Mở Bài
Chủ đề về công nghệ và giao tiếp kỹ thuật số là một trong những chủ đề xuất hiện thường xuyên nhất trong kỳ thi IELTS Reading, chiếm khoảng 15-20% các đề thi thực tế. Với sự phát triển vượt bậc của Internet và các nền tảng truyền thông xã hội, câu hỏi “What Are The Social Implications Of Increasing Reliance On Digital Communication?” đã trở thành mối quan tâm toàn cầu, được xem xét từ nhiều góc độ khác nhau trong học thuật và đời sống.
Bài viết này cung cấp một bộ đề thi IELTS Reading hoàn chỉnh với 3 passages từ dễ đến khó, bao gồm 40 câu hỏi đa dạng giống như trong kỳ thi thực tế. Bạn sẽ được luyện tập với các dạng câu hỏi phổ biến như Multiple Choice, True/False/Not Given, Yes/No/Not Given, Matching Headings, Summary Completion và nhiều dạng khác. Mỗi passage được thiết kế cẩn thận để phản ánh đúng độ khó trong đề thi Cambridge IELTS, kèm theo đáp án chi tiết và giải thích cụ thể giúp bạn hiểu rõ cách tìm thông tin và paraphrase.
Đề thi này phù hợp cho học viên từ band 5.0 trở lên, giúp bạn làm quen với chủ đề công nghệ – xã hội và nâng cao kỹ năng đọc hiểu học thuật một cách hiệu quả.
1. Hướng Dẫn Làm Bài IELTS Reading
Tổng Quan Về IELTS Reading Test
IELTS Reading Test kéo dài 60 phút với 3 passages và tổng cộng 40 câu hỏi. Mỗi câu trả lời đúng được tính 1 điểm, không bị trừ điểm khi sai. Độ khó của các passages tăng dần từ Passage 1 đến Passage 3.
Phân bổ thời gian khuyến nghị:
- Passage 1 (Easy): 15-17 phút cho 13 câu hỏi
- Passage 2 (Medium): 18-20 phút cho 13 câu hỏi
- Passage 3 (Hard): 23-25 phút cho 14 câu hỏi
Lưu ý dành 2-3 phút cuối để chuyển đáp án vào Answer Sheet. Bạn cần viết đáp án trực tiếp vào phiếu trả lời vì không có thời gian bổ sung.
Các Dạng Câu Hỏi Trong Đề Này
Đề thi mẫu này bao gồm 7 dạng câu hỏi phổ biến nhất trong IELTS Reading:
- Multiple Choice – Chọn đáp án đúng từ 3-4 phương án
- True/False/Not Given – Xác định thông tin đúng, sai hay không được đề cập
- Sentence Completion – Hoàn thành câu với thông tin từ bài đọc
- Yes/No/Not Given – Xác định quan điểm của tác giả
- Matching Headings – Nối tiêu đề với đoạn văn phù hợp
- Summary Completion – Điền từ vào tóm tắt đoạn văn
- Matching Features – Nối thông tin với người/tổ chức được đề cập
2. IELTS Reading Practice Test
PASSAGE 1 – The Evolution of Digital Communication
Độ khó: Easy (Band 5.0-6.5)
Thời gian đề xuất: 15-17 phút
The way people communicate has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past three decades. From the early days of electronic mail in the 1990s to today’s instant messaging applications and social media platforms, digital communication has become an integral part of daily life for billions of people worldwide. This shift from traditional face-to-face interactions to screen-based exchanges has brought about significant changes in how society functions.
In the workplace, digital communication tools have revolutionized professional environments. Video conferencing software such as Zoom and Microsoft Teams enables colleagues from different continents to collaborate in real-time, eliminating the need for expensive business travel. Email remains the primary medium for formal business correspondence, while instant messaging platforms like Slack facilitate quick exchanges between team members. According to a 2022 study by the International Telecommunication Union, over 4.5 billion people actively use the internet, with workplace productivity applications being among the most downloaded categories.
The educational sector has similarly experienced a dramatic shift toward digital platforms. Online learning management systems allow students to access course materials, submit assignments, and participate in discussions without being physically present in a classroom. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this infrastructure proved invaluable as schools worldwide transitioned to remote learning almost overnight. Teachers can now provide personalized feedback through digital tools, and students can learn at their own pace using interactive multimedia resources. Research from the World Economic Forum suggests that digital literacy has become as fundamental as traditional reading and writing skills.
Social relationships have also been profoundly affected by the rise of digital communication. Social networking sites like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter enable people to maintain connections with friends and family across vast distances. Parents can watch their children grow up through shared photos and videos, even when separated by thousands of miles. Virtual communities form around shared interests, bringing together individuals who might never have met otherwise. A study published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships found that people who regularly use digital communication tools report feeling more connected to their extended social networks, though the depth of these connections remains a subject of debate.
However, the increasing reliance on digital communication has raised concerns among psychologists and sociologists. Some researchers argue that excessive screen time is linked to decreased emotional intelligence and weaker interpersonal skills. The absence of non-verbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice in text-based communication can lead to misunderstandings. Young people who grow up communicating primarily through screens may find in-person interactions more challenging. Dr. Sarah Mitchell, a developmental psychologist at Cambridge University, notes that “while digital tools offer unprecedented connectivity, they cannot fully replicate the richness of face-to-face human contact.”
Privacy concerns have also emerged as a significant issue in the digital age. Every message sent, every photo shared, and every comment posted creates a digital footprint that can be tracked, stored, and potentially misused. Data breaches at major companies have exposed the personal information of millions of users, leading to identity theft and other cybercrimes. Government surveillance programs in various countries monitor digital communications, raising questions about civil liberties and the right to privacy. Encryption technology offers some protection, but the balance between security and privacy remains contentious.
Despite these challenges, few would argue for abandoning digital communication entirely. The convenience, efficiency, and global reach of these tools have created opportunities that previous generations could never have imagined. The key lies in developing digital wisdom – understanding both the benefits and limitations of these technologies and using them appropriately. Educational programs that teach critical thinking about digital media, along with the importance of maintaining real-world relationships, can help people navigate this new landscape more effectively.
Looking forward, emerging technologies like virtual reality and artificial intelligence promise to make digital communication even more immersive and sophisticated. Holographic displays may soon allow people to have meetings with three-dimensional projections of distant colleagues, creating experiences closer to physical presence. As these technologies develop, society will need to continually assess their impact and adapt accordingly. The goal should be to harness the power of digital communication while preserving the human elements that make social connections meaningful.
Chuyển đổi số trong giao tiếp công việc với các công cụ họp trực tuyến và ứng dụng nhắn tin tức thời
Questions 1-13
Questions 1-5: Multiple Choice
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
1. According to the passage, digital communication in the workplace has:
A. completely replaced face-to-face meetings
B. made business travel unnecessary
C. enabled real-time collaboration across continents
D. reduced the need for email communication
2. The passage states that during the COVID-19 pandemic:
A. schools were unprepared for remote learning
B. digital infrastructure supported rapid transition to online learning
C. students learned better than in traditional classrooms
D. teachers refused to use digital tools
3. Research from the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships found that digital communication users:
A. have fewer real friends
B. feel more connected to extended networks
C. prefer online relationships to offline ones
D. spend less time with family
4. Dr. Sarah Mitchell’s main concern is that:
A. digital tools are completely harmful
B. young people use screens too much
C. digital communication cannot fully replace face-to-face contact
D. technology is developing too quickly
5. According to the passage, encryption technology:
A. completely solves privacy problems
B. is rejected by governments
C. provides some protection but privacy remains debatable
D. is unavailable to ordinary users
Questions 6-9: True/False/Not Given
Do the following statements agree with the information in the passage?
Write:
- TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
- FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
- NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
6. Over 4.5 billion people used the internet in 2022 according to the International Telecommunication Union.
7. Digital literacy is now considered as important as traditional reading and writing.
8. Young people who communicate mainly through screens always have poor social skills.
9. All countries have government surveillance programs monitoring digital communications.
Questions 10-13: Sentence Completion
Complete the sentences below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
10. Social media platforms enable people to maintain connections despite being separated by __.
11. Text-based communication lacks __ such as body language and facial expressions.
12. Every online activity creates a __ that can be tracked and stored.
13. Future technologies like __ may create more immersive communication experiences.
PASSAGE 2 – The Psychological Impact of Digital Connectivity
Độ khó: Medium (Band 6.0-7.5)
Thời gian đề xuất: 18-20 phút
The pervasive infiltration of digital communication technologies into modern life has prompted extensive investigation by psychologists seeking to understand their effects on human cognition, emotion, and behavior. While the benefits of instantaneous global connectivity are undeniable, a growing body of research suggests that our increasing dependence on digital intermediaries for social interaction may be fundamentally altering the architecture of human relationships and the very nature of human consciousness itself.
One area of particular concern involves the concept of “continuous partial attention,” a term coined by technology consultant Linda Stone to describe the modern phenomenon of simultaneously monitoring multiple streams of information while never fully concentrating on any single task. This cognitive state, enabled and encouraged by the constant notifications from smartphones and other devices, represents a departure from the focused attention that characterized pre-digital work and social interactions. Neuroscientist Dr. Adam Gazzaley of the University of California has demonstrated through functional MRI studies that this type of divided attention reduces the brain’s ability to filter irrelevant information and impairs working memory. The implications extend beyond mere productivity losses; there is evidence that prolonged exposure to this fragmented attention pattern may be reshaping neural pathways, particularly in adolescents whose brains are still developing.
The phenomenon of “social comparison” has been dramatically amplified by digital platforms. While humans have always measured themselves against others, social media presents curated highlight reels of other people’s lives, creating unrealistic benchmarks for success, happiness, and appearance. Research conducted by psychologist Ethan Kross at the University of Michigan found that passive consumption of social media content is associated with decreased well-being and increased feelings of envy and inadequacy. The study, which tracked participants’ Facebook usage and emotional states over time, revealed a negative correlation between time spent browsing others’ posts and self-reported life satisfaction. This effect was particularly pronounced among young adults, a demographic that forms the core user base of most social platforms.
However, the relationship between digital communication and psychological well-being is not uniformly negative. Research distinguishes between active engagement—such as commenting, messaging, and posting original content—and passive consumption of others’ content. Studies by Moira Burke at Carnegie Mellon University suggest that directed communication with specific individuals through digital platforms can strengthen relationships and provide genuine emotional support, particularly for people who face barriers to in-person interaction, such as those with mobility limitations or social anxiety disorders. The key variable appears to be the quality and intentionality of the interaction rather than the medium itself.
The impact on intimate relationships presents a paradoxical picture. On one hand, communication technologies allow couples to maintain contact throughout the day through brief messages, creating a sense of ongoing connection. On the other hand, the phenomenon of “phubbing”—phone snubbing, or paying attention to one’s phone instead of one’s present companion—has been identified as a source of relationship conflict. Research by James Roberts at Baylor University found that smartphone interference in romantic relationships was associated with lower relationship satisfaction and increased symptoms of depression. The irony is striking: tools designed to connect people may actually create distance when used inappropriately.
Children and adolescents represent a population of particular vulnerability in the digital communication landscape. Their neurological development is occurring alongside their technological acculturation, creating a generation whose cognitive and social maturation is inextricably intertwined with digital media. Jean Twenge, a psychologist who studies generational differences, has documented significant increases in anxiety and depression among teenagers that coincide with the widespread adoption of smartphones and social media. While causation is difficult to establish definitively, the temporal correlation is compelling. Twenge argues that the displacement of in-person social activities by screen time, combined with the psychological pressures of maintaining an online presence, creates a perfect storm for mental health challenges.
The concept of “authenticity” in digital communication also warrants examination. The asynchronous nature of most digital exchanges allows for careful crafting of messages and curation of self-presentation in ways that spontaneous conversation does not. While this can reduce anxiety for some individuals, it may also create a performative aspect to social interaction where people present idealized versions of themselves rather than their genuine thoughts and feelings. Sherry Turkle, a sociologist at MIT, argues in her book “Alone Together” that we are developing technology-mediated relationships that provide the illusion of companionship without the demands of genuine emotional intimacy. According to Turkle, the ability to control and edit our communications makes them safer but potentially less meaningful.
Despite these concerns, it would be reductive to characterize digital communication as merely harmful. The technology itself is neutral; its impact depends on how individuals and societies choose to deploy it. Digital wellness initiatives are emerging that encourage mindful technology use, including designated screen-free times, notification management, and conscious choices about which communications warrant immediate attention. Some researchers advocate for formal education in digital citizenship and emotional intelligence to help people navigate the complex social ecosystem that technology has created. The challenge facing contemporary society is not whether to embrace digital communication—that choice has effectively been made—but rather how to integrate these tools into human life in ways that enhance rather than diminish our psychological well-being and social connections.
Tác động tâm lý của mạng xã hội đến thanh thiếu niên với smartphone và cảm xúc lo âu
Questions 14-26
Questions 14-18: Yes/No/Not Given
Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in the passage?
Write:
- YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer
- NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer
- NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
14. Digital communication technology is fundamentally changing the nature of human consciousness.
15. All forms of social media usage lead to decreased psychological well-being.
16. Digital communication tools are more harmful than beneficial overall.
17. The way people use technology matters more than the technology itself in determining psychological outcomes.
18. Schools should ban smartphones to protect student mental health.
Questions 19-22: Matching Headings
The passage has eight paragraphs. Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B, D, F, and G from the list of headings below.
List of Headings:
i. The paradox of connection in romantic relationships
ii. Continuous partial attention and brain function
iii. Historical development of digital communication
iv. Social comparison in the digital age
v. Vulnerability of young people to digital effects
vi. Active versus passive digital engagement
vii. The problem of authenticity online
viii. Solutions for healthy technology use
19. Paragraph B
20. Paragraph D
21. Paragraph F
22. Paragraph G
Questions 23-26: Summary Completion
Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Dr. Adam Gazzaley’s research using 23. __ showed that divided attention reduces the brain’s filtering ability and impairs working memory. Research by Ethan Kross discovered a 24. __ between time spent browsing social media and life satisfaction. The term 25. __ describes when someone pays attention to their phone instead of their present companion. Jean Twenge has observed that increases in teenage anxiety and depression coincide with the 26. __ of smartphones and social media.
PASSAGE 3 – Sociological Perspectives on Digital Communication’s Transformative Effects
Độ khó: Hard (Band 7.0-9.0)
Thời gian đề xuất: 23-25 phút
The ascendancy of digital communication as the predominant modality of human interaction represents not merely a technological evolution but a profound sociological transformation with ramifications that extend across virtually every dimension of contemporary social organization. Sociologists examining this phenomenon have identified multifaceted consequences ranging from the reconstitution of community structures to the reconfiguration of power dynamics in both intimate relationships and broader social institutions. Understanding these implications requires moving beyond simplistic binary assessments of technology as either inherently beneficial or categorically detrimental, toward a more nuanced analysis that recognizes the dialectical relationship between technological affordances and social practices.
The concept of “network society,” articulated by sociologist Manuel Castells, provides a theoretical framework for comprehending how digital communication technologies have fundamentally altered the spatial and temporal dimensions of social interaction. In Castells’ formulation, the traditional geographically bounded communities that characterized pre-digital social organization have been supplemented—and in some cases supplanted—by networked forms of association organized around shared interests, identities, or purposes rather than physical proximity. This shift has democratizing potential, enabling marginalized groups to find solidarity and amplify their voices beyond the constraints of local contexts. The Arab Spring uprisings, the #MeToo movement, and various transnational environmental campaigns demonstrate how digital networks can facilitate collective action at unprecedented scales and speeds. However, this same infrastructure enables the rapid dissemination of misinformation and the formation of echo chambers where ideological polarization intensifies rather than moderates.
The transformation of public discourse constitutes another critical area of sociological concern. Jürgen Habermas’s concept of the “public sphere”—a realm of social life where citizens come together to discuss matters of common concern and form public opinion—has been both expanded and fragmented by digital communication platforms. On one hand, social media theoretically provides universal access to public debate, breaking down the gatekeeping functions previously exercised by traditional media institutions. Individuals without connections to established media outlets can now reach audiences of millions, potentially democratizing the production and circulation of information. On the other hand, the algorithmic curation of content on these platforms creates personalized information environments that may reinforce existing beliefs rather than exposing users to diverse perspectives. Research by Eli Pariser on “filter bubbles” suggests that recommendation algorithms, designed to maximize user engagement, preferentially display content that aligns with users’ existing views, creating a fragmented public sphere where different groups operate with fundamentally different informational foundations.
The reconfiguration of social capital represents another dimension of digital communication’s impact that warrants examination. Robert Putnam’s influential work “Bowling Alone” documented a decline in civic engagement and community participation in late 20th-century America, attributing this trend partly to changes in communication technologies, particularly television. The question of whether digital communication technologies exacerbate or ameliorate this trend remains contentious. Some researchers argue that online interactions represent a qualitatively different and potentially inferior form of social bonding, lacking the richness and commitment associated with face-to-face community involvement. Others contend that digital platforms create new forms of social capital and enable forms of civic participation that were previously logistically infeasible. The evidence suggests that the answer may depend on how digital tools are employed: they can facilitate meaningful collaboration and community building when used intentionally, but may contribute to social fragmentation when they displace other forms of engagement without providing equivalent benefits.
The surveillance capabilities inherent in digital communication infrastructures raise profound questions about power, privacy, and social control. Sociologist David Lyon characterizes contemporary society as a “surveillance society” where monitoring has become ubiquitous and largely normalized. Every digital interaction generates data that can be collected, analyzed, and deployed for purposes ranging from targeted advertising to governmental social control. The revelations by Edward Snowden regarding mass surveillance programs operated by intelligence agencies highlighted the extent to which digital communications are subject to state monitoring. Meanwhile, private corporations accumulate vast troves of personal data that provide unprecedented insights into individual behavior, preferences, and social networks. Michel Foucault’s concept of the “panopticon”—a prison design where inmates can be observed without knowing when they are being watched, inducing self-regulation—has been invoked as a metaphor for digital surveillance. The awareness that one’s communications may be monitored can create chilling effects on free expression and political dissent, fundamentally altering the dynamics of public and private life.
The phenomenon of “digital labor” and the commodification of social interaction represent relatively recent areas of sociological inquiry. When individuals post content on social media platforms, engage in online discussions, or even simply browse websites, they generate valuable data that corporations monetize through advertising. Scholars like Tiziana Terranova argue that this constitutes a form of “free labor” that users provide to platform companies, creating value that is appropriated by corporate entities rather than compensated. This arrangement represents a novel form of economic exploitation that is rendered invisible by the rhetoric of participation and community that surrounds these platforms. The implications extend beyond individual users to affect broader economic structures, as the “platform economy” increasingly mediates not only social interaction but also economic transactions, with companies like Uber, Airbnb, and TaskRabbit creating marketplaces that bypass traditional employment relationships and their associated worker protections.
Gender and intersectional analyses reveal that the implications of digital communication are not uniformly distributed across social groups. Research by feminist scholars has documented how online spaces often replicate and amplify existing patterns of gender-based harassment and discrimination. Women, particularly those who are publicly visible, face disproportionate levels of online abuse, including threats of violence that can have silencing effects on their participation in public discourse. Similar patterns of racialized harassment and other forms of identity-based targeting make digital spaces hostile environments for marginalized groups. The relative anonymity afforded by some digital platforms can disinhibit aggressive behavior, while the permanence of digital records means that harassment can be persistent and difficult to escape. These dynamics raise questions about whose voices are amplified and whose are suppressed in digital public spheres, and whether these technologies ultimately democratize or entrench existing hierarchies.
Looking toward the future, the development of artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and other emerging technologies promises to further transform the landscape of digital communication. Sociologist Sherry Turkle cautions against uncritical adoption of technologies that mediate human connection, arguing that we must deliberately design our technological future rather than allowing it to unfold through market forces alone. This requires ongoing critical reflection on the values we wish to instantiate in our communication systems and the forms of social life we wish to cultivate. As digital communication becomes ever more deeply woven into the fabric of social existence, the challenge is to harness its potential for enhancing human flourishing while mitigating its capacity to fragment communities, concentrate power, and undermine the forms of authentic connection that sustain meaningful human life. The decisions made today about how we design, regulate, and use these technologies will shape social structures for generations to come.
Giám sát dữ liệu cá nhân và quyền riêng tư trong mạng xã hội kỹ thuật số
Questions 27-40
Questions 27-31: Multiple Choice
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
27. According to the passage, Manuel Castells’ concept of “network society” suggests that:
A. geographical communities have completely disappeared
B. shared interests now organize some communities more than physical location
C. digital networks are always democratizing
D. traditional communities are superior to networked ones
28. The passage states that algorithmic curation of content:
A. always exposes users to diverse viewpoints
B. has no effect on public discourse
C. may create personalized environments that reinforce existing beliefs
D. should be banned by governments
29. Robert Putnam’s work “Bowling Alone” is mentioned to:
A. prove that digital communication is harmful
B. provide context for debates about civic engagement
C. show that television is worse than the internet
D. demonstrate that social capital cannot be created online
30. According to David Lyon, contemporary society is characterized by:
A. complete privacy protection
B. occasional surveillance
C. ubiquitous and normalized monitoring
D. no corporate data collection
31. The concept of “digital labor” suggests that social media users:
A. should be paid for posting content
B. generate value that is monetized by corporations
C. work harder than traditional employees
D. prefer free labor to paid work
Questions 32-35: Matching Features
Match each concept with the correct scholar or researcher.
Write the correct letter, A-G, next to questions 32-35.
Scholars/Researchers:
A. Manuel Castells
B. Jürgen Habermas
C. Eli Pariser
D. Robert Putnam
E. Michel Foucault
F. Tiziana Terranova
G. Sherry Turkle
32. Filter bubbles and recommendation algorithms __
33. The panopticon as a metaphor for surveillance __
34. Digital labor and free value creation __
35. The public sphere concept __
Questions 36-40: Short-answer Questions
Answer the questions below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
36. What type of analysis reveals that digital communication impacts are not uniform across all social groups?
37. What can the relative anonymity of digital platforms do to aggressive behavior?
38. According to the passage, what movements demonstrate how digital networks facilitate collective action?
39. What term describes the environments created by personalized content algorithms?
40. What does Sherry Turkle argue we must do rather than allowing technology to develop through market forces alone?
3. Answer Keys – Đáp Án
PASSAGE 1: Questions 1-13
- C
- B
- B
- C
- C
- TRUE
- TRUE
- FALSE
- NOT GIVEN
- vast distances
- non-verbal cues
- digital footprint
- virtual reality
PASSAGE 2: Questions 14-26
- YES
- NO
- NOT GIVEN
- YES
- NOT GIVEN
- ii
- vi
- v
- vii
- functional MRI
- negative correlation
- phubbing
- widespread adoption
PASSAGE 3: Questions 27-40
- B
- C
- B
- C
- B
- C
- E
- F
- B
- intersectional analyses (hoặc Gender analyses)
- disinhibit
- Arab Spring (hoặc #MeToo movement hoặc environmental campaigns)
- personalized information environments (hoặc filter bubbles)
- deliberately design
4. Giải Thích Đáp Án Chi Tiết
Passage 1 – Giải Thích
Câu 1: C
- Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
- Từ khóa: digital communication, workplace
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 2-3
- Giải thích: Câu văn “Video conferencing software such as Zoom and Microsoft Teams enables colleagues from different continents to collaborate in real-time” trực tiếp nói về việc cộng tác xuyên lục địa, tương ứng với đáp án C. Đáp án A sai vì bài không nói “hoàn toàn thay thế”. Đáp án B sai vì chỉ nói “eliminating the need” chứ không phải “unnecessary”. Đáp án D sai vì email vẫn là phương tiện chính.
Câu 2: B
- Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
- Từ khóa: COVID-19 pandemic, schools
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 3, dòng 4-5
- Giải thích: Cụm “this infrastructure proved invaluable as schools worldwide transitioned to remote learning almost overnight” cho thấy cơ sở hạ tầng kỹ thuật số đã hỗ trợ quá trình chuyển đổi nhanh chóng, khớp với đáp án B.
Câu 6: TRUE
- Dạng câu hỏi: True/False/Not Given
- Từ khóa: 4.5 billion, internet, 2022, International Telecommunication Union
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 6-7
- Giải thích: Câu văn “According to a 2022 study by the International Telecommunication Union, over 4.5 billion people actively use the internet” khớp hoàn toàn với câu hỏi.
Câu 8: FALSE
- Dạng câu hỏi: True/False/Not Given
- Từ khóa: young people, screens, poor social skills
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 5, dòng 4-5
- Giải thích: Câu văn chỉ nói “may find in-person interactions more challenging”, không khẳng định “always have poor social skills”. Từ “may” (có thể) cho thấy không phải tất cả, do đó câu khẳng định tuyệt đối là FALSE.
Câu 10: vast distances
- Dạng câu hỏi: Sentence Completion
- Từ khóa: maintain connections, separated
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 4, dòng 2-3
- Giải thích: Câu gốc “enable people to maintain connections with friends and family across vast distances” cung cấp cụm từ “vast distances” phù hợp với ngữ cảnh câu hỏi về khoảng cách.
Câu 13: virtual reality
- Dạng câu hỏi: Sentence Completion
- Từ khóa: future technologies, immersive
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 8, dòng 1
- Giải thích: Câu “emerging technologies like virtual reality and artificial intelligence promise to make digital communication even more immersive” chỉ rõ công nghệ thực tế ảo sẽ tạo trải nghiệm immersive hơn.
Passage 2 – Giải Thích
Câu 14: YES
- Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
- Từ khóa: fundamentally changing, human consciousness
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 1, dòng 2-3
- Giải thích: Câu “may be fundamentally altering the architecture of human relationships and the very nature of human consciousness itself” thể hiện quan điểm của tác giả rằng công nghệ đang thay đổi ý thức con người.
Câu 15: NO
- Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
- Từ khóa: all forms, social media, decreased well-being
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 4, toàn đoạn
- Giải thích: Đoạn văn phân biệt giữa “passive consumption” (có hại) và “active engagement” (có thể có lợi), chứng tỏ không phải tất cả hình thức sử dụng đều dẫn đến giảm hạnh phúc. Do đó câu khẳng định tất cả là NO.
Câu 17: YES
- Dạng câu hỏi: Yes/No/Not Given
- Từ khóa: how people use technology, matters more
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 4, dòng cuối
- Giải thích: Câu “The key variable appears to be the quality and intentionality of the interaction rather than the medium itself” thể hiện quan điểm rõ ràng của tác giả rằng cách sử dụng quan trọng hơn công cụ.
Câu 19: ii
- Dạng câu hỏi: Matching Headings
- Từ khóa: Paragraph B
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2 (Paragraph B)
- Giải thích: Đoạn này tập trung vào khái niệm “continuous partial attention” và nghiên cứu của Dr. Gazzaley về cách nó ảnh hưởng đến chức năng não, khớp với heading ii “Continuous partial attention and brain function”.
Câu 20: vi
- Dạng câu hỏi: Matching Headings
- Từ khóa: Paragraph D
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 4 (Paragraph D)
- Giải thích: Đoạn này phân biệt giữa “active engagement” và “passive consumption”, khớp với heading vi “Active versus passive digital engagement”.
Câu 23: functional MRI
- Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion
- Từ khóa: Dr. Gazzaley, research
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 5
- Giải thích: Cụm “functional MRI studies” là phương pháp nghiên cứu của Dr. Gazzaley được đề cập rõ ràng.
Câu 24: negative correlation
- Dạng câu hỏi: Summary Completion
- Từ khóa: Ethan Kross, browsing social media, life satisfaction
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 3, dòng 6-7
- Giải thích: Câu “revealed a negative correlation between time spent browsing others’ posts and self-reported life satisfaction” cung cấp thuật ngữ chính xác.
Passage 3 – Giải Thích
Câu 27: B
- Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
- Từ khóa: Manuel Castells, network society
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 3-5
- Giải thích: Câu “networked forms of association organized around shared interests, identities, or purposes rather than physical proximity” cho thấy lợi ích và mục đích chung có thể tổ chức cộng đồng thay vì vị trí địa lý, khớp với đáp án B.
Câu 28: C
- Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
- Từ khóa: algorithmic curation
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 3, dòng 6-8
- Giải thích: Cụm “algorithmic curation of content on these platforms creates personalized information environments that may reinforce existing beliefs” tương ứng trực tiếp với đáp án C.
Câu 30: C
- Dạng câu hỏi: Multiple Choice
- Từ khóa: David Lyon, contemporary society
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 5, dòng 2-3
- Giải thích: Câu “characterizes contemporary society as a ‘surveillance society’ where monitoring has become ubiquitous and largely normalized” khớp với đáp án C về giám sát phổ biến và được chuẩn hóa.
Câu 32: C
- Dạng câu hỏi: Matching Features
- Từ khóa: filter bubbles, recommendation algorithms
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 3, dòng 8-9
- Giải thích: Đoạn văn đề cập “Research by Eli Pariser on ‘filter bubbles’ suggests that recommendation algorithms…” nên đáp án là C – Eli Pariser.
Câu 33: E
- Dạng câu hỏi: Matching Features
- Từ khóa: panopticon, surveillance
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 5, dòng 7-8
- Giải thích: Câu “Michel Foucault’s concept of the ‘panopticon’… has been invoked as a metaphor for digital surveillance” chỉ rõ Michel Foucault (E) là người đề xuất khái niệm này.
Câu 36: intersectional analyses (hoặc Gender analyses)
- Dạng câu hỏi: Short-answer Questions
- Từ khóa: not uniform, social groups
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 7, dòng 1
- Giải thích: Câu mở đầu “Gender and intersectional analyses reveal that the implications of digital communication are not uniformly distributed across social groups” cung cấp đáp án trực tiếp.
Câu 38: Arab Spring (hoặc #MeToo movement hoặc environmental campaigns)
- Dạng câu hỏi: Short-answer Questions
- Từ khóa: movements, collective action
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 2, dòng 8-9
- Giải thích: Đoạn văn liệt kê “The Arab Spring uprisings, the #MeToo movement, and various transnational environmental campaigns” như các ví dụ về hành động tập thể.
Câu 40: deliberately design
- Dạng câu hỏi: Short-answer Questions
- Từ khóa: Sherry Turkle, market forces
- Vị trí trong bài: Đoạn 8, dòng 3-4
- Giải thích: Câu “we must deliberately design our technological future rather than allowing it to unfold through market forces alone” cung cấp cụm từ “deliberately design”.
5. Từ Vựng Quan Trọng Theo Passage
Passage 1 – Essential Vocabulary
| Từ vựng | Loại từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa tiếng Việt | Ví dụ từ bài | Collocation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| remarkable transformation | n. phrase | /rɪˈmɑːkəbl trænsˌfɔːˈmeɪʃn/ | Sự chuyển đổi đáng kể | The way people communicate has undergone a remarkable transformation | undergo a transformation |
| integral part | n. phrase | /ˈɪntɪɡrəl pɑːt/ | Phần không thể thiếu | Digital communication has become an integral part of daily life | play an integral part |
| face-to-face interactions | n. phrase | /feɪs tə feɪs ˌɪntərˈækʃnz/ | Tương tác trực tiếp | This shift from traditional face-to-face interactions | prefer face-to-face interaction |
| revolutionized | v. | /ˌrevəˈluːʃənaɪzd/ | Cách mạng hóa | Digital tools have revolutionized professional environments | revolutionize the industry |
| video conferencing | n. | /ˈvɪdioʊ ˈkɑːnfərənsɪŋ/ | Hội nghị truyền hình | Video conferencing software enables real-time collaboration | video conferencing system |
| primary medium | n. phrase | /ˈpraɪmeri ˈmiːdiəm/ | Phương tiện chính | Email remains the primary medium for business correspondence | primary medium of communication |
| invaluable | adj. | /ɪnˈvæljuəbl/ | Vô cùng quý giá | This infrastructure proved invaluable during the pandemic | invaluable experience/resource |
| personalized feedback | n. phrase | /ˈpɜːsənəlaɪzd ˈfiːdbæk/ | Phản hồi cá nhân hóa | Teachers can provide personalized feedback through digital tools | provide personalized feedback |
| profoundly affected | v. phrase | /prəˈfaʊndli əˈfektɪd/ | Ảnh hưởng sâu sắc | Social relationships have been profoundly affected | profoundly affect/impact |
| extended social networks | n. phrase | /ɪkˈstendɪd ˈsoʊʃl ˈnetwɜːks/ | Mạng lưới xã hội mở rộng | People feel more connected to their extended social networks | maintain extended networks |
| non-verbal cues | n. phrase | /nɑːn ˈvɜːbl kjuːz/ | Tín hiệu phi ngôn ngữ | The absence of non-verbal cues can lead to misunderstandings | pick up non-verbal cues |
| digital footprint | n. phrase | /ˈdɪdʒɪtl ˈfʊtprɪnt/ | Dấu vết kỹ thuật số | Every online activity creates a digital footprint | leave a digital footprint |
Học từ vựng IELTS Reading chủ đề giao tiếp kỹ thuật số và công nghệ thông tin
Passage 2 – Essential Vocabulary
| Từ vựng | Loại từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa tiếng Việt | Ví dụ từ bài | Collocation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pervasive infiltration | n. phrase | /pərˈveɪsɪv ˌɪnfɪlˈtreɪʃn/ | Sự xâm nhập lan rộng | The pervasive infiltration of digital technologies | pervasive influence/presence |
| instantaneous | adj. | /ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/ | Tức thời, tức khắc | The benefits of instantaneous global connectivity | instantaneous communication |
| fundamentally altering | v. phrase | /ˌfʌndəˈmentəli ˈɔːltərɪŋ/ | Thay đổi căn bản | Technologies are fundamentally altering human relationships | fundamentally alter/change |
| continuous partial attention | n. phrase | /kənˈtɪnjuəs ˈpɑːʃl əˈtenʃn/ | Chú ý một phần liên tục | The phenomenon of continuous partial attention | pay continuous attention |
| cognitive state | n. phrase | /ˈkɑːɡnətɪv steɪt/ | Trạng thái nhận thức | This cognitive state reduces filtering ability | altered cognitive state |
| functional MRI studies | n. phrase | /ˈfʌŋkʃənl ˌem ɑːr ˈaɪ ˈstʌdiz/ | Nghiên cứu chụp cộng hưởng từ chức năng | Dr. Gazzaley demonstrated through functional MRI studies | conduct MRI studies |
| impairs working memory | v. phrase | /ɪmˈperz ˈwɜːkɪŋ ˈmeməri/ | Làm suy giảm trí nhớ ngắn hạn | Divided attention impairs working memory | impair cognitive function |
| curated highlight reels | n. phrase | /kjʊˈreɪtɪd ˈhaɪlaɪt riːlz/ | Những khoảnh khắc được chọn lọc | Social media presents curated highlight reels of lives | curated content |
| negative correlation | n. phrase | /ˈneɡətɪv ˌkɔːrəˈleɪʃn/ | Tương quan nghịch | A negative correlation between screen time and satisfaction | show negative correlation |
| passive consumption | n. phrase | /ˈpæsɪv kənˈsʌmpʃn/ | Tiêu thụ thụ động | Passive consumption of social media content | passive consumption vs active engagement |
| directed communication | n. phrase | /dəˈrektɪd kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ | Giao tiếp có định hướng | Directed communication with specific individuals | engage in directed communication |
| phubbing | n. | /ˈfʌbɪŋ/ | Hành vi coi điện thoại, lờ người khác | The phenomenon of phubbing creates relationship conflict | phubbing behavior |
| smartphone interference | n. phrase | /ˈsmɑːrtfoʊn ˌɪntərˈfɪrəns/ | Sự can thiệp của điện thoại thông minh | Smartphone interference in romantic relationships | minimize smartphone interference |
| neurological development | n. phrase | /ˌnʊrəˈlɑːdʒɪkl dɪˈveləpmənt/ | Phát triển thần kinh | Their neurological development occurs alongside technology | normal neurological development |
| asynchronous nature | n. phrase | /eɪˈsɪŋkrənəs ˈneɪtʃər/ | Tính chất không đồng bộ | The asynchronous nature of digital exchanges | asynchronous communication |
Passage 3 – Essential Vocabulary
| Từ vựng | Loại từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa tiếng Việt | Ví dụ từ bài | Collocation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ascendancy | n. | /əˈsendənsi/ | Sự thống trị, nổi trội | The ascendancy of digital communication | gain ascendancy over |
| predominant modality | n. phrase | /prɪˈdɑːmɪnənt məˈdæləti/ | Phương thức chủ đạo | Digital communication as the predominant modality | predominant mode/form |
| ramifications | n. | /ˌræmɪfɪˈkeɪʃnz/ | Hệ quả, tác động lan rộng | A transformation with ramifications across society | have ramifications for |
| reconstitution | n. | /ˌriːkɑːnstɪˈtuːʃn/ | Sự tái cấu trúc | The reconstitution of community structures | social reconstitution |
| binary assessments | n. phrase | /ˈbaɪnəri əˈsesmənt/ | Đánh giá nhị phân | Moving beyond binary assessments of technology | simplistic binary assessment |
| dialectical relationship | n. phrase | /ˌdaɪəˈlektɪkl rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ | Mối quan hệ biện chứng | The dialectical relationship between technology and society | dialectical approach |
| geographically bounded | adj. phrase | /ˌdʒiːəˈɡræfɪkli ˈbaʊndɪd/ | Bị giới hạn về địa lý | Traditional geographically bounded communities | geographically bounded area |
| democratizing potential | n. phrase | /dɪˈmɑːkrətaɪzɪŋ pəˈtenʃl/ | Tiềm năng dân chủ hóa | This shift has democratizing potential | realize democratizing potential |
| amplify their voices | v. phrase | /ˈæmplɪfaɪ ðer ˈvɔɪsɪz/ | Khuếch đại tiếng nói | Enabling marginalized groups to amplify their voices | amplify the voice of |
| echo chambers | n. phrase | /ˈekoʊ ˈtʃeɪmbərz/ | Buồng vang (không gian chỉ có quan điểm tương tự) | The formation of echo chambers | create/exist in echo chambers |
| ideological polarization | n. phrase | /ˌaɪdiəˈlɑːdʒɪkl ˌpoʊlərəˈzeɪʃn/ | Sự phân cực tư tưởng | Where ideological polarization intensifies | increase ideological polarization |
| gatekeeping functions | n. phrase | /ˈɡeɪtkiːpɪŋ ˈfʌŋkʃnz/ | Chức năng kiểm soát thông tin | Breaking down the gatekeeping functions | exercise gatekeeping functions |
| algorithmic curation | n. phrase | /ˌælɡəˈrɪðmɪk kjʊˈreɪʃn/ | Sự tuyển chọn bằng thuật toán | The algorithmic curation of content | algorithmic curation systems |
| filter bubbles | n. phrase | /ˈfɪltər ˈbʌblz/ | Bong bóng lọc thông tin | Research by Eli Pariser on filter bubbles | trapped in filter bubbles |
| ubiquitous | adj. | /juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/ | Có mặt khắp nơi | Monitoring has become ubiquitous | ubiquitous technology/presence |
| surveillance society | n. phrase | /sərˈveɪləns səˈsaɪəti/ | Xã hội giám sát | Contemporary society as a surveillance society | live in a surveillance society |
| panopticon | n. | /pəˈnɑːptɪkɑːn/ | Nhà tù toàn cảnh (ẩn dụ giám sát) | Foucault’s concept of the panopticon | digital panopticon |
| commodification | n. | /kəˌmɑːdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ | Sự hàng hóa hóa | The commodification of social interaction | commodification of data/labor |
| intersectional analyses | n. phrase | /ˌɪntərˈsekʃənl əˈnæləsiːz/ | Phân tích giao thoa | Gender and intersectional analyses | intersectional approach/framework |
Chiến lược làm bài IELTS Reading hiệu quả để đạt band điểm cao từ 7.0 trở lên
Kết Bài
Chủ đề về tác động xã hội của giao tiếp kỹ thuật số không chỉ xuất hiện thường xuyên trong IELTS Reading mà còn phản ánh những thay đổi thực tế đang diễn ra trong cuộc sống hiện đại. Bộ đề thi mẫu này đã cung cấp cho bạn trải nghiệm hoàn chỉnh với 3 passages có độ khó tăng dần từ Easy đến Hard, bao gồm đầy đủ 40 câu hỏi với 7 dạng bài khác nhau.
Passage 1 giúp bạn làm quen với chủ đề thông qua ngữ cảnh đời sống và công việc, với từ vựng và cấu trúc câu không quá phức tạp. Passage 2 nâng cao độ khó với các nghiên cứu tâm lý học chi tiết và yêu cầu kỹ năng paraphrase tốt hơn. Passage 3 đưa bạn vào phân tích xã hội học sâu sắc với từ vựng học thuật và cấu trúc câu phức tạp, thách thức ngay cả với học viên band cao.
Đáp án chi tiết kèm giải thích cụ thể về vị trí thông tin, từ khóa và cách paraphrase sẽ giúp bạn hiểu rõ logic của đề thi IELTS Reading. Phần từ vựng được tổng hợp theo từng passage với phiên âm, nghĩa và collocation sẽ hỗ trợ bạn mở rộng vốn từ học thuật một cách có hệ thống.
Hãy dành thời gian làm bài trong điều kiện thi thật, sau đó đối chiếu đáp án và học từ những sai lầm. Việc luyện tập đều đặn với các đề thi chất lượng như thế này sẽ giúp bạn tự tin hơn và đạt được band điểm mục tiêu trong kỳ thi IELTS sắp tới. Chúc bạn học tập hiệu quả và thành công với IELTS Reading.
