional development that in-person interactions facilitate.” Đáp án B chính xác.

Câu 19: vacancy rates

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion
Từ khóa: commercial offices, high levels
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 1-2
Giải thích: “vacancy rates for commercial office space have reached levels not seen since the 2008 financial crisis.” Đáp án là “vacancy rates”.

Câu 20: repricing

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion
Từ khóa: commercial properties, valuation
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 5-7
Giải thích: “These statistics have precipitated a significant repricing of commercial real estate assets.” Đáp án là “repricing”.

Câu 21: activity-based working

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion
Từ khóa: employees select, workspace types
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 5, dòng 5-7
Giải thích: “Activity-based working – where employees choose from various workspace options depending on their immediate needs.” Đáp án là “activity-based working”.

Câu 22: satellite

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion
Từ khóa: networks, offices, residential areas
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 6, dòng 2-3
Giải thích: “companies are establishing networks of smaller satellite offices or co-working spaces distributed throughout residential neighborhoods.” Đáp án là “satellite”.

Câu 23: smart building

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion
Từ khóa: technologies, adjust, people present
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 7, dòng 5-7
Giải thích: “purpose-designed spaces optimized for hybrid usage patterns can achieve superior energy efficiency through smart building technologies that adjust environmental controls based on actual occupancy levels.” Đáp án là “smart building”.

Câu 24: NO

Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
Từ khóa: complete elimination, office spaces, inevitable
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 4, dòng 1-2
Giải thích: “However, pronouncements about the obsolescence of office spaces appear premature.” Tác giả cho rằng việc tuyên bố văn phòng trở nên lỗi thời là quá sớm, nghĩa là không đồng ý với việc loại bỏ hoàn toàn. Đáp án là NO.

Câu 25: YES

Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
Từ khóa: Goldman Sachs, invested, office amenities, attractive
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 8, dòng 3-6
Giải thích: “Goldman Sachs… has redesigned its offices to include more amenities such as fitness centers, terraces, and premium dining options, effectively transforming them into destinations that employees choose to visit.” Đáp án là YES.

Câu 26: NOT GIVEN

Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
Từ khóa: all companies, identical policies, regardless industry
Vị trí trong bài: Không có thông tin
Giải thích: Bài viết không đề xuất tất cả công ty nên áp dụng chính sách giống hệt nhau. Thực tế, đoạn cuối đề cập các công ty khác nhau có thể áp dụng các phương pháp khác nhau phù hợp với hoàn cảnh của họ.

Passage 3 – Giải Thích

Câu 27: B

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: main argument, first paragraph
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 1, toàn bộ
Giải thích: Đoạn mở đầu nhấn mạnh việc chuyển đổi sang làm việc từ xa “represents far more than a mere technological adjustment” và “constitutes a profound reconfiguration” với “ramifications that permeate multiple dimensions of contemporary society.” Đáp án B “fundamental societal transformation” (sự chuyển đổi xã hội cơ bản) phản ánh chính xác luận điểm này.

Câu 28: B

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: MIT research, percentage, US jobs, entirely remotely
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 3-5
Giải thích: “Research conducted by economists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology reveals that approximately 37% of jobs in the United States can be performed entirely remotely.” Đáp án B chính xác.

Câu 29: C

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: remote work, inequality
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 3, dòng 1-2
Giải thích: “This dichotomy has exacerbated existing patterns of economic inequality.” Từ “exacerbated” (làm trầm trọng thêm) cho thấy làm việc từ xa đã làm tăng bất bình đẳng hiện có. Đáp án C chính xác.

Câu 30: C

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: challenge, converting office buildings, residential
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 7, dòng 2-7
Giải thích: “Converting office buildings to apartments… presents formidable technical and regulatory challenges, as the structural characteristics, floor plate designs, and building systems of office towers often differ substantially from those of residential buildings.” Đáp án C về sự khác biệt cấu trúc là chính xác.

Câu 31: B

Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
Từ khóa: weak ties, important
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 9, dòng 4-7
Giải thích: “Organizational psychologists have noted that weak ties – casual acquaintances rather than close colleagues – frequently serve as conduits for new ideas and diverse perspectives that stimulate innovation.” Đáp án B chính xác.

Câu 32: B (dichotomy)

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion with word list
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 3, dòng 1
Giải thích: “This dichotomy has exacerbated existing patterns…” Từ “dichotomy” (sự phân đôi) phù hợp với ngữ cảnh mô tả sự chia cắt giữa những người có thể làm việc từ xa và những người không thể.

Câu 33: C (privileged mobility)

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion with word list
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 3, dòng 6-8
Giải thích: “This disparity has prompted some scholars to characterize remote work as a form of ‘privileged mobility.'” Cụm “privileged mobility” xuất hiện trực tiếp trong bài.

Câu 34: A (migration)

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion with word list
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 4, dòng 2-3
Giải thích: “The diminished importance of physical proximity to employment centers has enabled a pronounced migration trend.” Từ “migration” phù hợp với việc mô tả xu hướng di chuyển.

Câu 35: D (dramatic)

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion with word list
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 5, dòng 2-3
Giải thích: “The arrival of affluent remote workers has driven dramatic increases in housing prices.” Từ “dramatic” xuất hiện trực tiếp trong bài.

Câu 36: F (long-term viability)

Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion with word list
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 6, dòng 2-3
Giải thích: “the potential attenuation of central business districts raises profound questions about the long-term viability of development patterns.” Cụm “long-term viability” (khả năng tồn tại lâu dài) xuất hiện trực tiếp.

Câu 37: NO

Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
Từ khóa: remote workers, better mental health outcomes
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 10, dòng 5-8
Giải thích: “A longitudinal study… found that remote workers experienced significantly higher levels of emotional exhaustion compared to their office-based counterparts.” Điều này mâu thuẫn với phát biểu rằng nhân viên làm việc từ xa có kết quả sức khỏe tâm thần tốt hơn. Đáp án là NO.

Câu 38: NO

Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
Từ khóa: environmental benefits, straightforward, universally positive
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 11, toàn bộ
Giải thích: “The environmental calculus of remote work proves surprisingly intricate upon close examination.” Đoạn văn giải thích tác động môi trường phức tạp với cả mặt tích cực và tiêu cực, không phải đơn giản và hoàn toàn tích cực. Đáp án là NO.

Câu 39: YES

Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
Từ khóa: pre-2020 pattern, full-time office, unlikely to return
Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 12, dòng 3-5
Giải thích: “What appears certain is that the pre-2020 status quo, characterized by nearly universal full-time office presence for knowledge workers, will not return.” Tác giả khẳng định mô hình cũ sẽ không quay trở lại. Đáp án là YES.

Câu 40: NOT GIVEN

Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
Từ khóa: all organizations, immediately transition, 100% remote
Vị trí trong bài: Không có thông tin
Giải thích: Bài viết không đề xuất tất cả tổ chức nên chuyển sang làm việc từ xa 100% ngay lập tức. Thực tế, đoạn cuối đề cập đến một “highly differentiated landscape” với các phương pháp khác nhau phù hợp với từng hoàn cảnh.

Từ Vựng Quan Trọng Theo Passage

Passage 1 – Essential Vocabulary

Từ vựng	Loại từ	Phiên âm	Nghĩa tiếng Việt	Ví dụ từ bài	Collocation
entrenched	adj	/ɪnˈtrentʃt/	Ăn sâu, bám rễ	traditional office culture remained deeply entrenched	deeply/firmly entrenched
catalyst	n	/ˈkætəlɪst/	Chất xúc tác, động lực thúc đẩy	pandemic acted as a catalyst for change	act as a catalyst
video conferencing	n	/ˈvɪdiəʊ ˈkɒnfərənsɪŋ/	Hội nghị truyền hình	video conferencing tools like Zoom	video conferencing tools/platform
operational costs	n	/ˌɒpəˈreɪʃənl kɒsts/	Chi phí vận hành	significantly reduce their operational costs	reduce/cut operational costs
downsize	v	/ˌdaʊnˈsaɪz/	Cắt giảm quy mô	companies can downsize their physical offices	downsize offices/workforce
talent pool	n	/ˈtælənt puːl/	Nguồn nhân tài	opens up a much larger talent pool	expand/access talent pool
work-life balance	n	/wɜːk laɪf ˈbæləns/	Cân bằng công việc – cuộc sống	offers advantages in terms of work-life balance	achieve/maintain work-life balance
isolation	n	/ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃn/	Sự cô lập, cô đơn	struggle with feelings of isolation	feelings of isolation, social isolation
burnout	n	/ˈbɜːnaʊt/	Sự kiệt sức, cạn kiệt	increase in cases of burnout	suffer from/experience burnout
environmental benefit	n	/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl ˈbenɪfɪt/	Lợi ích môi trường	overall environmental benefit	provide environmental benefits
hybrid model	n	/ˈhaɪbrɪd ˈmɒdl/	Mô hình kết hợp/lai	predict that a hybrid model will become dominant	adopt/implement hybrid model
greenhouse gas emissions	n	/ˈɡriːnhaʊs ɡæs ɪˈmɪʃnz/	Khí thải nhà kính	reduce greenhouse gas emissions	reduce/cut greenhouse gas emissions

Passage 2 – Essential Vocabulary

Từ vựng	Loại từ	Phiên âm	Nghĩa tiếng Việt	Ví dụ từ bài	Collocation
proliferation	n	/prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃn/	Sự gia tăng nhanh chóng	rapid proliferation of remote working	rapid/nuclear proliferation
reassessment	n	/ˌriːəˈsesmənt/	Sự đánh giá lại	triggered a fundamental reassessment	conduct/undertake reassessment
corporate strategists	n	/ˈkɔːpərət ˈstrætɪdʒɪsts/	Nhà chiến lược doanh nghiệp	corporate strategists are grappling with	business/corporate strategists
conventional wisdom	n	/kənˌvenʃənl ˈwɪzdəm/	Quan điểm thông thường	challenges decades of conventional wisdom	challenge/defy conventional wisdom
vacancy rates	n	/ˈveɪkənsi reɪts/	Tỷ lệ bỏ trống	vacancy rates have reached high levels	high/low vacancy rates
footfall	n	/ˈfʊtfɔːl/	Lưu lượng người qua lại	footfall on weekdays remaining 35% below	increase/boost footfall
precipitated	v	/prɪˈsɪpɪteɪtɪd/	Gây ra, thúc đẩy nhanh	statistics have precipitated a repricing	precipitate a crisis/change
prime properties	n	/praɪm ˈprɒpətiz/	Bất động sản cao cấp	some prime properties experiencing declines	invest in prime properties
catered to	v	/ˈkeɪtəd tuː/	Phục vụ, cung cấp cho	businesses that catered to office workers	cater to needs/demands
revitalize	v	/ˌriːˈvaɪtəlaɪz/	Hồi sinh, phục hưng	need to revitalize downtown areas	revitalize economy/area
collaborative hubs	n	/kəˈlæbərətɪv hʌbz/	Trung tâm cộng tác	offices as collaborative hubs	create/establish collaborative hubs
cubicles	n	/ˈkjuːbɪkəlz/	Buồng/ngăn làm việc nhỏ	dense configurations of cubicles	office cubicles, work in cubicles
soundproof pods	n	/ˈsaʊndpruːf pɒdz/	Buồng cách âm	soundproof pods for focused work	install soundproof pods
satellite offices	n	/ˈsætəlaɪt ˈɒfɪsɪz/	Văn phòng vệ tinh	networks of smaller satellite offices	establish/open satellite offices
retrofitting	v	/ˈretrəʊˌfɪtɪŋ/	Cải tạo, lắp đặt thêm	retrofitting older office buildings	retrofit buildings/equipment

Passage 3 – Essential Vocabulary

Từ vựng	Loại từ	Phiên âm	Nghĩa tiếng Việt	Ví dụ từ bài	Collocation
wholesale transformation	n	/ˈhəʊlseɪl ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn/	Sự chuyển đổi toàn diện	wholesale transformation of working practices	undergo wholesale transformation
unfolded	v	/ʌnˈfəʊldɪd/	Diễn ra, phát triển	transformation that has unfolded	events unfold, story unfolds
ramifications	n	/ˌræmɪfɪˈkeɪʃnz/	Hậu quả, tác động rộng	ramifications that permeate society	legal/political ramifications
metamorphosis	n	/ˌmetəˈmɔːfəsɪs/	Sự biến đổi hoàn toàn	as this metamorphosis continues	undergo metamorphosis
attendant consequences	n	/əˈtendənt ˈkɒnsɪkwənsɪz/	Hậu quả đi kèm	attendant consequences for social cohesion	face attendant consequences
salient	adj	/ˈseɪliənt/	Nổi bật, đáng chú ý	one of the most salient aspects	salient features/points
differential impact	n	/ˌdɪfəˈrenʃl ˈɪmpækt/	Tác động khác biệt	differential impact across strata	have differential impact
socioeconomic strata	n	/ˌsəʊsiəʊˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˈstrɑːtə/	Tầng lớp kinh tế xã hội	across socioeconomic strata	different socioeconomic strata
amenable	adj	/əˈmiːnəbl/	Phù hợp, dễ thích nghi	professions amenable to remote work	amenable to change/negotiation
exacerbated	v	/ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪtɪd/	Làm trầm trọng thêm	dichotomy has exacerbated inequality	exacerbate problems/tensions
disproportionately	adv	/ˌdɪsprəˈpɔːʃənətli/	Không cân xứng, quá mức	disproportionately employed	affect disproportionately
de-urbanization	n	/diː ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃn/	Quá trình giảm đô thị hóa	migration trend termed de-urbanization	process of de-urbanization
affluent	adj	/ˈæfluənt/	Giàu có, sung túc	arrival of affluent remote workers	affluent society/neighborhood
attenuation	n	/əˌtenjuˈeɪʃn/	Sự suy yếu, giảm bớt	potential attenuation of business districts	signal attenuation
adaptive reuse	n	/əˈdæptɪv ˈriːjuːs/	Tái sử dụng thích ứng	exploring adaptive reuse strategies	adaptive reuse projects
repurpose	v	/ˌriːˈpɜːpəs/	Chuyển đổi mục đích sử dụng	repurpose underutilized office buildings	repurpose buildings/materials
formidable	adj	/fɔːˈmɪdəbl/	Ghê gớm, đáng gờm	presents formidable challenges	formidable opponent/task
institutional investors	n	/ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl ɪnˈvestəz/	Nhà đầu tư tổ chức	institutional investors such as pension funds	attract institutional investors
serendipitous encounters	n	/ˌserənˈdɪpɪtəs ɪnˈkaʊntəz/	Những cuộc gặp gỡ tình cờ	eliminates serendipitous encounters	chance/serendipitous encounters
deleterious effects	n	/ˌdelɪˈtɪəriəs ɪˈfekts/	Tác động có hại	may have deleterious effects	produce deleterious effects
longitudinal study	n	/ˌlɒndʒɪˈtjuːdɪnl ˈstʌdi/	Nghiên cứu dọc	a longitudinal study published	conduct longitudinal study
bifurcating	v	/ˈbaɪfəkeɪtɪŋ/	Chia thành hai nhánh	office market appears to be bifurcating	road bifurcates, market bifurcates

Kết bài

Bộ đề thi IELTS Reading Practice Test về chủ đề “The Rise Of Remote Working And Its Effect On Office Space Demand” mà bạn vừa hoàn thành là một công cụ luyện tập toàn diện, phản ánh chính xác cấu trúc và độ khó của đề thi IELTS Reading thực tế. Chủ đề về xu hướng làm việc từ xa và ảnh hưởng của nó đến nhu cầu văn phòng không chỉ là một trong những đề tài nóng bỏng trong thời đại hiện nay mà còn thường xuyên xuất hiện trong các kỳ thi IELTS với nhiều góc độ khác nhau.

Ba passages trong bộ đề này đã đưa bạn trải qua một hành trình từ cơ bản đến nâng cao, với Passage 1 giới thiệu những khái niệm căn bản về remote working, Passage 2 phân tích sâu hơn về sự chuyển đổi của không gian văn phòng, và Passage 3 đào sâu vào các tác động kinh tế xã hội phức tạp. Mỗi passage được thiết kế với các dạng câu hỏi đa dạng – từ Multiple Choice, True/False/Not Given, đến Matching Headings và Summary Completion – giúp bạn làm quen với toàn bộ các dạng bài phổ biến trong IELTS Reading.

Phần đáp án chi tiết không chỉ cung cấp câu trả lời đúng mà còn giải thích rõ ràng vị trí thông tin, cách paraphrase, và kỹ thuật xác định đáp án. Đây là yếu tố then chốt giúp bạn không chỉ biết mình đúng hay sai, mà còn hiểu tại sao và làm thế nào để tìm ra đáp án trong những lần làm bài sau. Hơn nữa, bộ từ vựng phong phú được phân loại theo từng passage, kèm theo phiên âm, nghĩa tiếng Việt, ví dụ và collocations, sẽ là hành trang quý giá cho việc nâng cao vốn từ học thuật của bạn.

Hãy nhớ rằng, thành công trong IELTS Reading không chỉ đến từ việc làm nhiều bài tập mà còn từ việc phân tích kỹ lưỡng các đáp án, học từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh, và rèn luyện kỹ năng quản lý thời gian. Với bộ đề này, bạn đã có cơ hội thực hành tất cả những yếu tố đó. Chúc bạn tự tin bước vào phòng thi IELTS và đạt được band điểm như mong muốn!

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IELTS Reading: Xu hướng làm việc từ xa và ảnh hưởng đến nhu cầu văn phòng – Đề thi mẫu có đáp án chi tiết

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